中国世居高原藏族儿童青少年身体活动与体质健康水平相关性

张李强; 高会娜; 李利强

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.04.015

中国世居高原藏族儿童青少年身体活动与体质健康水平相关性

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.04.015

张李强^{1, 2},
高会娜^3, ,,
李利强^{2, 4}

1.
西藏民族大学高原体育与健康研究中心, 陕西咸阳 712082
2.
西藏民族大学体育学院
3.
陕西国际商贸学院体育部
4.
华东师范大学体育与健康学院

基金项目:

陕西省教育厅年度专项科学研究计划项目 19JK0883

详细信息

作者简介:
张李强(1985-)，男，陕西佳县人，硕士，讲师，主要研究方向为藏族儿童青少年体育行为与健康促进

通讯作者:
高会娜, E-mail: 407669599@qq.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: G804.49 R179
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-11-01
- 修回日期: 2023-02-04
- 网络出版日期: 2023-04-26
- 刊出日期: 2023-04-25

The correlation between physical activity and fitness of the Tibetan children and adolescents living on the plateau in China

ZHANG Liqiang^{1, 2},
GAO Huina^{3
, ,},
LI Liqiang^{2, 4}

1.
Highland Sports and Health Research Center, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang(712082), Shaanxi Province, China

摘要

摘要: 目的了解中国世居高原(西藏)藏族儿童青少年身体活动(PA)、体质健康水平特征, 为藏族儿童青少年健康全面发展提供理论依据。方法采用分层整群抽样的方法, 于2019年5-6月选取世居西藏高原7个市(区)8 945名藏族儿童青少年为研究对象, 通过问卷调查法和测量法展开横断面调查, 采用独立样本t检验、单因素方差分析和Pearson相关分析探讨PA与体质健康水平特征。结果藏族儿童青少年的PA、体质健康水平在性别、学段、居住区域等方面的差异均有统计学意义(P值均 < 0.05)。PA得分男生(2.79±0.58)高于女生(2.51±0.56), 体质健康水平得分则是女生(62.40±25.55)高于男生(59.26±26.55);农村藏族儿童青少年PA得分(2.59±0.55)低于城镇, 体质健康水平得分(61.53±26.53)仅低于县城; 七至九年级藏族儿童青少年PA得分(2.60±0.58)最低, 体质健康水平(57.62±24.33)则是五至六年级学生最低。藏族儿童青少年的PA和体质健康水平相关性无统计学意义(r=-0.01, P>0.05)。结论藏族儿童青少年的PA和体质健康水平欠佳。学校、家庭和社会等应多方面配合, 积极采取措施, 提升藏族儿童青少年的体质健康水平。
- 运动活动 /
- 体质 /
- 方差分析 /
- 学生 /
- 少数民族
Abstract: Objective To learn about the characteristics of physical activity (PA) and physical fitness, and to provide basis for the health and development of the Tibetan students. Methods The cluster stratified random sampling was used, and 8 945 Tibetan students in Tibet were selected in May to June, 2019, and were administrated with questionnaire.Independent samples t-test, one-way ANOVA and Pearson correlation analysis were used. Results There were significant differences of PA, and physical fitness by gender, grade and living area among Tibetan adolescents (P < 0.05).The PA score of boys (2.79±0.58) was higher than that of girls (2.51±0.56), while the physical fitness level of girls (62.40±25.55) was higher than that of boys (59.26±26.55).The PA score (2.59±0.55) of rural Tibetan children and youth was lower than those of urban areas, while the physical fitness level (61.53±26.53) was only lower than that of county area; the PA score (2.60±0.58) of Tibetan children and youth was the lowest for grade 7 and 9, while physical fitness level (57.62±24.33) was the lowest for grade 5 and 6.PA was not significantly correlated with physical fitness of Tibetan adolescents (r=-0.01, P>0.05). Conclusion Lack of physical activity and poor physical fitness are observed in Tibetan adolescents.It is suggested that schools, families and society should cooperate in various aspects and actively take measures to improve the physical health level of Tibetan children and adolescents.
- Motor activity /
- Body constitution /
- Analysis of variance /
- Students /
- Minority groups
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表 1 不同组别藏族儿童青少年PA与体质健康水平比较(x±s)

Table 1. Comparison of PA and physics levels among Tibetan children and adolescents between different groups(x±s)

组别	选项	人数	统计值	PA	体质健康水平
性别	男	3 901		2.79±0.58	59.26±26.55
	女	5 044		2.51±0.56	62.40±25.55
			t值	23.41	-5.65
			P值	＜0.01	＜0.01
学段	四年级	70		2.70±0.64	66.92±5.62
	五至六年级	1 159		2.69±0.61	57.62±24.33
	七至九年级	3 387		2.60±0.58	64.62±25.49
	十至十二年级	4 329		2.64±0.59	59.04±26.76
			F值	8.08	38.11
			P值	＜0.01	＜0.01
居住区域	城市	3 892		2.64±0.62	61.51±25.18
	县城	920		2.66±0.58	61.71±25.62
	乡镇	1 536		2.67±0.60	58.57±27.44
	农村	2 597		2.59±0.55	61.53±26.53
			F值	6.17	5.55
			P值	＜0.01	＜0.01

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