中学生遭受网络欺凌现状及相关因素分析

蒋炫励; 王晓宇; 顾嘉昌; 蒙沿羱; 盛佳婷; 刘芳妒; 李敏辉; 费高强; 张徐军; 林萍

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.03.018

中学生遭受网络欺凌现状及相关因素分析

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.03.018

1.
东南大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系，南京 210009
2.
江苏省疾病预防控制中心

基金项目:

江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划项目 SJCX21_0085

江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划项目 SJCX22_0074

详细信息

作者简介:
蒋炫励(1998-)，女，江苏常州人，在读硕士，主要研究方向为伤害流行病学

通讯作者:
张徐军，E-mail: xjzhang@seu.edu.cn

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: G444 R179
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-11-11
- 修回日期: 2023-01-28
- 刊出日期: 2023-03-25

Cyberbullying and associated factors among middle school students

1.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing (210009), China

摘要

摘要: 目的了解中学生遭受网络欺凌现状及其相关因素，为预防和降低中学生网络欺凌的发生提供科学依据。方法 2019年3月1日—5月31日，采用分层整群随机抽样的方法抽取江苏省宜兴市3所初中和4所高中的12 940名学生，利用自编问卷进行问卷调查。采用χ²检验比较网络欺凌遭受率在不同社会人口学特征组间差异，采用多因素Logistic回归进行相关因素分析，构建列线图预测模型并进行验证。结果中学生网络欺凌遭受率为12.3%。Logistic回归分析结果显示，本人饮酒(OR=1.93)、不能情绪自控(OR=1.30)、认为生活环境不太安全(OR=1.70)、对周围人不太信任(OR=1.66)、每天上网时间≥2 h(OR=1.39)、总是使用社交软件(网站)(OR=2.24)、家庭成员关系比较矛盾(OR=1.46)、较多感到被父母忽视(OR=1.50)、担任过班干部(OR=1.30)以及不受同学欢迎(OR=1.34)均与中学生遭受网络欺凌呈正相关(P值均 < 0.05)。基于上述10项影响因素构建的列线图预测模型区分度较好(AUC=0.73)。结论中学生遭受网络欺凌较为普遍，网络使用、父母忽视和班级职务等均是遭受网络欺凌的相关因素。
- 因特网 /
- 暴力 /
- 精神卫生 /
- 回归分析 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective To explore cyberbullying and risk factors of middle school students, and to provide a reference for cyberbullying prevention in school settings. Methods A stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select 12 940 students from three junior high schools and four senior high schools in Yixing City of Jiangsu Province, China, to conduct a questionnaire survey from March 1 to May 31, 2019. The Chi-square test was performed to compare differences in the prevalence of cyberbullying among groups with different sociodemographic characteristics, and the multivariate Logistic regression model was employed to analyze the risk factors. A risk predictive nomogram model was constructed and then verified. Results Middle school students were found to be victims of cyberbullying at a rate of 12.3%. The Logistic regression results showed that alcohol use (OR=1.93), lack of emotional management (OR=1.30), feeling unsafe (OR=1.70), not trusting people (OR=1.66), increased daily online time (OR=1.39), higher frequency of using social software or websites (OR=2.24), poor relationships with family members (OR=1.46), parental neglect (OR=1.50), class leadership (OR=1.30) and poor relationships with classmates (OR=1.34) were risk factors for middle school students who were victims of cyberbullying (P < 0.05). Based on these 10 independent risk factors, the nomogram prediction model, had good discrimination (AUC=0.73). Conclusion Cyberbullying is common among middle school students. Internet use, parental neglect and class leadership all have an impact on cyberbullying.
- Internet /
- Violence /
- Mental health /
- Regression analysis /
- Students
注释:

1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。

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表 1 不同组别中学生遭受网络欺凌报告率比较

Table 1. Prevalence of cyberbullying among middle school students in different groups

