四川省某市中学生性侵害现状及相关因素分析

陈敏燕; 王进鑫; 程静

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.04.011

四川省某市中学生性侵害现状及相关因素分析

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.04.011

成都工业学院四川性社会学与性教育研究中心, 四川 611730

基金项目:

2019年四川省社科规划项目 SC19EZD009

详细信息

作者简介:
陈敏燕(1986-)，女，四川仁寿人，硕士，副教授，主要研究方向为青少年性教育

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R193 R179
计量
- 文章访问数: 609
- HTML全文浏览量: 267
- PDF下载量: 71
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-11-03
- 修回日期: 2023-01-10
- 网络出版日期: 2023-04-26
- 刊出日期: 2023-04-25

Sexual assault and associated factors among middle school students in one city of Sichuan Province

Sichuan Research Center for Sociology of Sexuality and Sex Education, Chengdu Technological University, Chengdu(610073), China

摘要

摘要: 目的了解中学生性侵害现状及相关因素, 为促进中学生的安全及健康成长提供依据。方法采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法, 于2020年4-5月对四川省某市1 471名中学生的性侵害现状进行问卷调查。结果中学生遭受过强奸、性猥亵、性骚扰的比例分别为1.6%, 3.7%, 9.4%。23.8%的中学生遭受过2种及以上的性侵害; 75.1%~82.1%的性侵害发生于9~15岁; 36.3%~62.3%的性侵害主体为同辈熟人。看过色情信息与遭受3类性侵害均呈正相关(强奸: OR=9.93, 95% CI=3.09~27.57;性猥亵OR=7.83, 95% CI=3.95~15.53;性骚扰OR=5.22, 95% CI=3.52~7.73, P值均 < 0.01);自我性别认同不良与遭受性猥亵和性骚扰均呈正相关(性猥亵: OR=2.37, 95% CI=1.31~4.29;性骚扰OR=1.73, 95% CI=1.16~2.58, P值均 < 0.01)。母亲的长时间缺失与中学生遭受强奸呈正相关(OR=3.10, 95% CI=1.31~7.30), 接受过父亲性教育与遭受性猥亵呈正相关(OR=2.52, 95% CI=1.26~5.03)(P值均 < 0.05)。结论中学生看过色情信息是遭受各类性侵害的共同相关因素, 性别认同不良是性猥亵和性骚扰的共同相关因素。应提升家庭、学校性教育能力, 关注中学生性别认同和性心理健康状况。
- 性 /
- 暴力 /
- 健康教育 /
- 回归分析 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective To understand the current situation and influencing factors of sexual assault among middle school students, and to provide a basis for promoting healthy psychosocial environment for children and adolescents. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 1 471 middle school students in one city of Sichuan Province from April to May 2020 using multi-stage stratified cluster sampling. Results The proportion of middle school students who have been raped, indecent assault and sexual assault was 1.6%, 3.7% and 9.4%, respectively.About 23.8% of them had suffered two or more types of sexual assault; 75.1% to 82.1% of sexual assault occurred between the ages of 9 and 15.Between 36.3% and 62.3% of sexual assault subjects were acquaintances of the same generation.Pornography exposure was the same risk factor for the three types of sexual assault (rape: OR=9.93, 95% CI=3.09-27.57;sexual obscenity: OR=7.83, 95% CI=3.95-15.53;sexual harassment: OR=5.22, 95% CI=3.52-7.73, P < 0.01).Low gender identity was the same risk factor for both suffering sexual obscenity and sexual harassment (sexual obscenity: OR=2.37, 95% CI=1.31-4.29;sexual harassment: OR=1.73, 95% CI=1.16-2.58, P < 0.01).The long-term absence of mothers was a risk factor for suffering sexual rape among middle school students (OR=3.10, 95% CI=1.31-7.30), as well as father's sex education was a risk factor for suffering sexual obscenity among middle school students (OR=2.52, 95% CI=1.26-5.03)(P < 0.01). Conclusion Pornography exposure is the same risk factor for all types of sexual assault among middle school students.Low gender identity is the same risk factor for indecent assault and sexual harassment.Sexual education capabilities of families and schools should be improved, and attention should be paid to the gender identity and sexual mental health of middle school students.
- Sex /
- Violence /
- Health education /
- Regression analysis /
- Students
注释:

