新冠肺炎疫情期间大学生体力活动视屏时间与心理健康的关联

叶娟; 张郁林; 张一; 伍晓艳

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.05.020

新冠肺炎疫情期间大学生体力活动视屏时间与心理健康的关联

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.05.020

叶娟¹,
张郁林²,
张一³,
伍晓艳^3, ,

1.
安徽医科大学马克思主义学院，合肥，230032
2.
安徽医科大学第二临床医学院
3.
安徽医科大学公共卫生学院儿少卫生与妇幼保健学系/出生人口健康教育部重点实验室/人口健康与优生安徽省重点实验室

基金项目:

2022年度安徽省科研编制计划项目 2022AH050616

2020年度安徽高校协同创新项目 GXXT-2020-068

详细信息

作者简介:
叶娟(1984-)，女，安徽六安人，硕士，讲师，主要研究方向为思想政治教育

张郁林(2001-)，女，安徽亳州人，在读本科

通讯作者:
伍晓艳，E-mail：xywu@ahmu.edu.cn

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R511 G804.49 G444
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-01-03
- 修回日期: 2023-02-01
- 网络出版日期: 2023-05-25
- 刊出日期: 2023-05-25

Associations among physical activity, screen time and mental health in college students during the COVID-19 pandemic

1.
School of Marxism, Anhui Medical University, Hefei(230032), China

摘要

摘要: 目的探讨新冠肺炎疫情期间大学生体力活动(PA)、视屏时间(ST)与心理健康的关系，为疫情常态化背景下改善大学生的心理健康状况提供科学依据。方法 2020年4月选取合肥市1所医学院校1 709名学生，采用自编问卷进行调查，了解其社会人口统计学指标、体力活动、视屏时间和抑郁焦虑症状等信息。通过建立多因素Logistic回归模型，分析新冠肺炎疫情期间体力活动和视屏时间与大学生心理健康的关联。结果大学生抑郁症状检出率为29.0%(495名)，不同年级、不同自评家庭经济状况、是否和父母同住的大学生抑郁症状检出率差异均有统计学意义(χ²值分别为21.95，15.85，7.30，P值均 < 0.05)。焦虑症状检出率为19.8%(339名)，不同年级、性别、自评家庭经济状况、是否和父母同住的大学生焦虑症状差异均有统计学意义(χ²值分别为18.84，7.80，8.77，9.27，P值均 < 0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示，达到每周运动至少1 h天数≥3 d和视屏时间在1~ < 2，2~ < 3，3~ < 4 h/d会降低大学生抑郁症状的发生风险[OR值(OR值95%CI)分别为0.72(0.57~0.90)，0.53(0.38~0.75)，0.57(0.42~0.76)，0.70(0.51~0.96)]；视屏时间在1~ < 2，2~ < 3，3~ < 4 h/d会降低大学生焦虑症状的发生风险[OR值(OR值95%CI)值分别为0.47(0.31~0.70)，0.65(0.46~0.90)，0.58(0.40~0.85)](P值均 < 0.05)；体力活动和视屏时间的交互作用与心理健康之间存在相关性。结论过低的体力活动和过长的视屏时间与大学生抑郁焦虑症状发生风险增加相关。
- 冠状病毒属 /
- 运动活动 /
- 注视，眼 /
- 精神卫生 /
- 回归分析 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective The study was aimed at exploring the relationships among physical activity (PA), screen time (ST) and mental health in college students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods A total of 1 709 students from a medical college in Hefei were selected in April 2020. A self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate social demographic indicators, physical activity, screen time, and depression and anxiety symptoms. The relationships among physical activity, screen time and mental health in college students during the COVID-19 pandemic were assessed with a multivariate Logistic regression model. Results The prevalence of depression symptoms among college students was 29.0% (495 students), and the differences in the prevalence of depression symptoms among college students with different grades, different self-rated family economic status, and whether they lived with their parents were statistically significant (χ²=21.95, 15.85, 7.30, P < 0.05). The prevalence of anxiety symptoms was 19.8% (339 students), and there were statistically significant differences in anxiety symptoms among college students of different grades, gender, self-rated family economic status, and whether they lived with their parents (χ²=18.84, 7.80, 8.77, 9.27, P < 0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that 3 or more days per week with duration of physical activity ≥1 h and screen time at 1~ < 2, 2~ < 3, 3~ < 4 h/d reduced the risk of depression symptoms among college students [OR(95%CI)=0.72(0.57-0.90), 0.53(0.38-0.75), 0.57(0.42-0.76), 0.70(0.51-0.96)]. Screen time at 1~ < 2, 2~ < 3, 3~ < 4 h/d reduced the risk of anxiety symptoms among college students [OR(95%CI)=0.47(0.31-0.70), 0.65(0.46-0.90), 0.58(0.40-0.85)](P < 0.05). There was a correlation between the interaction of physical activity and screen time and mental health. Conclusion Low physical activity and short or long screen time durations are associated with elevated risk of depression and anxiety symptoms in college students.
- Coronavirus /
- Motor activity /
- Fixation, ocular /
- Mental health /
- Regression analysis /
- Students
注释:

