青少年家庭环境与抑郁症状的相关性

丁吉; 万芹; 干敏雷; 尹小俭; 吴慧攀; 马渊源; 侯宇欣; 李佳威; 李勇; 刘媛

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.05.009

青少年家庭环境与抑郁症状的相关性

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.05.009

丁吉¹,
万芹^2, ,,
干敏雷³,
尹小俭¹,
吴慧攀⁴,
马渊源⁴,
侯宇欣⁵,
李佳威⁵,
李勇⁶,
刘媛⁷

1.
上海应用技术大学经济与管理学院，上海 201418
2.
上海应用技术大体育教学部
3.
华东政法大学体育部
4.
太原工业学院儿童青少年健康促进研究中心
5.
山西大学体育学院
6.
太原工业学院体育系
7.
华东师范大学体育与健康学院

基金项目:

国家社会科学基金2021年一般项目 21BTY121

详细信息

作者简介:
丁吉(1994-)，男，江苏泰州人，在读硕士，主要研究方向为儿童青少年体质健康与影响因素

通讯作者:
万芹，E-mail：wqdc18@126.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: B844.2 G78 R179
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-11-07
- 修回日期: 2023-01-30
- 网络出版日期: 2023-05-25
- 刊出日期: 2023-05-25

Correlation between family environment and depressive symptoms among adolescents

1.
College of Economics and Management, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai(201418), China

摘要

摘要: 目的了解青少年家庭环境与抑郁症状之间的关联，为青少年心理健康促进和干预提供参考和借鉴。方法 2021年9—12月，采用随机整群抽样的方法，在上海、乌鲁木齐、长沙、昆明4座城市对8 102名中学生进行家庭环境、抑郁症状的问卷调查。采用χ²检验比较不同家庭环境学生抑郁状况，采用多因素Logistic回归分析探讨家庭环境与抑郁症状的关联。结果青少年可能抑郁、很可能抑郁、严重抑郁的检出率分别为11.2%，5.9%，8.4%。不同性别、学段、城乡、家庭形态及是否独生子女青少年抑郁状况检出率，差异均有统计学意义(χ²值分别为87.60，27.19，6.65，45.59，4.78，P值均 < 0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示，与核心家庭相比，单亲家庭(OR=1.45)、重组家庭(OR=1.69)青少年与抑郁症状的发生存在正相关(P值均 < 0.01)。结论与核心家庭相比，单亲家庭、重组家庭中青少年抑郁症状的发生风险更高。应注重单亲和重组家庭青少年的心理健康教育，保障青少年身心健康发展。
- 家庭 /
- 环境 /
- 抑郁 /
- 回归分析 /
- 青少年
Abstract: Objective To understand the relationship between family environment and depressive symptoms among adolescent, and to provide a reference for adolescent mental health promotion and intervention. Methods From September to December in 2021, a questionnaire survey on family environment and depressive symptoms was conducted among 8 102 middle school students by random cluster sampling method in Shanghai, Urumqi, Changsha and Kunming. The Chi-square test was used to compare the depression status of students in different family environments. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the relationship between family environment and depressive symptoms. Results The detection rates of possible depression, likely depression and severe depression in adolescents were 11.2%, 5.9% and 8.4%, respectively. There were significant differences in the detection rate of depression by gender, academic period, urban and rural areas, family forms and only-child statu(χ²=87.60, 27.19, 6.65, 45.59, 4.78, P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that adolescents in single parent families (OR=1.45) and reorganized families(OR=1.69) were positively correlated with the occurrence of depressive symptoms compared with those in nuclear families(P < 0.01). Conclusion Compared with nuclear families, the risks of adolescent depressive symptoms in single-parent families and reorganized families are higher. Attention should be paid to the mental health education of teenagers from single parents and reorganized families to ensure the development of their physical and mental health.
- Family /
- Environment /
- Depression /
- Regression analysis /
- Adolescent
注释:

