定向越野练习对小学生近视防控的干预效果评价

王龙; 刘静如; 刘阳

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.04.010

定向越野练习对小学生近视防控的干预效果评价

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.04.010

王龙¹,
刘静如²,
刘阳^3, ,

1.
西北工业大学体育部，陕西西安 710129
2.
西安邮电大学体育部
3.
陕西师范大学体育学院

基金项目:

陕西省教育科学规划课题项目 SGH20Y1061

陕西师范大学体育学院高水平培育项目 2022BA002

详细信息

作者简介:
王龙(1988-)，男，辽宁葫芦岛人，硕士，讲师，主要研究方向为体育教学

通讯作者:
刘阳，E-mail：liuyang0330@snnu.edu.cn

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R778.1 G663.96 R179
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-11-29
- 修回日期: 2023-01-06
- 网络出版日期: 2023-04-26
- 刊出日期: 2023-04-25

Effects of orienteering exercises on myopia prevention and control of primary school students

WANG Long¹,
LIU Jingru²,
LIU Yang^{3
, ,}

1.
Department of Physical Education, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an(710129), China

摘要

摘要: 目的探讨定向越野练习对小学生近视防控的干预效果，为有效防控近视提供参考。方法对陕西师范大学附属小学五年级的10~11岁学生进行视力筛查，选取120名近视小学生随机分为实验组(60名)和对照组(60名)，实验组在对照组的基础上进行定向越野项目练习，通过ETG眼镜式眼动仪测试眼球变化特征，比较两组学生的近视改善差异。结果实验组与对照组干预前裸眼视力、屈光度与视觉疲劳差异均无统计学意义(t值分别为0.13，1.94，0.70，P值均＞0.05)；干预10周后，实验组裸眼视力、屈光度与视觉疲劳均好于对照组，差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为11.28，15.03，-247.01，P值均＜0.05)；实验组学生在地图识别与实景识别场景中，注视时间、注视次数、注视频率、眼跳距离差异均有统计学意义(t值分别-13.62，-7.83，4.82，7.15，P值均＜0.05)，地图识别与实景识别过程中眼球呈交替注视特征。结论定向越野练习过程中，地图识别与实景识别调动了眼球的追随、扫视、注视、聚焦及交替视觉追踪，对小学生近视防控具有改善效果。
- 近视 /
- 干预性研究 /
- 眼球运动 /
- 健康促进 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective To analyze the eye gaze pattern during the orienteering exercise and effects of orienteering exercises on myopia prevention and control in primary school students, so as to provide reference for the effective prevention and control of myopia. Methods Visual acuity screening was conducted on fifth grade students aged 10-11 years old in Shaanxi Normal University Primary School, and 120 primary school students with abnormal visual acuity were selected and randomly divided into experimental group (n=60) and control group (n=60). The experimental group practiced orienteering cross-country program on the basis of the control group, and compared the differences in myopia improvement between the two groups through the characteristics of eye changes tested by ETG spectacle-type oculomotor. Results The differences between the experimental group and the control group in naked eye visual acuity, refraction and visual fatigue before the intervention were not statistically significant (t=0.13, 1.94, 0.70, P>0.05); after ten weeks of intervention, the naked eye visual acuity, refraction and visual fatigue of the experimental group were better than those of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (t=11.28, 15.03, -247.01, P < 0.05). During the process of map recognition and scene recognition, the differences in fixation time, number, frequency and saccade distance of the experimental group were statistically significant (t=-13.62, -7.83, 4.82, 7.15, P < 0.05); the students in the experimental group showed alternate eye gaze characteristics in the process of map recognition and scene recognition. Conclusion During orienteering exercises, map recognition and real-scene recognition mobilized eye following, sweeping, gaze, focus and alternate visual tracking, which have an improved effect on myopia prevention and control in primary school students.
- Myopia /
- Intervention studies /
- Eye movements /
- Health promotion /
- Students
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表 1 近视学生干预前后裸眼视力屈光度和视觉疲劳比较(x±s)

Table 1. Comparison of naked eye vision, diopter, and visual fatigue among myopia students before and after intervention(x±s)

组别	干预前后	人数	统计值	裸眼视力	屈光度/D	视觉疲劳
实验组	干预前	60		4.66±0.05	-3.35±0.92	13.31±0.20
	干预后	60		4.73±0.64	-2.99±0.25	7.84±0.13
			t值	-7.80	-12.11	114.10
			P值	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01
对照组	干预前	60		4.66±0.05	-3.38±0.14	13.29±0.12
	干预后	60		4.66±0.02	-3.34±0.20	10.58±0.23
			t值	0.37	-1.94	113.78
			P值	0.72	0.17	< 0.01

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表 2 实验组近视小学生识图眼动指标比较(x±s，n=60)

Table 2. Comparison of eye movement index of myopia pupils in experimental group(x±s, n=60)

识图场景	注视时间/s	注视次数/次	注视频率/ (次·s^-1)	眼跳距离/(°)
地图识别	6 837.87±820.46	38.85±4.54	5.00±0.72	3.82±0.33
实景识别	10 173.92±1 275.36	48.78±5.69	4.25±0.32	3.25±0.30
t值	-13.62	-7.83	4.82	7.15
P值	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01

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