青少年体力活动与抑郁症状的相关性

武海潭; 干敏雷; 尹小俭; 吴慧攀; 申晋波; 马渊源; 李佳威; 李勇; 王进贤; 刘媛

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.05.008

青少年体力活动与抑郁症状的相关性

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.05.008

武海潭¹,
干敏雷²,
尹小俭^3, ,,
吴慧攀⁴,
申晋波⁴,
马渊源⁴,
李佳威⁵,
李勇⁶,
王进贤⁴,
刘媛⁷

1.
上海师范大学体育学院，上海 200234
2.
华东政法大学体育部
3.
上海应用技术大学经济与管理学院
4.
太原工业学院儿童青少年健康促进研究中心
5.
山西大学体育学院
6.
太原工业学院体育系
7.
华东师范大学体育与健康学院

基金项目:

国家社会科学基金2021年一般项目 21BTY121

详细信息

作者简介:
武海潭(1985-)，男，山东泰安人，博士，副教授，主要研究方向为青少年身心健康与促进、体育课程与教学

通讯作者:
尹小俭，E-mail：xjyin1965@163.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突
中图分类号: G804.49 B844.2 R179
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-11-07
- 修回日期: 2023-01-29
- 网络出版日期: 2023-05-25
- 刊出日期: 2023-05-25

Correlation between physical activity and depressive symptoms in adolescents

1.
School of Physical Education, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai(200234), China

摘要

摘要: 目的分析青少年体力活动与抑郁症状之间的相关性，为前瞻性预防青少年抑郁提供参考。方法在上海、乌鲁木齐、长沙、昆明4座城市采用随机整群抽样方式抽取8 102名青少年，分别采用“中国7~18岁儿童青少年体力活动水平评价问卷”和流调中心用抑郁量表(CES-D)对青少年进行体力活动调查和抑郁症状评估，采用多因素Logistic回归分析对青少年体力活动与抑郁症状的相关性进行分析。结果青少年中高强度体力活动(MVPA)达标比例为37.0%，抑郁症状检出率为25.6%。分学段、性别后，MVPA达标组抑郁症状检出率均低于MVPA未达标组(χ²=7.62~34.54，P值均 < 0.05)。抑郁症状程度严重青少年具有低强度体力活动(LPA)时间长、高强度体力活动(VPA)时间短的特点，抑郁症状程度较轻或无症状青少年MVPA时长更长。不同抑郁症状程度青少年总体LPA、VPA；男生LPA，女生LPA、VPA；初中生LPA、VPA，高中生LPA、中强度体力活动(MPA)、MVPA差异均有统计学意义(H值分别为46.48，10.31，18.06，25.02，29.54，30.25，19.80，22.20，9.54，8.62，P值均 < 0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示，性别及MVPA是否达标与抑郁症状检出率均相关(OR值分别为1.56，1.42，P值均 < 0.05)。结论青少年体力活动与抑郁症状相关，中高强度体力活动可能是降低抑郁症状程度的有效措施。选择适宜的体力活动方式，有效增加中高强度体力活动时长，可为预防青少年抑郁症发生提供积极影响。
- 运动活动 /
- 抑郁 /
- 回归分析 /
- 青少年
Abstract: Objective To analyze the correlation between physical activity and depressive symptoms in adolescents, so as to provide a reference for the early prevention of depression among adolescents. Methods Using a random cluster sampling method, 8 102 adolescents from Shanghai, Urumqi, Changsha and Kunming were investigated via the Physical Activity Assessment Questionnaire of Chinese Children and Adolescents aged 7 to 18 and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) for physical activity and depressive symptoms. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the correlation between physical activity and depressive symptoms in adolescents. Results The proportion of adolescents who met moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) standard was 37.0%, and the detection rate of depressive symptoms was 25.6%. The detection rate of depressive symptomsin compliant with MVPA standard group was significantly lower than that in non-compliant group among different age and gender(χ²=7.62-34.54, P < 0.05). Adolescents with severe depressive symptoms had high light-intensity physical activity(LPA) duration and low vigorous-intensity physical activity(VPA) duration, while adolescents with mild depressive symptoms or asymptomatic adolescents had higher MVPA duration. There were differences in LPA and VPA among adolescents with different levels of depressive symptoms in the overall sample, and the differences were still significant among girls, middle school and statistically significant differences in LPA, moderate-intensity physical activity(MPA), MVPA were also found among the high school subgroup. However, differences only in LPA were observed among boys with different levels of depression(H=46.48, 10.31, 25.02, 29.54, 30.25, 19.80, 22.20, 9.54, 8.62, 18.06, P < 0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression model showed that gender and duration of MVPA were significantly related to risk of depressive symptoms(OR=1.56, 1.42, P < 0.05). Conclusion Physical activity among adolescents is significantly related to depressive symptoms. MVPA may be an effective measure to reduce the degree of depressive symptoms.To improve the physical health and prevent depression among adolescents, it is important to choose appropriate physical activity types and effectively increase the duration of MVPA.
- Motor activity /
- Depression /
- Regression analysis /
- Adolescent
注释:

