昆明市学龄期儿童扁平足筛查及影响因素分析

张英杰; 吴桐; 黄家峥; 张泽金; 刘璐赟; 熊鹰; 肖甲宇

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.05.028

昆明市学龄期儿童扁平足筛查及影响因素分析

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.05.028

张英杰^{1, 2},
吴桐¹,
黄家峥¹,
张泽金²,
刘璐赟¹,
熊鹰¹,
肖甲宇^1, ,

1.
昆明医科大学附属延安医院骨科，云南 650500
2.
云南中医药大学第一临床医学院

基金项目:

昆明市卫生健康委员会卫生科研项目 2019-04-07-0010

云南省科技厅基础研究计划 202201AY070001-195

云南省卫生高层次人才培养项目 H2019014

详细信息

作者简介:
张英杰(1997-)，女，河北省衡水人，在读硕士，住院医师，主要研究方向为中西医结合骨科

通讯作者:
肖甲宇，E-mail：346721374@qq.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R726.8 R179
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-11-16
- 修回日期: 2023-02-14
- 网络出版日期: 2023-05-25
- 刊出日期: 2023-05-25

Screening analysis of flat foot disease among school-age children in Kunming City

1.
Orthopedics Department of Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming(650500), China

摘要

摘要: 目的了解昆明市学龄期儿童扁平足检出率并进行影响因素分析，为预防扁平足提供依据。方法 2021年12月—2022年2月利用光学足部评估记录装置对昆明市5所小学4 444名7~13岁儿童进行扁平足筛查，并采用Logistic回归分析扁平足发生的相关因素。结果儿童扁平足检出率为29.10%，其中轻度占21.79%、中度占52.43%、重度占25.78%，双足型占89.10%、单足型占10.90%。7和13岁组扁平足的检出率分别为36.91%和10.43%，前者患病风险是后者的5.00倍(OR=5.00，95%CI=3.22~7.52)；乡村和城镇学生检出率分别为38.53%和22.46%，前者患病风险是后者的2.17倍(OR=2.17，95%CI=1.90~2.47)；男女生扁平足检出率分别为34.21%和23.29%，男生患病风险是女生的1.71倍(OR=1.71，95%CI=1.50~1.95)；扁平足发生率与体质量指数(BMI)具有相关性，超重与肥胖组儿童扁平足风险更高(OR值分别为1.31，1.10，P值均 < 0.01)。结论 7~13岁儿童扁平足检出率与年龄、性别、城乡、BMI相关。对于学龄期儿童的扁平足应该做到早预防、早发现、早治疗。
- 扁平足 /
- 发病率 /
- 回归分析 /
- 儿童
Abstract: Objective To investigate the prevalence of flat feet and associated factors in school-aged children in Kunming City, to provide evidence supporting the prevention of flat feet. Methods From December 2021 to February 2022, 4 444 children aged 7-13 in five primary schools in Kunming were screened for flat feet with the optical foot assessment and recording device. The incidence of flatfoot was counted, and Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of flatoccurrence. Results The overall prevalence rate was 29.10%, of which 21.79% were mild, 52.43% were moderate, 25.78% were severe, 89.10% were bipedal, and 10.90% were monopedal. The prevalence rates in the 7-year-old and 13-year-old groups were 36.91% and 10.43%, respectively, and the risk in the former was 5.00 times that in the latter(OR=5.00, 95%CI=3.22-7.52). The prevalence rates in rural and urban students were 38.53%, 22.46%, respectively, and the risk in the former was 2.17 times that in the latter(OR=2.17, 95%CI=1.90-2.47). The prevalence of flat feet in male and female students were 34.21%, 23.29%, respectively, and the risk in male students was 1.71 times higher than that in female students(OR=1.71, 95%CI=1.50-1.95). The incidence of flat feet correlated with BMI, and the risk of flat feet was higher in the group with overweight and obese groups than normal(OR=1.31, 1.10, P < 0.01). Conclusion The prevalence of flat feet in school-age children aged 7-13 years decreased with age. The prevalence and risk of flat feet is lower in girls than boys, and the incidence and risk of flat feet are lower in urban than rural children. The incidence of flat feet in most children is moderate, and the risk increased with increasing BMI. For school-aged children with flat feet, early prevention, detection and treatment are needed.
- Flatfoot /
- Incidence /
- Regression analysis /
- Child
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表 1 昆明市学龄期儿童扁平足发生的Logistic回归分析(n=4 444)

Table 1. Logistic regression analysis of the incidence of flat feet in school-age children in Kunming(n=4 444)

自变量	选项	β值	标准误	Wald χ²值	P值	OR值(OR值95%CI)
年龄/岁	7	1.07	0.21	59.58	< 0.01	5.00(3.22~7.52)
	8	1.71	0.21	66.31	< 0.01	5.52(3.66~8.32)
	9	1.25	0.21	35.01	< 0.01	3.48(2.30~5.26)
	10	1.16	0.21	29.11	< 0.01	3.18(2.09~4.84)
	11	1.19	0.22	29.99	< 0.01	3.30(2.15~5.06)
	12	0.38	0.24	2.60	0.11	1.46(0.92~2.32)
性别	男	0.53	0.68	62.54	< 0.01	1.71(1.50~1.95)
城乡	乡村	0.77	0.67	132.34	< 0.01	2.17(1.90~2.47)
BMI	营养不良	-0.19	0.21	19.03	0.99	0.96(0.53~1.74)
	超重	0.34	0.15	51.90	< 0.01	1.31(1.23~1.42)
	肥胖	0.34	0.15	51.03	< 0.01	1.10(1.14~1.38)
注：自变量分别以13岁、女生、城镇、体重正常为参照；因变量以未发生扁平足为参照。

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表 2 性别及城乡对不同年龄学龄期儿童扁平足发生影响的Logistic亚组分析

Table 2. Logistic subgroup analysis of the effects of different age groups, gender and urban and rural areas on the incidence of flat feet

年龄/岁	人数	性别		城乡
年龄/岁	人数	OR值(OR值95%CI)	P值	OR值(OR值95%CI)	P值
7	867	2.23(1.68~2.97)	< 0.01	2.31(1.55~3.67)	< 0.01
8	767	1.70(1.26~2.28)	< 0.01	2.03(1.48~2.84)	< 0.01
9	829	1.86(1.36~2.54)	< 0.01	1.36(1.15~1.66)	< 0.01
10	685	1.67(1.18~2.36)	< 0.01	1.46(1.16~1.84)	< 0.01
11	551	1.16(0.79~1.69)	0.44	1.56(1.13~2.16)	< 0.01
12	467	2.14(1.24~3.70)	< 0.01	1.09(0.67~1.83)	0.87
13	278	0.54(0.27~1.06)	0.07	0.95(0.73~1.27)	0.67
注：自变量以女生、城镇为参照；因变量以未发生扁平足为参照。

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