郑州市中学生超重肥胖与近视的关联

陈彦哲; 田欣杰; 邢艺苑; 刘云波; 王鲜

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.04.006

郑州市中学生超重肥胖与近视的关联

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.04.006

1.
河南省郑州市疾病预防控制中心公共卫生监测与评价所，450012
2.
郑州大学公共卫生学院

详细信息

作者简介:
陈彦哲(1979-)，女，河南周口人，硕士，副主任中医师，主要从事学校卫生、食品卫生相关工作

通讯作者:
王鲜，E-mail：wangxian@zzu.edu.cn

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R723.14 R778.1⁺¹ R179
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-09-21
- 修回日期: 2023-02-24
- 网络出版日期: 2023-04-26
- 刊出日期: 2023-04-25

The association between myopia with overweight and obesity in middle school students in Zhengzhou

1.
Institute of Public Health Monitoring and Evaluation, Zhengzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou(450012), China

摘要

摘要: 目的了解郑州市中学生近视相关因素并探寻超重肥胖与近视之间的关联，为预防中学生近视提供科学依据。方法于2021年通过整群随机抽样的方法，在郑州市二七区、中牟县、荥阳县抽取8所中学3 297名中学生参加体格检查和问卷调查，差异性检验采用χ²检验，关联性分析采用Logistic回归分析。结果郑州市中学生近视检出率为80.5%，超重检出率为14.7%，肥胖检出率为10.1%。不同学段间、父母近视情况组间比较，男生、女生及全人群间近视检出率差异均有统计学意义(χ²值分别为18.34，23.55；8.98，26.53；27.46，47.28，P值均 < 0.01)；放学后不同作业时长间比较，男生以及全人群间近视检出率差异均有统计学意义(χ²值分别为12.40，15.25，P值均 < 0.01)；体质量指数(BMI)分类仅在男生人群中近视检出率差异有统计学意义(χ²=6.32，P < 0.05)。不同性别间的近视程度比较仅初中生差异有统计学意义，不同BMI分类的近视程度比较仅高中生差异有统计学意义(χ²值分别为22.71，20.37，P值均＜0.01)。多因素二元Logistic回归分析显示，超重肥胖学生患高度近视的风险是非超重肥胖学生的1.81倍(P＜0.01)。结论超重肥胖可能增加中学生患近视的风险，应采取针对性措施保持中学生的健康体重，降低近视风险。
- 超重 /
- 肥胖症 /
- 近视 /
- 回归分析 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective To understand associated factors of myopia among middle school students in Zhengzhou and to explore the correlation between myopia with overweight and obesity, to provide a scientific basis for myopia prevention. Methods A total of 3 297 middle school students from 8 middle schools in Erqi District, Zhongmu County and Xingyang County of Zhengzhou City were selected by a cluster random sampling method to participate in vision testing and questionnaire survey. Chi-square test, and Logistic regression analysis were used. Results Overall prevalence of myopia of middle school students was 80.5%, overweight 14.7%, obesity 10.1% in Zhengzhou. The prevalence of myopia differed significantly by schooling stage, parental myopia status and sex (χ²=18.34, 23.55, 8.98, 26.53, 27.46, 47.25, P < 0.05). Significant differences in myopia detection rate by after-school homework duration were observed in boys and the entire population(χ²=12.40, 15.25, P < 0.01), and significant differences in myopia detection rate by body mass index (BMI) were only observed in boys (χ²=6.32, P < 0.05). The distribution of myopia severity was statistically significant by sex among junior school students, and by BMI categories among high school students (χ²=22.71, 20.37, P < 0.01). Multivariate binary Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk for myopia among school students who were overweight and obese was 1.81 times higher than that of students who were not overweight and obese(P < 0.01). Conclusion Overweight and obesity might increase the risk of myopia among middle school students, targeted measures should be taken to maintain the healthy weight of middle school students and reduce the risk of myopia.
- Overweight /
- Obesity /
- Myopia /
- Regression analysis /
- Students
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表 1 不同人口统计学特征中学生近视检出率比较