1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。

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表 1 不同组别大学生抑郁症状和焦虑症状检出率比较

Table 1. Comparison of the prevalences of depression and anxiety symptoms among college students with different groups

组别	选项	人数	抑郁		焦虑
组别	选项	人数	检出人数	χ²值	检出人数	χ²值
年级	大一	325	108(33.2)	21.95^**	62(19.1)	18.84^**
	大二	408	103(25.2)		75(18.4)
	大三	328	81(24.7)		55(16.8)
	大四	296	74(25.0)		49(16.6)
	大五	152	59(38.8)		43(28.3)
	硕士	186	64(34.4)		51(27.5)
	博士	14	6(42.9)		4(28.6)
性别	男	742	216(29.1)	0.01	170(22.9)	7.80^**
	女	967	279(28.9)		169(17.5)
自评家庭经济状况	较好	68	11(16.2)	15.85^**	10(14.7)	8.77^**
	中等	1 270	350(27.6)		236(18.6)
	较差	371	134(36.1)		93(25.1)
隔离天数/d	≤30	172	57(33.1)	4.63	43(25.0)	5.74
	31~60	341	110(32.3)		76(22.3)
	61~90	1 196	328(27.4)		220(18.4)
独居	是	84	29(34.5)	1.33	20(23.8)	0.88
	否	1 625	466(28.7)		319(19.6)
和父母同住	是	1 284	350(27.3)	7.30^**	233(18.1)	9.27^**
	否	425	145(34.1)		106(24.9)
每周运动1 h天数	达到	673	163(24.2)	12.15^**	127(18.9)	0.65
≥3 d	未达到	1 036	332(32.0)		212(20.5)
每天视屏	基本不看	81	28(34.6)	25.31^**	24(29.6)	23.60^**
时间/h	< 0.5	55	16(29.1)		14(25.5)
	0.5~ < 1	112	32(28.6)		21(18.8)
	1~ < 2	271	61(22.5)		38(14.0)
	2~ < 3	370	87(23.5)		65(17.6)
	3~ < 4	284	78(27.5)		45(15.8)
	≥4	536	193(36.0)		132(24.6)
注：()内数字为检出率/%；**P < 0.01。

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表 2 大学生体力活动视屏时间与抑郁症状的关联(n=1 709)

Table 2. Association between physical activity and screen time with depression symptoms among college students(n=1 709)

自变量	选项	单因素			模型1			模型2
自变量	选项	Wald χ²值	OR值(OR值95%CI)	P值	Wald χ²值	OR值(OR值95%CI)	P值	Wald χ²值	OR值(OR值95%CI)	P值
每周运动至少1 h	未达到		1.00			1.00			1.00
天数≥3 d	达到	12.08	0.68(0.54~0.84)	< 0.01	11.05	0.69(0.55~0.86)	< 0.01	8.53	0.72(0.57~0.90)	0.01
每天视屏时间/h	≥4		1.00			1.00			1.00
	基本不看	0.06	0.94(0.58~1.53)	0.80	0.10	0.92(0.56~1.51)	0.75	0.26	0.88(0.53~1.45)	0.61
	< 0.5	1.04	0.73(0.40~1.34)	0.31	0.76	0.76(0.41~1.40)	0.38	0.72	0.77(0.42~1.42)	0.40
	0.5~ < 1	2.25	0.71(0.46~1.11)	0.13	1.59	0.75(0.48~1.17)	0.21	1.33	0.77(0.49~1.21)	0.25
	1~ < 2	14.95	0.52(0.37~0.72)	< 0.01	12.37	0.55(0.39~0.77)	< 0.01	12.97	0.53(0.38~0.75)	< 0.01
	2~ < 3	15.80	0.55(0.41~0.74)	< 0.01	13.87	0.57(0.42~0.76)	< 0.01	13.76	0.57(0.42~0.76)	< 0.01
	3~ < 4	6.09	0.67(0.49~0.92)	0.01	5.37	0.69(0.50~0.94)	0.02	4.98	0.70(0.51~0.96)	0.03
注：模型1体力活动和视屏时间相互调整，模型2进一步调整年级、性别、家庭经济状况、与父母同住。