1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。

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表 1 不同组别青少年抑郁症状检出率比较

Table 1. Comparison of prevalence of depressive symptoms among adolescents of different groups

组别	选项	人数	抑郁症状检出人数	χ²值	P值
性别	男	4 060	855(21.1)	87.60	<0.01
	女	4 042	1 218(30.1)
学段	初中	3 988	918(23.0)	27.19	<0.01
	高中	4 114	1 155(28.1)
城乡	城市	5 642	1 397(24.8)	6.65	0.01
	乡村	2 460	676(27.5)
是否独生子女	否	3 858	1 030(26.7)	4.78	0.03
	是	4 244	1 043(24.6)
SES	低	2 582	694(26.9)	3.33	0.19
	中	2 746	685(24.9)
	高	2 774	694(25.0)
家庭形态	核心家庭	5 517	1 401(25.4)	45.59	<0.01
	主干家庭	1 844	414(22.5)
	联合家庭	78	25(32.1)
	单亲家庭	428	142(33.2)
	重组家庭	235	91(38.7)
注：()内数字为检出率/%。

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表 2 不同组别青少年不同程度抑郁症状检出率比较

Table 2. Comparison of detection rates of depressive symptoms in different groups of adolescents

组别	选项	男生						女生
组别	选项	人数	可能抑郁	很可能抑郁	严重抑郁	χ²值	P值	人数	可能抑郁	很可能抑郁	严重抑郁	χ²值	P值
是否独生子女	否	1 791	193(10.8)	83(4.6)	111(6.2)	4.44	0.22	2 067	278(13.4)	144(7.0)	221(10.7)	2.56	0.46
	是	2 269	202(8.9)	114(5.0)	152(6.7)			1 975	238(12.1)	139(7.0)	198(10.0)
SES	低	1 292	140(10.8)	58(4.5)	83(6.4)	11.93	0.06	1 290	175(13.6)	90(7.0)	148(11.5)	4.82	0.57
	中	1 335	139(10.4)	54(4.0)	87(6.5)			1 411	168(11.9)	99(7.0)	138(9.8)
	高	1 433	116(8.1)	85(5.9)	93(6.5)			1 341	173(12.9)	94(7.0)	133(9.9)
家庭形态	核心家庭	2 831	290(10.2)	135(4.8)	181(6.4)	33.10	<0.01	2 686	346(12.9)	197(7.3)	252(9.4)	38.92	<0.01
	主干家庭	906	70(7.7)	33(3.6)	54(6.0)			938	108(11.5)	56(6.0)	93(9.9)
	联合家庭	42	5(11.9)	2(4.8)	5(11.9)			36	4(11.1)	4(11.1)	5(13.9)
	单亲家庭	193	18(9.3)	16(8.3)	18(9.3)			235	36(15.3)	14(6.0)	40(17.0)
	重组家庭	88	12(13.6)	11(12.5)	5(5.7)			147	22(15.0)	12(8.2)	29(19.7)
注：()内数字为检出率/%。

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表 3 青少年家庭环境与抑郁症状的Logistic回归分析(n=8 102)

Table 3. Logistic regression analysis of adolescent family environment and depressive symptoms(n=8 102)

自变量	选项	β值	标准误	Wald χ²值	P值	OR值(OR值95%CI)
是否独生子女	是					1.00
	否	0.10	0.06	3.34	0.11	1.11(0.99~1.23)
SES	高					1.00
	中	-0.05	0.06	0.61	0.39	0.95(0.84~1.08)
	低	0.10	0.07	0.02	0.49	1.01(0.89~1.15)
家庭形态	核心家庭					1.00
	主干家庭	-1.23	0.07	3.93	0.03	0.88(0.77~1.00)
	联合家庭	0.32	0.25	1.67	0.15	1.38(0.85~2.24)
	单亲家庭	0.37	0.11	11.54	<0.01	1.45(1.17~1.80)
	重组家庭	0.53	0.14	14.23	<0.01	1.69(1.29~2.23)

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