中学生父母依恋与自杀未遂的关联

丁红丽; 汪妍; 彭畅; 程君菡; 荣发娟; 余毅震

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.02.025

中学生父母依恋与自杀未遂的关联

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.02.025

华中科技大学同济医学院公共卫生学院儿少卫生与妇幼保健学系，湖北武汉 430030

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 81573172

详细信息

作者简介:
丁红丽(1996-)，女，河南邓州人，在读硕士，主要研究方向为儿童青少年心理卫生

通讯作者:
余毅震，E-mail：yuyizhen650@163.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: G444 G478 B844.2
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-06-13
- 修回日期: 2022-07-13
- 网络出版日期: 2023-03-02
- 刊出日期: 2023-02-25

Relationship between adolescent-parent attachment and attempted suicide among middle school students

Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan(430030), China

摘要

摘要: 目的了解中学生自杀未遂现状，并探讨其与父母依恋的关系，为中学生自杀行为的预防和控制提供依据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样法，抽取湖北省鄂州市和孝感市4 419名七至十二年级在校学生作为调查对象，使用父母和同评依恋量表(IPPA)、罗森博格自尊量表(RSES)、凯斯勒心理疾患量表(K10)进行问卷调查，并评定中学生自杀未遂情况。结果中学生自杀未遂检出率为6.8%。自杀未遂检出率在不同年级、家庭类型、父母感情、家庭管教方式、家庭月收入、自尊水平和心理困扰间差异均有统计学意义(χ²/t值分别为3.88，10.12，18.00，52.54，13.90，2.37，8.99，P值均 < 0.05)，有自杀未遂组的父亲依恋和母亲依恋得分(14.64±13.45，14.77±12.26)均低于无自杀未遂组(22.05±16.08，23.79±14.93)(t值分别为-9.07，-12.11，P值均 < 0.05)。Logistic回归分析表明，父亲依恋和母亲依恋均与中学生自杀未遂负向关联(父亲依恋，OR=0.99，95%CI=0.98~0.99；母亲依恋，OR=0.97，95%CI=0.96~0.98，P值均 < 0.05)；分层分析发现，父亲依恋与女生自杀未遂负向关联(OR=0.98，95%CI=0.97~0.99，P < 0.05)，而对男生影响无统计学意义。结论父母依恋可能是中学生自杀未遂的保护因素，父亲依恋对自杀未遂的影响存在性别差异。父母应当注重培养与子女之间的良好依恋关系，促进中学生健康成长。
- 客体依恋 /
- 自杀未遂 /
- 精神卫生 /
- 回归分析 /
- 中学生
Abstract: Objective To understand the current situation of suicide attempts in middle school students and to explore its relation with adolescent-parent attachment, to provide a basis for the prevention and control of middle school students suicidal behavior. Methods A total of 4 419 students from grades 7 to 12 in Ezhou City and Xiaogan City, Hubei Province were selected by stratified cluster random sampling. The Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, Kessler Psychological Distress Scale were used to conduct a questionnaire Survey, and evaluated the suicide attempts of middle school students. Results The detection rate of attempted suicide among middle school students was 6.8%. The detection rate of attempted suicide varies among different grades, family types, parental relation, parenting style, family income, self-esteem level, and psychological distress(χ²/t=3.88, 10.12, 18.00, 52.54, 13.90, 2.37, 8.99, P < 0.05). The scores of paternal attachment and maternal attachment (14.64±13.45, 14.77±12.26) in the group with attempted suicide were lower than those without attempted suicide(22.05±16.08, 23.79±14.93)(t=-9.07, -12.11, P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that both paternal attachment and maternal attachment were associated with lower rate of suicide attempts among middle school students(paternal attachment, OR=0.99, 95%CI=0.98-0.99; maternal attachment OR=0.97, 95%CI=0.96-0.98), with paternal attachment for girls only(OR=0.98, 95%CI=0.97-0.99)(P < 0.05). Conclusion Adolescent-parent attachment may be a protective factor for middle school students suicide attempts. Sex-specific effects are observed in adolescent-father attachment in girls. Parents should pay attention to cultivating a good attachment relationship with their children and promote the healthy growth of middle school students.
- Object attachment /
- Suicide, attempted /
- Mental health /
- Regression analysis /
- Adolescent
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表 1 不同人口学特征中学生自杀未遂检出率比较

Table 1. Comparison of the detection rate of suicide attempts among adolescents with different demographic characteristics

人口学指标	选项	人数	自杀未遂人数	χ²值	P值
学段	初中	2 831	208(7.3)	3.88	0.05
	高中	1 588	92(5.8)
性别	女	1 893	1 239(6.5)	0.44	0.51
	男	2 526	177(7.0)
家庭类型	核心家庭	2 901	200(6.9)	10.12	0.04
	大家庭	1 054	57(5.4)
	单亲家庭	251	26(10.4)
	重组家庭	102	6(5.9)
	隔代家庭	111	11(9.9)
父亲受教育程度	小学及以下	338	29(8.6)	4.62	0.20
	初中	2 141	129(6.0)
	高中或中专	1 425	103(7.2)
	本科或大专及以上	515	39(7.6)
母亲受教育程度	小学及以下	650	44(6.8)	0.79	0.85
	初中	2 262	147(6.5)
	高中或中专	1 197	86(7.2)
	本科或大专及以上	310	23(7.4)
父母感情	非常好	1 249	75(6.0)	18.00	< 0.01
	比较好	2 439	152(6.2)
	一般	557	50(9.0)
	不太好	82	11(13.4)
	关系恶劣	92	12(13.0)
家庭管教方式	严格	992	62(6.3)	52.54	< 0.01
	民主	2 529	138(5.5)
	溺爱	151	13(8.6)
	放任或漠不关心	89	17(19.1)
	粗暴	37	8(21.6)
	变化无常	621	62(10.0)
家庭人均月收入	< 1 000	211	20(9.5)	13.90	0.01
/元	1 000~2 999	1 181	76(6.4)
	3 000~4 999	2 107	124(5.9)
	5 000~7 999	679	53(7.8)
	≥8 000	241	27(11.2)
注： ()内数字为检出率/%。

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表 2 中学生父母依恋、心理困扰与自杀未遂的多因素Logistic回归分析

Table 2. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis of teenage parental attachment and suicide attempt

自变量	男生(n=2 526)		女生(n=1 893)		合计(n=4 419)
自变量	OR值(OR值95%CI)	P值	OR值(OR值95%CI)	P值	OR值(OR值95%CI)	P值
学段(高中)	0.68(0.47~0.96)	0.03	0.84(0.54~1.28)	0.41	0.75(0.57~0.98)	0.03
心理困扰	1.04(1.02~1.06)	< 0.01	1.10(1.07~1.13)	< 0.01	1.06(1.04~1.08)	< 0.01
母亲依恋	0.98(0.96~0.99)	< 0.01	0.97(0.96~0.99)	< 0.01	0.97(0.96~0.98)	< 0.01
父亲依恋	1.00(0.98~1.01)	0.46	0.98(0.97~0.99)	0.02	0.99(0.98~0.99)	0.02
注：学段以初中为参照，心理困扰、母亲依恋、父亲依恋为连续型变量。

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