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表 3 大学生体力活动视屏时间与焦虑症状的关联(n=1 709)

Table 3. Association between physical activity and screen time with anxiety symptoms among college students(n=1 709)

自变量	选项	单因素			模型1			模型2
自变量	选项	Wald χ²值	OR值(OR值95%CI)	P值	Wald χ²值	OR值(OR值95%CI)	P值	Wald χ²值	OR值(OR值95%CI)	P值
每周运动至少1 h	未达到		1.00			1.00			1.00
天数≥3 d	达到	0.65	0.90(0.71~1.16)	0.42	0.58	0.91(0.71~1.16)	0.45	0.31	0.93(0.73~1.20)	0.58
每天视屏时间/h	≥4		1.00			1.00			1.00
	基本不看	0.93	1.29(0.77~2.16)	0.34	0.92	1.29(0.77~2.16)	0.34	0.25	1.14(0.68~1.94)	0.62
	< 0.5	0.02	1.05(0.55~1.98)	0.89	0.02	1.05(0.55~1.99)	0.88	0.02	1.05(0.55~2.00)	0.89
	0.5~ < 1	1.76	0.71(0.42~1.18)	0.18	1.71	0.71(0.42~1.19)	0.19	1.97	0.69(0.41~1.16)	0.16
	1~ < 2	11.88	0.50(0.34~0.74)	< 0.01	11.57	0.50(0.34~0.75)	< 0.01	13.60	0.47(0.31~0.70)	< 0.01
	2~ < 3	6.36	0.65(0.47~0.91)	0.01	6.22	0.65(0.47~0.91)	0.01	6.47	0.65(0.46~0.90)	0.01
	3~ < 4	8.33	0.58(0.40~0.84)	< 0.01	8.25	0.58(0.40~0.84)	< 0.01	7.77	0.58(0.40~0.85)	< 0.01
注：模型1体力活动和视屏时间相互调整，模型2进一步调整年级、性别、家庭经济状况、与父母同住。

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表 4 大学生体力活动和视屏时间的交互作用与抑郁和焦虑症状的Logistic回归分析(n=1 709)

Table 4. Logistic regression analysis of the interaction between physical activity and screen time and depression symptoms and anxiety symptoms among college students(n=1 709)

每周运动至少1 h天数≥3 d	每天视屏时间/h	抑郁			焦虑
每周运动至少1 h天数≥3 d	每天视屏时间/h	Wald χ²值	OR值(OR值95%CI)	P值	Wald χ²值	OR值(OR值95%CI)	P值
未达到	基本不看	0.29	0.85(0.48~1.52)	0.59	0.90	1.34(0.73~2.47)	0.34
	< 0.5	0.06	0.91(0.42~1.98)	0.82	0.50	1.35(0.59~3.08)	0.48
	0.5~ < 1	0.39	0.83(0.46~1.49)	0.53	0.07	0.91(0.47~1.79)	0.79
	1~ < 2	4.30	0.64(0.41~0.98)	0.04	4.57	0.56(0.33~0.95)	0.03
	2~ < 3	8.49	0.57(0.39~0.83)	< 0.01	1.55	0.76(0.50~1.17)	0.21
	3~ < 4	4.49	0.65(0.44~0.97)	0.03	4.51	0.59(0.36~0.96)	0.03
达到	基本不看	0.16	0.83(0.32~2.11)	0.69	< 0.01	0.99(0.35~2.83)	0.99
	< 0.5	2.24	0.46(0.17~1.27)	0.14	0.03	0.91(0.33~2.52)	0.86
	0.5~ < 1	3.02	0.56(0.29~1.08)	0.08	1.75	0.59(0.26~1.30)	0.19
	1~ < 2	17.80	0.34(0.20~0.56)	< 0.01	7.05	0.46(0.26~0.82)	0.01
	2~ < 3	13.27	0.44(0.28~0.69)	< 0.01	3.32	0.63(0.39~1.04)	0.07
	3~ < 4	3.97	0.62(0.38~0.99)	0.05	1.39	0.72(0.41~1.25)	0.24
	≥4	1.29	0.80(0.54~1.18)	0.26	1.62	1.31(0.86~2.00)	0.20

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