青少年非自杀性自伤行为与抑郁症状的相关性

袁勇; 干敏雷; 尹小俭; 吴慧攀; 申晋波; 马渊源; 侯宇欣; 李勇; 张冬茹; 刘媛

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.05.005

青少年非自杀性自伤行为与抑郁症状的相关性

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.05.005

袁勇¹,
干敏雷²,
尹小俭^3, ,,
吴慧攀⁴,
申晋波⁴,
马渊源⁴,
侯宇欣⁵,
李勇⁶,
张冬茹⁶,
刘媛⁷

1.
上海理工大学体育教学部，上海 200093
2.
华东政法大学体育部
3.
上海应用技术大学经济与管理学院
4.
太原工业学院儿童青少年健康促进研究中心
5.
山西大学体育学院
6.
太原工业学院体育系
7.
华东师范大学体育与健康学院

基金项目:

2023年度上海市教育科学研究项目 C2023267

详细信息

作者简介:
袁勇(1976-)，男，江西上饶人，硕士，副教授，主要研究方向为学校体育学

通讯作者:
尹小俭，E-mail：xjyin1965@163.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突
中图分类号: B844.2 R179
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-11-07
- 修回日期: 2023-04-18
- 网络出版日期: 2023-05-25
- 刊出日期: 2023-05-25

Correlation analysis between non-suicidal self-injury behavior and depressive symptoms in adolescents

1.
Physical Education Department of University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai(200093), China

摘要

摘要: 目的探讨青少年非自杀性自伤(non-suicidal self-injury, NSSI)行为与抑郁症状的相关性，为针对性改善青少年身心健康提供理论依据。方法采用随机整群抽样法在上海、乌鲁木齐、长沙、昆明4座城市选择共8 102名12~17岁青少年，采用流调中心用抑郁量表(CES-D)和青少年非自杀性自伤行为评定问卷调查被试者的抑郁症状以及NSSI行为发生情况。采用χ²检验、单因素分析以及Logistic回归分析对NSSI行为与抑郁症状的关系进行分析。结果青少年NSSI总体检出率为24.6%，其中男生(23.1%)检出率低于女生(26.2%)(χ²=10.97，P＜0.05)，初中和高中总体检出率分别为24.7%和24.6%，差异无统计学意义(χ²=0.01，P > 0.05)。伴NSSI组青少年抑郁症状总体检出率为49.7%，不伴NSSI组的检出率为17.7%，差异有统计学意义(χ²=808.80，P < 0.01)。在不同性别和年龄段中，伴NSSI组(男生：44.0%，女生：54.7%；初中：49.6%，高中：49.8%)与不伴NSSI组(14.2%，21.4%，14.3%，21.0%)青少年抑郁症状检出率差异均有统计学意义(χ²值分别为385.58，412.44，520.60，313.78，P值均 < 0.01)。Logistic回归模型在调整性别和年龄因素后，偶发自伤行为和频发自伤行为青少年的抑郁症状检出率分别为无自伤行为者的2.65倍(95%CI=2.27~3.09)和7.28倍(95%CI=6.34~8.37)。NSSI状态与抑郁症状间的关联未见性别差异(性别交互作用P > 0.05)。结论青少年NSSI行为与抑郁症状呈正相关，应关注青少年身心健康以减少NSSI的发生。
- 自我伤害行为 /
- 抑郁 /
- 回归分析 /
- 青少年 /
- 精神卫生
Abstract: Objective To explore the correlation between non-suicidal self-injury(NSSI) behaviors and depressive symptoms in adolescents and to provide a theoretical basis for improvement of adolescent physical and mental health. Methods A total of 8 102 adolescents aged 12-17 years were selected by random cluster sampling method in Shanghai, Urumqi, Changsha and Kunming, using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) and the Adolescent Non-Suicidal Self-Injurious Behavior Assessment Questionnaire. Depressive symptoms and the occurrence of NSSI behaviors were assessed. The relationship between NSSI behaviors and depressive symptoms was analyzed using Chi-square test, one-way analysis and Logistic regression analysis. Results The overall detection rate of NSSI in adolescents, 24.6%, with a significantly lower detection rate in boys (23.1%) than in girls (26.2%) (χ²=10.97, P < 0.05), and 24.7%, 24.6% in the middle school and high school segments, respectively, but the difference was not statistically significant (χ²=0.01, P>0.05). The overall detection rate of adolescent depressive symptoms was 49.7% in the group with NSSI and 17.7% in the group without NSSI, with statistically significant differences (χ²=808.80, P < 0.01). The detection rates of adolescent depressive symptoms in the group with NSSI (male: 44.0%, female: 54.7%, middle school: 49.6%, high school: 49.8%) and the group without NSSI (male: 14.2%, female: 21.4%, middle school: 14.3%, high school: 21.0%) were statistically significant by sex and age groups (χ²=385.58, 412.44, 520.60, 313.78, P < 0.01). Logistic regression models, after adjusting for gender and age, the risk for depressive symptoms was 2.65 times (95%CI=2.27-3.09) and 7.28 times (95%CI=6.34-8.37) more frequently in adolescents with episodic self-injurious behavior and frequent self-injurious behavior, respectively, compared to those without self-injurious behavior. The association between NSSI status and depressive symptoms did not show sex differences (P > 0.05). Conclusion Adolescent NSSI behavior is positively associated with depressive symptoms, the attention should be paid to adolescent physical and mental health to reduce the occurrence of NSSI.
- Self-injurious behavior /
- Depression /
- Regression analysis /
- Adolescent /
- Mental health
注释:

