苏州市高新区学龄前儿童远视储备相关因素分析

汪玉; 朱虹; 朱光伟; 潘虹; 钱登娟; 李娟; 高红琴

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.04.028

苏州市高新区学龄前儿童远视储备相关因素分析

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.04.028

汪玉¹,
朱虹¹,
朱光伟¹,
潘虹^2, ,,
钱登娟²,
李娟²,
高红琴²

1.
苏州大学苏州医学院公共卫生学院，江苏 215123
2.
苏州高新区妇幼保健计划生育服务中心

基金项目:

江苏省妇幼健康科研项目 F201956

详细信息

作者简介:
汪玉(1997-)，女，安徽芜湖人，在读硕士，主要研究方向为儿童与青少年健康

通讯作者:
潘虹，E-mail: 25005524@qq.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R778.1⁺² R179 G78
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-11-01
- 修回日期: 2023-03-07
- 网络出版日期: 2023-04-26
- 刊出日期: 2023-04-25

Factors associated with hyperopia reserve among preschoolers in Suzhou High-tech Zone

1.
Department of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou(215123), Jiangsu Province, China

摘要

摘要: 目的了解学龄前儿童的远视储备影响因素，为开展预防儿童近视工作提供科学依据。方法于2020年9—12月对苏州市高新区5 087名4岁学龄前儿童进行视力筛查，并对抚养人进行问卷调查。对影响学龄前儿童远视储备的影响因素进行单因素分析和Logistic回归模型分析。结果学龄前儿童中远视储备不足人数为997人，检出率为19.6%。Logistic回归分析显示，女童[OR(95%CI)=0.81(0.70~0.93)]、无食物性过敏原[OR(95%CI)=0.78(0.63~0.96)]与学龄前儿童远视储备不足检出呈负相关；父亲屈光异常[OR(95%CI)=1.20(1.03~1.39)]、母亲屈光异常[OR(95%CI)=1.17(1.01~1.36)]、学龄前儿童夜间睡觉使用小夜灯 < 1 h[OR(95%CI)=1.53(1.21~1.92)]和1~3 h[OR(95%CI)=1.48(1.09~2.00)]、蔬菜摄入不足[OR(95%CI)=1.26(1.07~1.46)]与学龄前儿童远视储备不足检出呈正相关(P值均 < 0.05)。结论父母屈光异常、夜间睡眠环境、饮食因素与学龄前儿童远视储备不足均具有潜在关联，应积极采取相应措施，改善学龄前儿童远视储备。
- 远视 /
- 回归分析 /
- 儿童，学龄前 /
- 视力普查
Abstract: Objective To investigate the influencing factors of preschoolers' hyperopia reserve, and to provide a scientific basis for preschoolers to prevent myopia. Methods Visual screening and a questionnaire survey were conducted on 5 087 4-year-old children in Suzhou High-tech Zone from September to December in 2020. The influencing factors of children's hyperopia reserve were analyzed by univariate analysis and Logistic regression model. Results A total of 997(19.6%) children had hyperopia reserve deficiency. Logistic regression showed that the negative factors associated with hyperopia reserve included being girl(OR=0.81, 95%CI=0.70-0.93), no food allergy(OR=0.78, 95%CI=0.63-0.96); and the positive factors included father myopia(OR=1.20, 95%CI=1.03-1.39), mother myopia(OR=1.17, 95%CI=1.01-1.36), exposure of night lights(for less than 1 hour: OR=1.53, 95%CI=1.21-1.92; for 1 to 3 hours: OR=1.48, 95%CI=1.09-2.00), insufficient vegetable intake(OR=1.26, 95%CI=1.07-1.46)(P < 0.05). Conclusion Parental myopia, nighttime sleep environment and dietary factors have potential associations with hyperopia reserve deficiency among children. Corresponding measures should be actively taken to improve the preschoolers' hyperopia reserve.
- Hyperopia /
- Regression analysis /
- Child, preschool /
- Vision Screening
注释:

1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。

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表 1 4岁学龄前儿童远视储备不足单因素分析

Table 1. Univariate analysis of hyperopia reserve deficiency in 4-year-old preschoolers

因素	人数	远视储备不足	χ²值	P值
性别
女	2 426	432(17.81)	9.45	< 0.01
男	2 661	565(21.23)
父亲屈光
异常	2 587	555(21.45)	11.49	< 0.01
正常	2 500	442(17.68)
母亲屈光
异常	2 717	578(21.27)	10.29	< 0.01
正常	2 370	419(17.68)
每天夜间睡眠时间/h
11	4 386	880(20.06)	4.37	0.04
≥11	701	117(16.69)
夜间睡觉每天使用小夜灯时间/h
0	3 763	698(18.55)	19.87	< 0.01
< 1	438	115(26.26)
1~3	242	61(25.21)
>3	644	123(19.10)
蔬菜摄入
适宜	2 162	385(17.81)	8.00	0.02
不足	1 984	421(21.22)
过量	941	191(20.30)
食物性过敏原
无	4 531	864(19.07)	7.27	0.01
有	556	133(23.92)
父母认为的视力防护开始时间
幼儿出生	4 253	857(20.15)	4.93	0.03
3岁及以后	834	140(16.79)
注： ()内数字为检出率/%。

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表 2 4岁学龄前儿童远视储备不足多因素Logistic回归分析(n=5 087)

Table 2. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis of hyperopia reserve deficiency in 4-year-old preschoolers(n=5 087)

自变量	β值	标准误	P值	OR值(OR值95%CI)
性别
男				1.00
女	-0.22	0.07	< 0.01	0.81(0.70~0.93)
父亲屈光
正常				1.00
异常	0.18	0.08	0.02	1.20(1.03~1.39)
母亲屈光
正常				1.00
异常	0.16	0.08	0.04	1.17(1.01~1.36)
夜间睡觉每天使用小夜灯时间/h
0				1.00
< 1	0.42	0.12	< 0.01	1.53(1.21~1.92)
1~3	0.39	0.16	0.01	1.48(1.09~2.00)
>3	0.04	0.11	0.72	1.04(0.84~1.29)
蔬菜摄入
适宜				1.00
不足	0.26	0.11	0.01	1.25(1.07~1.46)
过量	0.22	0.08	0.11	1.17(0.97~1.43)
食物性过敏原
有				1.00
无	-0.16	0.10	0.02	0.78(0.63~0.96)

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