澳门中一至中四青少年尝试电子烟现状及影响因素

殷琪淇; 邓志豪

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.04.012

澳门中一至中四青少年尝试电子烟现状及影响因素

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.04.012

殷琪淇,
邓志豪^,

澳门卫生局预防及控制吸烟办公室, 澳门 999078

详细信息

作者简介:
殷琪淇(1988-)，女，中国澳门人，硕士，医师，主要研究方向为健康教育、烟草危害防控

通讯作者:
邓志豪, E-mail: macaotch@gmail.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R179 G478
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-11-25
- 修回日期: 2023-01-17
- 网络出版日期: 2023-04-26
- 刊出日期: 2023-04-25

Attempts to e-cigarettes use and associated factors among junior middle school students from grade 1 to 4 in Macao

YIN Qiqi,
TANG Chiho^,

Tobacco Prevention and Control Office, Macao Health Bureau, Macao(999078), China

摘要

摘要: 目的了解澳门青少年尝试电子烟的现状及影响因素, 为制定防制青少年使用电子烟的干预策略提供依据。方法数据来源于项目"澳门青少年烟草使用调查2021"收集的有效问卷2 683份, 进行样本加权后代表澳门19 480名中一至中四青少年。采用多因素Logistic回归分析对问卷中可能影响青少年尝试电子烟的因素进行分析。结果调查对象尝试电子烟报告率为11.3%(95%CI=10.2%~12.6%), 男生(12.1%)高于女生(10.5%), 差异有统计学意义(χ²=11.01, P < 0.01)。年龄大(14~16岁, ≥17岁)、每周可支配零用钱多、肯定认为电子烟比卷烟危害少、12个月内在课堂中被教过电子烟危害知识、肯定认为电子烟使年轻人更有吸引力、7 d内曾在家暴露于二手烟、30 d内曾在互联网看到烟草广告、父母任意一方吸烟、最好朋友中有人吸烟与尝试电子烟行为呈正相关(OR值分别为1.48, 3.01, 1.79, 1.34, 1.67, 1.27, 1.33, 1.34, 1.58, 3.53, P值均 < 0.01)。结论澳门青少年尝试电子烟的情况较普遍, 影响因素多而复杂。应加强社会多方合作, 通过针对性的综合措施推进防制青少年使用电子烟。
- 吸烟 /
- 电子烟 /
- 健康教育 /
- 回归分析 /
- 青少年
Abstract: Objective To understand the current status and influencing factors of attempts to e-cigarettes use among Macao teenager, and to provide evidence for strategies to prevent and control the use of e-cigarettes among teenager. Methods Research data was 2 683 valid questionnaires collected from the"Macao Youth Tobacco Use Survey 2021", representing 19 480 teenagers from grade 1 to 4 in junior middle schools in Macao after sample weighting.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the factors that may influencing attempts to e-cigarettes use. Results The total percent of attempt using e-cigarettes was 11.3%(95%CI=10.2%-12.6%), and male (12.1%) was higher than female (10.5%), the difference was statistically significant (χ²=11.01, P < 0.01).Older adolescents (14-16, ≥17 years old), having more pocket money per week, believing e-cigarettes to be less harmful, having been taught about the hazards of e-cigarettes within 12 months, definitely believing that e-cigarettes maked teenager more attractive, having been exposed to second-hand smoke at home within 7 days, having seen tobacco advertisements on the Internet within 30 days, smoking by either parent, smoking among best friends were positively associated with attempts to e-cigarettes use (OR=1.48, 3.01, 1.79, 1.34, 1.67, 1.27, 1.33, 1.34, 1.58, 3.53, P < 0.01). Conclusion Attempts to e-cigarettes use is common among Macao teenagers, and there are many complex influencing factors.It is recommended to strengthen whole society cooperation and promote the prevention and control of teenager's use of e-cigarettes through more targeted comprehensive measures.
- Smoking /
- Electronic cigarette /
- Health education /
- Regression analysis /
- Adolescent
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表 1 不同组别澳门青少年尝试电子烟报告率比较

Table 1. Comparison of the report rate of attempts to e-cigarettes use among different groups of teenagers in Macao