1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。

HTML全文

表 1 中学生初次经历性侵害的年龄分布/%

Table 1. Initial age statistics of middle school students experiencing sexual assault/%

类型	人数	< 6岁	6~9岁	>9~12岁	>12~15岁	>15~18岁
强奸	23	5.3	5.3	47.4	31.6	10.5
性猥亵	50	2.1	10.5	16.7	58.4	12.5
性骚扰	126	0.8	8.9	51.2	30.9	8.1

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 中学生经历性侵害的实施者分布/%

Table 2. Perpetrators statistics of middle school students experiencing sexual assault/%

类型	人数	陌生人	长辈/ 亲人	老师	同学/ 朋友	恋人/ 配偶	邻居(不是亲人)	其他
强奸	23	18.2	9.1	0	22.7	13.6	9.1	27.3
性猥亵	50	28.0	2.0	2.0	36.0	14.0	8.0	10.0
性骚扰	126	27.7	3.1	0	57.7	4.6	1.5	5.4

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(20)

[1]	龙迪. 综合防治儿童性侵犯专业指南[M]. 北京: 化学工业出版社, 2017: 22-23. LONG D. A professional guide to the comprehensive prevention and treatment of child sexual abuse[M]. Beijing: Chemical Industry Press, 2017: 22-23. (in Chinese)
[2]	孙晶. 我国社会转型期儿童性侵害现象的社会成因探究[J]. 齐鲁学刊, 2016(4): 109-115. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-022X.2016.04.018 SUN J. The social causes of the phenomenon of child sexual abuse in the period of social transformation in our country[J]. Qilu Acad J, 2016(4): 109-115. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-022X.2016.04.018
[3]	陈晶琦. 565名大学生儿童期性虐待经历回顾性调查[J]. 中华流行病学杂志, 2004, 25(10): 873-877. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZHLX200410014.htm CHEN J Q. A retrospective study on childhood sexual abuse of 565 college students[J]. Chin J Epidemiol, 2004, 25(10): 873-877. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZHLX200410014.htm
[4]	孙言平, 段亚平, 孙殿凤, 等. 701名女大学生儿童期性虐待回顾性调查[J]. 中华流行病学杂志, 2005, 26(12): 947-950. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZHLX200512008.htm SUN Y P, DUAN Y P, SUN D F, et al. A retrospective study of 701 female college students on childhood sexual abuse[J]. Chin J Epidemiol, 2005, 26(12): 947-950. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZHLX200512008.htm
[5]	李成齐. 大学生儿童期遭受性侵害的回顾性调查研究[J]. 中国特殊教育, 2008(4): 89-93. LI C Q. A retrospective study on sexual abuse of college students in childhood[J]. Chin J Spec Educ, 2008(4): 89-93. (in Chinese)
[6]	王进鑫. 青春期留守儿童性安全问题调查研究[J]. 青年研究, 2008(9): 7-14. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-QNYJ200809002.htm WANG J X. Investigation on sexual safety of left-behind children in adolescence[J]. Chin J Youth Stud, 2008(9): 7-14. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-QNYJ200809002.htm
[7]	赵军. 留守儿童性被害问题定量研究: 以"猥亵型性被害"为中心[J]. 东南大学学报(哲学社会科学版), 2019, 21(3): 14, 86-96. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DNDS201903009.htm ZHAO J. A quantitative study on the sexual victimization of left-behind children-centered on indecent sexual victimization[J]. J Southeast Univ(Philos Soc Sci), 2019, 21(3): 14, 86-96. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DNDS201903009.htm
[8]	何玲. 儿童性侵害与解决对策研究: 基于2013—2018年的相关数据[J]. 中国青年社会科学, 2019, 38(2): 133-140. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZQNZ201902018.htm HE L. Research on child sexual abuse and its countermeasures: based on relevant data from 2013 to 2018[J]. Chin J Youth Soc Sci, 2019, 38(2): 133-140. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZQNZ201902018.htm
[9]	曹波. 西南地区性侵害未成年人风险防控实证研究: 基于九十三起媒体报道热案的分析[J]. 贵州社会科学, 2020(12): 89-96. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GZSK202012013.htm CAO B. An empirical study on the prevention and control of the risk of sexual assault of minors in southwest China: an analysis based on 93 hot media cases[J]. Guizhou Soc Sci, 2020(12): 89-96. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GZSK202012013.htm
[10]	王进鑫. 儿童性安全现状及思考[J]. 青年研究, 2006(2): 39-43. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-QNYJ200602007.htm WANG J X. Current situation and consideration of child sexual safety[J]. Chin J Youth Stud, 2006(2): 39-43. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-QNYJ200602007.htm