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表 1 不同性别各学段MVPA是否达标青少年抑郁症状检出率比较

Table 1. Comparison of the detection rate of depressive symptoms among adolescents meeting or not meeting the MVPA standard by sex and academic period

性别	MVPA是否达标	初中				高中				合计
性别	MVPA是否达标	人数	检出人数	χ²值	P值	人数	检出人数	χ²值	P值	人数	检出人数	χ²值	P值
男	是	962	146(15.2)	10.68	< 0.01	775	156(20.1)	9.81	< 0.01	1 737	302(17.4)	24.63	< 0.01
	否	1 033	215(20.8)			1 290	338(26.2)			2 323	553(23.8)
女	是	702	160(22.8)	14.31	< 0.01	558	154(27.6)	7.62	< 0.01	1 260	314(24.9)	23.63	< 0.01
	否	1 291	397(30.8)			1 491	507(34.0)			2 782	904(32.5)
合计	是	1 664	306(18.4)	34.54	< 0.01	1 333	310(23.3)	22.68	< 0.01	2 997	616(20.6)	63.27	< 0.01
	否	2 324	612(26.3)			2 781	845(30.4)			5 105	1 457(28.5)
注：()内数字为检出率/%。

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表 2 不同抑郁症状程度男生体力活动时长比较[M(P₂₅, P₇₅), min/周]

Table 2. Comparison of physical activity duration of male students with different depressive symptoms[M(P₂₅, P₇₅), min/week]

学段	抑郁症状	人数	统计值	LPA	MPA	VPA	MVPA
初中	无	1 634		205(100, 435)	270(122, 535)	85(3, 250)	425(215, 810)
	可能	173		190(60, 417)	280(120, 490)	95(21, 240)	418(242, 768)
	很可能	76		180(53, 380)	287(100, 619)	155(17, 362)	456(203, 954)
	严重	112		110(30, 360)	310(122, 655)	114(22, 301)	458(227, 1 131)
			H值	16.71	0.98	8.30	2.38
			P值	< 0.01	0.81	0.04	0.50
高中	无	1 571		240(100, 520)	210(100, 390)	90(0, 210)	340(180, 600)
	可能	222		250(100, 520)	233(120, 478)	78(0, 240)	356(180, 693)
	很可能	121		310(100, 540)	230(110, 443)	80(5, 234)	344(180, 660)
	严重	151		170(100, 400)	180(92, 371)	50(0, 156)	285(140, 600)
			H值	9.42	5.32	5.02	5.16
			P值	0.02	0.15	0.17	0.16
合计	无	3 205		220(100, 480)	240(110, 460)	85(0, 230)	380(197, 711)
	可能	395		225(100, 476)	255(120, 478)	80(16, 240)	382(200, 755)
	很可能	197		230(100, 500)	240(110, 555)	100(13, 270)	380(190, 780)
	严重	263		140(60, 380)	220(100, 513)	77(5, 215)	346(151, 755)
			H值	18.06	1.25	2.83	1.58
			P值	< 0.01	0.74	0.42	0.66