组别	选项	人数	尝试电子烟人数	尝试电子烟报告率(95%CI)/%	χ²值	P值
性别	男	1 469	173	12.1(10.5~13.9)	11.01	< 0.01
	女	1 214	131	10.5(8.9~12.4)
年龄/岁^a	≤13	973	76	7.8(6.3~9.7)	245.49^b	< 0.01
	14~16	1 563	191	12.0(10.5~13.7)
	≥17	146	37	24.8(18.5~32.6)
年级	中一和中二	1 511	150	9.8(8.4~11.5)	61.68^b	< 0.01
	中三	646	77	11.8(9.6~14.6)
	中四	526	77	14.2(11.5~17.5)
每周可支配零	< 100	1 036	75	7.3(5.8~9.1)	500.33^b	< 0.01
用钱/元^a	100~299	855	86	9.6(7.8~11.8)
	300~499	418	57	14.1(11.0~17.8)
	≥500	370	86	23.3(19.2~28.0)
注：尝试电子烟报告率为加权百分率，a数据有缺失，b为趋势χ²检验。

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表 2 澳门中一至中四青少年尝试电子烟相关因素的Logistic回归分析(n=2 683)

Table 2. Logistic regression analysis of related factors of attempts to e-cigarettes use among Macao grade 1 to 4 teenagers(n=2 683)

常量与自变量	选项	β值	标准误	Wald χ²值	P值	OR值(OR值95%CI)
常量		-1.57	0.12	166.85	< 0.01	0.21
年龄/岁				73.49	< 0.01
	14~16	0.39	0.09	18.31	< 0.01	1.48(1.24~1.78)
	≥17	1.10	0.13	71.78	< 0.01	3.01(2.33~3.88)
年级				8.31	0.04
	中二	-0.11	0.09	1.30	0.26	0.90(0.75~1.08)
	中三	-0.27	0.11	6.42	0.01	0.76(0.62~0.94)
	中四	-0.09	0.11	0.66	0.42	0.92(0.74~1.13)
每周可支配零用钱/元				52.12	< 0.01
	100~299	0.13	0.08	2.82	0.09	1.14(0.98~1.32)
	300~499	0.16	0.09	3.44	0.06	1.17(0.99~1.39)
	≥500	0.58	0.08	47.85	< 0.01	1.79(1.52~2.11)
是否肯定认为电子烟比卷烟危害少	是	0.29	0.07	16.07	< 0.01	1.34(1.16~1.55)
30 d内是否在媒体接触过反电子烟信息	是	-0.21	0.07	10.42	< 0.01	0.81(0.71~0.92)
12个月内，是否在课堂中被教过关于电子烟危害知识	是	0.51	0.06	69.64	< 0.01	1.67(1.48~1.88)
是否能肯定拒绝一个最好朋友给你电子烟	是	-2.28	0.08	839.03	< 0.01	0.10(0.09~0.12)
是否肯定认为吸电子烟会使年轻人更有吸引力	是	0.24	0.07	10.16	< 0.01	1.27(1.10~1.47)
7 d内，是否在家中暴露于二手烟	是	0.28	0.07	17.96	< 0.01	1.33(1.16~1.51)
30 d内，是否在媒体接触过反吸烟信息	是	-0.19	0.06	8.87	< 0.01	0.83(0.73~0.94)
30 d内，是否在互联网看到烟草产品广告	是	0.29	0.07	19.75	< 0.01	1.34(1.18~1.52)
是否能肯定拒绝一个最好朋友给你烟草制品	是	-0.29	0.08	14.82	< 0.01	0.75(0.64~0.87)
是否肯定认为一旦吸烟很难戒断	是	-0.19	0.06	10.02	< 0.01	0.83(0.73~0.93)
父母是否有任意一方吸烟	是	0.46	0.07	46.16	< 0.01	1.58(1.39~1.81)
最好朋友中是否有人吸烟	是	1.26	0.06	414.02	< 0.01	3.53(3.13~3.98)
是否肯定认为吸烟损害健康	是	-0.58	0.09	44.73	< 0.01	0.56(0.47~0.66)
注：年龄以≤13岁为参照，年级以中一为参照，每周可支配零用钱以 < 100元为参照，其余自变量均以否为参照。

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