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表 1 不同性别不同NSSI行为各学段青少年抑郁症状检出率比较

Table 1. Comparison of detection rates of depressive symptoms among different sex and NSSI of adolescents at each academic period

性别	NSSI情况	初中				高中				合计
性别	NSSI情况	人数	检出人数	χ2值	P值	人数	检出人数	χ2值	P值	人数	检出人数	χ2值	P值
男	伴	431	185(42.9)	228.67	< 0.01	505	227(45.0)	162.41	< 0.01	936	412(44.0)	385.58	< 0.01
	不伴	1 564	176(11.3)			1 560	267(17.1)			3 124	443(14.2)
女	伴	553	303(54.8)	273.89	< 0.01	507	277(54.6)	154.35	< 0.01	1 060	580(54.7)	412.44	< 0.01
	不伴	1 440	254(17.6)			1 542	384(24.9)			2 982	638(21.4)
合计	伴	984	488(49.6)	520.60	< 0.01	1 012	504(49.8)	313.78	< 0.01	1 996	992(49.7)	808.80	< 0.01
	不伴	3 004	430(14.3)			3 102	651(21.0)			6 106	1 081(17.7)
注：()内数字为检出率/%。

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表 2 青少年抑郁症状单因素分析

Table 2. Univariate comparison of depressive symptom in adolescent

因素	选项	人数	抑郁症状检出人数	χ2值	P值
地区	上海	2 022	504(24.9)	9.01	0.03
	乌鲁木齐	1 949	457(23.4)
	长沙	2 149	577(26.8)
	昆明	1 982	535(27.0)
城乡	城市	5 642	1 397(24.8)	6.65	0.01
	乡村	2 460	676(27.5)
SES	低	2 582	694(26.9)	3.33	0.19
	中	2 746	685(24.9)
	高	2 774	694(25.0)
性别	女	4 042	1 218(30.1)	87.60	< 0.01
	男	4 060	855(21.1)
年龄/岁	12	1 354	280(20.7)	43.88	< 0.01
	13	1 325	320(24.2)
	14	1 309	318(24.3)
	15	1 371	358(26.1)
	16	1 385	373(26.9)
	17	1 358	424(31.2)
BMI	消瘦	280	62(22.1)	2.00	0.57
	正常	5 730	1 473(25.7)
	超重	1 462	380(26.0)
	肥胖	630	158(25.1)
PFI	低等级	6 077	1 599(26.3)	6.73	0.01
	高等级	2 025	474(23.4)
NSSI	无	6 106	1 081(17.7)	954.36	< 0.01
	偶发	885	323(36.5)
	频发	1 111	669(60.2)
注：()内数字为检出率/%。

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表 3 青少年NSSI与抑郁症状的二元Logistic回归分析(n=8 102)

Table 3. Ordinal Logstic regression of NSSI and depressive symptoms in adolescents(n=8 102)

自变量	选项	β值	标准误	OR值(OR值95%CI)	Wald χ²值	P值
性别	女	0.49	0.06	1.62(1.46~1.81)	77.39	< 0.01
年龄		0.12	0.02	1.13(1.10~1.16)	59.90	< 0.01
PFI	低等级	0.20	0.07	1.22(1.08~1.39)	9.67	< 0.01
NSSI	偶发	0.98	0.08	2.65(2.27~3.09)	154.71	< 0.01
	频发	1.99	0.07	7.28(6.34~8.37)	780.53	< 0.01
注：性别以男生为参照，PFI以高等级为参照，NSSI以无自伤行为为参考；年龄为连续型变量。

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