家庭功能与中小学生睡眠障碍及抑郁症状的关系

温福华; 周焕南; 涂南萍; 张敏; 袁均益; 范方

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.05.006

家庭功能与中小学生睡眠障碍及抑郁症状的关系

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.05.006

1.
广东省深圳市宝安区教育发展事业中心，518101
2.
深圳市宝安区教育科学研究院
3.
深圳市宝安区黄麻布学校
4.
华南师范大学心理学院/华南师范大学心理应用研究中心

基金项目:

广东省2021年度教育科学规划课题项目 2021JKDY 087

详细信息

作者简介:
温福华(1971-)，男，广东梅州人，大学本科，四级调研员，主要从事教育管理方面工作

通讯作者:
范方，E-mail：fangfan@scnu.edu.cn

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突
中图分类号: G444 G78 R179
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-12-30
- 修回日期: 2023-03-03
- 网络出版日期: 2023-05-25
- 刊出日期: 2023-05-25

Associations of family functioning with sleep disturbance and depressive symptoms among primary and secondary school students

1.
Shenzhen Baoan District Education Development Affairs Center, Shenzhen(518101), Guangdong Province, China

摘要

摘要: 目的探讨家庭功能与中小学生睡眠障碍及抑郁症状的关系，为预防中小学生抑郁的发生提供参考。方法采用便利抽样方法，招募深圳市宝安区124 357名中小学生。采用自编基本情况问卷、家庭APAGR指数问卷、青少年失眠自评量表和患者健康问卷分别考察学生的人口学特征、家庭功能、睡眠障碍和抑郁症状。结果 34.6%的学生存在中度障碍的家庭功能，8.7%存在严重障碍的家庭功能；中小学生睡眠障碍和抑郁症状的检出率分别为13.0%和13.1%，其中女生的睡眠障碍(14.6%)和抑郁症状检出率(16.8%)高于男生(11.6%，9.9%)，差异均有统计学意义(χ²值分别为255.25，1 269.50，P值均 < 0.01)；抑郁症状与睡眠障碍呈正相关(r=0.61)，与家庭功能呈负相关(r=-0.31)(P值均 < 0.01)；家庭功能在睡眠障碍和中小学生抑郁症状之间存在调节效应，随着家庭功能水平的增加，睡眠障碍对抑郁症状的正向预测效应减小。结论家庭功能可以缓冲睡眠障碍对中小学生抑郁症状的影响。应关注中小学生的睡眠质量，提升家庭功能，从而更好地减少和预防青少年抑郁的发生。
- 家庭 /
- 睡眠障碍 /
- 抑郁 /
- 精神卫生 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective The study aims to explore the associations of family functioning with sleep disturbance and depressive symptoms among primary and secondary school students, to provide scientific reference for preventing depression in primary and middle school students. Methods A convenience sampling method was used to recruit 124 357 primary and secondary school students in Baoan District, Shenzhen. A self-administered general information questionnaire, the Youth Self-Rating Insomnia Scale, and the Patient Heath Questionnaire-9 were used to assess the students' demographic characteristics, family functioning, sleep disturbance, and depressive symptoms. Results About 34.6% of students reported moderate family dysfunction, and 8.7% reported severe family dysfunction. The prevalence rates of sleep disturbance and depressive symptoms were 13.0% and 13.1% in elementary and secondary school students, respectively. The prevalence rates of sleep disturbance and depressive symptoms were statistically significantly higher in girls(14.6%, 16.8%) than boys(11.6%, 9.9%) (χ²=255.25, 1 269.50, P < 0.01). Depressive symptoms were positively correlated with sleep disturbance (r=0.61) and negatively correlated with family functioning (r=-0.31)(P < 0.01). Family functioning moderated the relationship between sleep disturbance and depressive symptoms, and the positive predictive effect of sleep disturbance on depressive symptoms decreases as the level of family functioning increases. Conclusion Family functioning buffers the effects of sleep disturbance on depressive symptoms among primary and secondary school students. Attention should be paid to sleep quality among primary and secondary school students, to improve their family functioning, and thus decrease and prevent the occurrence of depression in adolescents.
- Family /
- Sleep disorders /
- Depression /
- Mental health /
- Students
注释:

1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突

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表 1 不同人口学特征中小学生睡眠障碍和抑郁症状检出率比较

Table 1. Comparison of positive rate of sleep disturbance and depression symptoms of primary and secondary school students with different characteristics

人口统计学指标	选项	人数	统计值	睡眠障碍	抑郁症状
性别	男	67 382		7 803(11.6)	6 694(9.9)
	女	56 975		8 339(14.6)	9 554(16.8)
			χ²值	255.25	1 269.50
			P值	< 0.01	< 0.01
学段	小学	56 825		6 192(10.9)	5 079(8.9)
	初中	50 625		7 263(14.3)	7 936(15.7)
	高中	16 907		2 687(15.9)	3 233(19.1)
			χ²值	429.07	1 702.10
			P值	< 0.01	< 0.01
父母婚姻状况	良好	117 472		14 829(12.6)	14 798(12.6)
	离异/分居/丧偶	6 885		1 313(19.1)	1 450(21.1)
			χ²值	239.32	410.13
			P值	< 0.01	< 0.01
父亲学历	小学及以下	5 755		1 009(17.5)	1 106(19.2)
	初中	34 685		4 574(13.2)	4 746(13.7)
	高中	37 719		4 821(12.8)	4 742(12.6)
	专科/本科及以上	46 198		5 738(12.4)	5 654(12.2)
			χ²值	121.04	239.34
			P值	< 0.01	< 0.01
母亲学历	小学及以下	10 055		1 618(16.1)	1 730(17.2)
	初中	38 607		4 899(12.7)	5 114(13.2)
	高中	34 750		4 408(12.7)	4 393(12.6)
	专科/本科及以上	40 945		5 217(12.7)	5 011(12.2)
			χ²值	93.81	182.98
			P值	< 0.01	< 0.01
独生子女	是	23 898		2 947(12.3)	2 970(12.4)
	否	100 459		13 195(13.1)	13 278(13.2)
			χ²值	11.02	10.59
			P值	< 0.01	< 0.01
注：()内数字为检出率/%。

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表 2 家庭功能在中小学生睡眠障碍和抑郁症状间的调节效应检验(n=124 357)

Table 2. Regression results of testing the moderation of family function in the relationships between sleep disturbance and depressive symptoms(n=124 357)

变量	β值(β值95%CI)	标准误	P值
睡眠障碍	0.501(0.498~0.507)	0.002	< 0.01
家庭功能	-0.217(-0.222~-0.213)	0.002	< 0.01
睡眠障碍×家庭功能	-0.050(-0.053~-0.046)	0.002	< 0.01

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