组别	选项	人数	遭受网络欺凌人数	χ²值	P值
性别	男	6 640	837(12.6)	1.54	0.21
	女	6 300	749(11.9)
学段	初中	8 124	911(11.2)	22.08	< 0.01
	高中	4 816	675(14.0)
是否独生子女	是	7 741	900(11.6)	7.11	0.01
	否	5 199	686(13.2)
户口种类	本市	9 970	1 177(11.8)	8.22	< 0.01
	非本市	2 970	409(13.8)
本人饮酒	是	3 155	663(21.0)	297.56	< 0.01
	否	9 785	923(9.4)
情绪自控	是	10 612	1 149(10.8)	112.04	< 0.01
	否	2 328	437(18.8)
对生活环境的安全感	比较安全	12 725	1 516(11.9)	83.79	< 0.01
	不太安全	215	70(32.6)
对周围人的信任感	比较信任	11 824	1 301(11.0)	200.32	< 0.01
	不太信任	1 116	245(22.0)
喜欢玩电子游戏	棋牌类休闲游戏	943	82(8.7)	53.78	< 0.01
	单人或多人对战类游戏	6 480	902(13.9)
	模拟攻略类游戏	1 348	158(11.7)
	角色扮演类剧情游戏	1 762	229(13.0)
	不玩电子游戏	2 407	215(8.9)
每天上网时间/h	< 0.5	7 286	707(9.7)	148.22	< 0.01^a
	0.5~ < 1	2 760	362(13.1)
	1~ < 1.5	1 151	173(15.0)
	1.5~ < 2	663	117(17.7)
	≥2	1 080	227(21.0)
使用社交软件/网站	总是	1 872	383(20.5)	212.21	< 0.01^a
	经常	4 457	636(14.3)
	偶尔	5 593	498(8.9)
	从不	1 018	69(6.8)
家庭成员关系	比较和睦	10 871	1 168(10.7)	144.61	< 0.01
	比较矛盾	2 069	418(20.2)
家庭教育方式	说服教育	6 572	652(9.9)	113.18	< 0.01
	惩罚打骂	403	90(22.3)
	惩罚说服结合	3 876	605(15.6)
	自由	2 089	239(11.4)
感到被父母忽视	较少	11 890	1 329(11.2)	158.66	< 0.01
	较多	1 050	257(24.5)
父亲饮酒	是	8 124	1 097(13.5)	31.54	< 0.01
	否	4 816	489(10.2)
年级	初一	2 690	269(10.0)	36.60	< 0.01
	初二	2 813	347(12.3)
	初三	2 621	295(11.3)
	高一	2 180	329(15.1)
	高二	2 012	277(13.8)
	高三	624	69(11.1)
担任班干部	担任过	9 972	1 264(12.7)	7.10	0.01
	未担任过	2 968	322(10.8)
受同学欢迎	是	11 269	1 288(11.4)	55.50	< 0.01
	否	1 671	298(17.8)
注： a采用线性趋势χ²检验；()内数字为报告率/%。

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表 2 中学生遭受网络欺凌影响因素多因素Logistic回归分析(n=12 940)

Table 2. Multiple Logistic regression of risk factors of middle school students suffering from cyberbullying(n=12 940)

自变量	选项	β值	标准误	Wald χ²值	P值	OR值(95%CI)
本人饮酒	否					1.00
	是	0.66	0.06	122.41	< 0.01	1.93(1.72~2.16)
情绪自控	是					1.00
	否	0.26	0.07	15.49	< 0.01	1.30(1.14~1.49)
对生活环境的安全感	比较安全					1.00
	不太安全	0.53	0.16	10.59	< 0.01	1.70(1.24~2.34)
对周围人的信任感	比较信任					1.00
	不太信任	0.51	0.09	35.10	< 0.01	1.66(1.40~1.96)
每天上网时间/h	< 0.5					1.00
	0.5~ < 1	0.21	0.07	8.10	< 0.01	1.23(1.07~1.41)
	1~ < 1.5	0.23	0.10	5.77	0.02	1.26(1.04~1.52)
	1.5~ < 2	0.32	0.12	7.65	0.01	1.38(1.10~1.73)
	≥2	0.33	0.10	11.93	< 0.01	1.39(1.15~1.68)
使用社交软件/网站频率	从不					1.00
	偶尔	0.28	0.14	4.35	0.04	1.33(1.02~1.74)
	经常	0.64	0.14	22.29	< 0.01	1.90(1.46~2.49)
	总是	0.81	0.15	30.94	< 0.01	2.24(1.69~2.98)
家庭成员关系	比较和睦					1.00
	比较矛盾	0.38	0.07	30.34	< 0.01	1.46(1.28~1.67)
感到被父母忽视	较少					1.00
	较多	0.41	0.09	22.18	< 0.01	1.50(1.27~1.78)
担任班干部	未担任过					1.00
	担任过	0.26	0.07	13.59	< 0.01	1.30(1.13~1.49)
受同学欢迎	是					1.00
	否	0.29	0.08	13.16	< 0.01	1.34(1.14~1.56)

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