[11]	李成齐. 大学生儿童期性侵害发生的家庭因素分析[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2008, 29(6): 536-537. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XIWS200806032.htm LI C Q. Analysis of family factors of childhood sexual abuse in college students[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2008, 29(6): 536-537. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XIWS200806032.htm
[12]	莫敏, 崔志鸿, 王晓刚, 等. 大四男生色情浏览现状调查及其与抑郁-焦虑-压力相关研究[J]. 第三军医大学学报, 2017, 39(11): 1183-1190. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DSDX201711022.htm MO M, CUI Z H, WAGN X G, et al, A survey on the current situation of porn browsing among male senior students and its correlation with depression-anxiety-stress[J]. J Third Milit Med Univ, 2017, 39(11): 1183-1190. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DSDX201711022.htm
[13]	刘丽芳. 大学生网络偏差行为的特点及其与心理需求网络满足的关系研究[D]. 武汉: 华中科技大学, 2012. LIU L F. A study on the characteristics of college students' network deviant behavior and its relationship with the network satisfaction of psychological needs[D]. Wuhan: Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 2012. (in Chinese)
[14]	吴愈晓, 王鹏, 杜思佳. 变迁中的中国家庭结构与青少年发展[J]. 中国社会科学, 2018(2): 98-120, 206-207. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZSHK201802005.htm WU Y X, WANG P, DU S J. Family structure and adolescent development in changing China[J]. Soc Sci Chin, 2018(2): 98-120, 206-207. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZSHK201802005.htm
[15]	卢凤, 秦梅, 朱传林. 青春期学生性心理健康及家庭影响因素分析[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2020, 41(7): 1047-1051. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2020.07.025 LU F, QIN M, ZHU C L. Psychosexual health among students during pubertal transition and associated family factors[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2020, 41(7): 1047-1051. (in Chinese) doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2020.07.025
[16]	王玲晓, 张丽娅, 王小荣, 等. 山东省青少年性心理健康状况调查[J]. 中国健康教育, 2018, 34(1): 7-9. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGJK201801002.htm WANG L X, ZHANG L Y, WANG X R, et al. Status of psychosexual health among adolescents in Shandong Province[J]. Chin J Health Educ, 2018, 34(1): 7-9. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGJK201801002.htm
[17]	常豫红, 游光富, 蒋德勇, 等. 四川农村幼儿园家长幼儿性教育相关知识知晓情况分析[J]. 现代预防医学, 2020, 47(17): 3133-3136. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XDYF202017018.htm CHANG Y H, YOU G F, JIANG D Y, et al. Awareness of early childhood sexual education knowledge among parents of rural kindergartens, Sichuan[J]. Mod Prev Med, 2020, 47(17): 3133-3136. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XDYF202017018.htm
[18]	全国人民代表大会常务委员会. 中华人民共和国未成年人保护法[A]. 2021-06-01. Standing Committee of the National People's Congress of the PRC. Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of Minors[A]. 2021-06-01. (in Chinese)
[19]	刘文利, 李佳洋. 中国学校性教育开展现状与对策[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2022, 43(12): 1761-1765, 1770. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.12.001 LIU W L, LI J Y. Issues and challenges of school-based sexuality education in China[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2022, 43(12): 1761-1765, 1770. (in Chinese) doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.12.001
[20]	曹云飞, 陈容, 郑璐璐, 等. 性心理健康视角下对青春期学生系统开展性教育的实效性[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2021, 42(11): 1744-1746, 1750. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.11.033 CAO Y F, CHEN R, ZHENG L L, et al. Effectiveness of systematic sex education for adolescent students from the perspective of sexual mental health[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2021, 42(11): 1744-1746, 1750. (in Chinese) doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.11.033