Table 1. Comparison of myopia rates among middle school students with different demographic characteristics

人口统计学指标	选项	男生				女生				合计
人口统计学指标	选项	人数	检出人数	χ²值	P值	人数	检出人数	χ²值	P值	人数	检出人数	χ²值	P值
学段	初中	991	724(73.1)	18.34	< 0.01	935	767(82.0)	8.98	< 0.01	1 926	1 491(77.4)	27.46	< 0.01
	高中	690	566(82.0)			681	596(87.5)			1 371	1 162(84.8)
父母近视情况	父亲近视	165	146(88.5)	23.55	< 0.01	196	176(89.8)	26.53	< 0.01	361	322(89.2)	47.28	< 0.01
	母亲近视	246	193(78.5)			251	228(90.8)			497	421(84.7)
	父母均近视	131	111(84.7)			120	110(91.7)			251	221(88.0)
	父母均不近视	1 139	840(73.7)			1 049	849(80.9)			2 188	1 689(77.2)
放学后作业时长/h	< 1	395	282(71.4)	12.40	< 0.01	348	286(82.2)	2.83	0.24	743	568(76.4)	15.25	< 0.01
	1~ < 2	758	579(76.4)			729	612(84.0)			1 487	1 191(80.1)
	≥2	528	429(81.3)			539	466(86.3)			1 067	894(83.8)
BMI分类	非超重肥胖	1 183	889(75.1)	6.32	0.04	1 293	1 085(83.9)	0.91	0.64	2 476	1 974(79.7)	4.36	0.11
	超重	271	222(81.9)			216	186(86.1)			487	408(83.8)
	肥胖	227	179(78.9)			107	92(86.0)			334	271(81.1)
注： ()内数字为检出率/%。

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表 2 中学生近视程度的单因素多元Logistic回归分析(n=3 297)

Table 2. Univariate multiple Logistic regression of myopia degree in middle school students(n=3 297)

因变量	自变量	β值	OR值(OR值95%CI)	P值
低度近视	超重	0.19	1.21(0.91~1.62)	0.20
	肥胖	0.14	1.15(0.84~1.59)	0.38
中度近视	超重	0.27	1.31(0.99~1.75)	0.06
	肥胖	-0.06	0.94(0.68~1.31)	0.73
高度近视	超重	0.56	1.74(1.19~2.56)	< 0.01
	肥胖	0.47	1.59(1.04~2.45)	0.03
注：自变量均以非超重肥胖组为参照。

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表 3 中学生近视的多因素二元Logistic回归分析(n=3 297)

Table 3. Multivariate binary Logistic regression of myopia in middle school students(n=3 297)

学段	自变量	选项	β值	标准误	P值	Wald χ²值	OR值(OR值95%CI)
初中	性别	男					1.00
		女	0.52	0.11	< 0.01	20.81	1.67(1.34~2.09)
	父母近视情况	父母均不近视					1.00
		父亲近视	0.99	0.22	< 0.01	20.06	2.68(1.74~4.13)
		母亲近视	0.55	0.15	< 0.01	12.79	1.74(1.28~2.35)
		父母都近视	0.77	0.24	< 0.01	10.15	2.16(1.34~3.46)
高中	性别	男					1.00
		女	0.47	0.16	< 0.01	8.92	1.60(1.17~2.17)
	放学后作业时长/h	< 1					1.00
		1~ < 2	0.34	0.18	0.06	3.46	1.41(0.10~2.08)
		≥2	0.76	0.20	< 0.01	14.98	2.15(1.46~3.16)
	父母近视情况	父母均不近视					1.00
		父亲近视	0.70	0.31	0.02	5.21	2.01(1.10~3.65)
		母亲近视	0.67	0.31	0.03	4.72	1.95(1.07~3.55)
		父母都近视	0.86	0.38	0.02	5.07	2.36(1.12~4.96)
	BMI	非超重肥胖					1.00
		超重及肥胖	0.59	0.20	< 0.01	9.03	1.81(1.23~2.66)

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