平凉市留守小学生伤害影响因素多重对应分析

霍红; 贾喜平; 刘涛

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.05.026

平凉市留守小学生伤害影响因素多重对应分析

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.05.026

霍红¹,
贾喜平^1, ,,
刘涛²

1.
甘肃医学院预防医学系，平凉 744000
2.
平凉市妇幼保健院办公室

基金项目:

2021甘肃省高等学校创新基金项目 2021B-334

详细信息

作者简介:
霍红(1980-)，女，甘肃天水人，硕士，副教授，主要研究方向为公共卫生与预防医学

通讯作者:
贾喜平，E-mail：359372711@qq.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: G444 R179 R195
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-10-28
- 修回日期: 2023-03-17
- 网络出版日期: 2023-05-25
- 刊出日期: 2023-05-25

Multiple correspondence analysis of the influencing factors of injury among left-behind primary school students in Pingliang

HUO Hong¹,
JIA Xiping^{1
, ,},
LIU Tao²

1.
Department of Preventive Medicine, Gansu Medical College, Pingliang(744000), Gansu Province, China

摘要

摘要: 目的探讨留守小学生伤害影响因素的分布特点，为划定伤害高危人群和开展伤害精准干预提供参考依据。方法于2021年8月至2022年7月，采用随机整群抽样方法选取平凉市3个乡镇9所小学四至六年级3 769名学生进行问卷调查。采用多重对应分析方法分析伤害影响因素。结果非留守小学生伤害检出率为21.8%(573/2 631)；留守小学生伤害检出率为40.9%(466/1 138)，差异有统计学意义(χ²=146.21，P < 0.01)。留守小学生伤害中跌落263名，占比最高(56.4%)；是否独生子女及不同年级、性别、性格、心理状态、监护类型、母亲文化程度伤害检出率差异均有统计学意义(χ²值分别为39.05，96.69，143.00，155.80，461.39，285.35，17.10，P值均 < 0.01)。多重对应分析显示，跌落、钝器伤和锐器伤在男生、外向型性格、隔代监护类型的留守小学生中检出率较高；动物咬伤、烧烫伤、其他伤害类型在内向型性格、同代监护和其他监护类型、心理亚健康特征的留守小学生中检出率较高；未检出伤害者多为中间型性格与心理健康的留守小学生。结论留守小学生伤害检出率较高；性别、性格类型、监护类型、心理状态与伤害关系密切，隔代监护的外向型男生是伤害重点防控的高危人群。应在精准预防模式指导下开展全方位高危人群精准干预策略，以期有效降低留守小学生伤害的发生。
- 创伤和损伤 /
- 因素分析，统计学 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective To explore the distribution characteristics of the influencing factors of injury among left-behind primary school students, so as to provide a reference for identifying high-risk injury groups and carrying out accurate injury intervention. Methods From August 2021 to July 2022, a questionnaire survey was conducted among 3 769 students from grades 4 to 6 from nine primary schools in three townships in Pingliang City by using the a random cluster sampling method. Multiple correspondence analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of injury. Results The detection rate of injuries among non-left-behind pupils was 21.8%(573/2 631), whereas the detection rate of injuries among left-behind pupils was 40.9%(466/1 138). In addition, a statistically significant difference was observed in the detection rate of injuries between left-behind pupils and non-left-behind pupils (χ²=146.21, P < 0.01). Among the injuries of left-behind pupils, 263 had fall-related injuries, accounting for the highest proportion (56.4%). Whether it was an only child, and different grades, gender, personality, psychological status, monitoring type, and maternal education level were statistically significant (χ²=39.05, 96.69, 143.00, 155.80, 461.39, 285.35, 17.10, P < 0.01). The multiple correspondence analysis category graph showed higher rates of fall injuries, blunt injuries and sharp injuries among boys, extroverted personality types, and left-behind pupils whose grandparents were their legal guardians. Animal bites, burns and other injury types were higher among left-behind pupils with an introverted personality, pupils in peer/other guardianship situations, and those with a sub-mental health status. Unharmed left-behind students mainly included those with intermediate personality and mental health characteristics. Conclusion The injury detection rate among left-behind primary school students is high. Gender, personality type, guardianship type, and mental health status are closely related to injury. Extroverted boys under grandparents guardians are identified as high-risk groups for injury prevention and control. Under the guidance of the precision prevention model, precision intervention strategies for all-round high-risk groups should be carried out in order to effectively reduce the occurrence of injuries among left-behind pupils.
- Wounds and injuries /
- Factor analysis, statistical /
- Students
注释:

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图 1 留守小学生伤害类型与影响因素多重对应分析因子载荷

Figure 1. Factor loading diagram of multiple correspondence analysis between unintentional injury types and influencing factors

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表 1 不同人口学特征留守小学生伤害检出率比较

Table 1. Comparison of unintentional injury detection among left-behind primary school students with different characteristics

人口学指标	选项	人数	跌落	钝器伤	锐器伤	动物咬伤	烧烫伤	其他	χ²值	P值
是否独生子女	是	206	20(9.7)	10(4.9)	4(1.9)	12(5.8)	5(2.4)	5(2.4)	39.05	< 0.01
	否	932	243(26.1)	65(7.0)	38(4.1)	28(3.0)	20(2.1)	16(1.7)
年级	四	387	84(21.7)	18(4.7)	14(3.6)	20(5.2)	7(1.8)	6(1.6)	96.69	< 0.01
	五	389	51(13.1)	50(12.9)	22(5.7)	12(3.1)	8(2.1)	11(2.8)
	六	362	128(35.4)	7(1.9)	6(1.6)	8(2.2)	10(2.8)	4(1.1)
性别	男	590	167(28.3)	73(12.4)	32(5.4)	8(1.4)	19(3.2)	15(2.5)	143.00	< 0.01
	女	548	96(17.5)	2(0.4)	10(1.8)	32(5.8)	6(1.1)	6(1.1)
性格	内向型	389	87(22.4)	29(7.5)	10(2.6)	30(7.7)	16(4.1)	10(2.6)	155.80	< 0.01
	中间型	454	59(13.0)	23(5.1)	9(2.0)	8(1.8)	6(1.3)	7(1.5)
	外向型	295	117(39.7)	23(7.8)	23(7.8)	2(0.7)	3(1.0)	4(1.4)
心理状态	心理健康	816	146(17.9)	19(2.3)	8(1.0)	1(0.1)	9(1.1)	5(0.6)	461.39	< 0.01
	心理亚健康	322	117(36.3)	56(17.4)	34(10.6)	39(12.1)	16(5.0)	16(5.0)
监护类型	单亲监护	668	93(13.9)	19(2.8)	12(1.8)	9(1.3)	9(1.3)	9(1.3)	285.35	< 0.01
	隔代监护	364	124(34.1)	52(14.3)	27(7.4)	15(4.1)	13(3.6)	9(2.5)
	同代监护	23	10(43.5)	1(4.3)	2(8.7)	4(17.4)	1(4.3)	1(4.3)
	其他监护	83	36(43.4)	3(3.6)	1(1.2)	12(14.5)	2(2.4)	2(2.4)
母亲文化程度	初中及以下	752	187(24.9)	55(7.3)	33(4.4)	24(3.2)	17(2.3)	18(2.4)	17.10	< 0.01
	高中及以上	386	76(19.7)	20(5.2)	9(2.3)	16(4.1)	8(2.1)	3(0.8)
注：()内数字为检出率/%。

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