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表 3 不同抑郁症状程度女生体力活动时长比较[M(P₂₅, P₇₅), min/周]

Table 3. Comparison of physical activity duration of female students with different depressive symptoms[M(P₂₅, P₇₅), min/week]

学段	抑郁症状	人数	统计值	LPA	MPA	VPA	MVPA
初中	无	1 436		190(100, 400)	226(114, 434)	50(0, 130)	325(165, 573)
	可能	220		155(100, 368)	221(100, 429)	60(5, 170)	337(176, 590)
	很可能	126		181(90, 420)	184(80, 464)	69(20, 155)	362(143, 600)
	严重	211		145(50, 300)	256(115, 470)	100(20, 240)	402(200, 645)
			H值	11.77	3.62	25.00	6.82
			P值	0.01	0.31	< 0.01	0.08
高中	无	1 388		210(100, 450)	171(90, 343)	50(0, 120)	250(140, 480)
	可能	296		205(100, 487)	173(84, 332)	60(0, 140)	270(140, 484)
	很可能	157		140(10, 400)	240(100, 460)	70(20, 150)	350(150, 602)
	严重	208		140(33, 410)	158(72, 316)	60(0, 135)	250(123, 491)
			H值	17.54	6.23	10.64	6.24
			P值	< 0.01	0.10	0.01	0.10
合计	无	2 824		200(100, 420)	198(100, 399)	50(0, 120)	285(150, 530)
	可能	516		174(100, 410)	200(90, 400)	60(0, 150)	290(155, 511)
	很可能	283		160(60, 404)	207(90, 460)	70(20, 150)	350(150, 601)
	严重	419		140(35, 370)	200(91, 405)	75(15, 180)	325(155, 584)
			H值	25.02	0.76	29.54	4.10
			P值	< 0.01	0.86	< 0.01	0.25

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表 4 不同抑郁症状程度青少年体力活动时长比较[M(P₂₅, P₇₅), min/周]

Table 4. Comparison of physical activity duration of adolescents with different depressive symptoms[M(P₂₅, P₇₅), min/week]

学段	抑郁症状	人数	统计值	LPA	MPA	VPA	MVPA
初中	无	3 070		200(100, 420)	250(120, 485)	60(0, 200)	370(185, 710)
	可能	393		170(85, 380)	240(114, 450)	70(15, 210)	373(195, 663)
	很可能	202		180(80, 400)	215(80, 485)	90(20, 255)	398(160, 705)
	严重	323		130(30, 330)	260(120, 510)	100(20, 265)	420(215, 770)
			H值	30.25	3.54	19.80	3.21
			P值	< 0.01	0.32	< 0.01	0.36
高中	无	2 959		220(100, 500)	190(92, 370)	60(0, 165)	293(155, 548)
	可能	518		225(100, 500)	200(100, 400)	60(0, 160)	290150, 560)
	很可能	278		200(90, 460)	231(105, 460)	80(15, 180)	344(171, 640)
	严重	359		150(60, 410)	160(80, 340)	60(0, 145)	265(130, 540)
			H值	22.20	9.54	4.00	8.62
			P值	< 0.01	0.02	0.26	0.04
合计	无	6 029		205(100, 445)	220(105, 430)	60(0, 180)	330(170, 620)
	可能	911		200(100, 430)	220(100, 416)	63(5, 185)	329(167, 612)
	很可能	480		184(90, 438)	227(100, 467)	80(20, 200)	360(165, 650)
	严重	682		140(50, 380)	210(95, 450)	75(10, 200)	330(155, 640)
			H值	46.48	1.52	10.31	1.06
			P值	< 0.01	0.68	0.02	0.79

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