大学生手机使用行为与抑郁症状双向关联的随访研究

李人杰; 陶舒曼; 伍晓艳; 杨娅娟; 邹立巍; 谢阳; 李婷婷; 张丹; 翟爽; 曲杨; 陶芳标

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.02.021

大学生手机使用行为与抑郁症状双向关联的随访研究

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.02.021

李人杰¹,
陶舒曼^{2, 3, ,},
伍晓艳^{1, 3},
杨娅娟⁴,
邹立巍³,
谢阳¹,
李婷婷¹,
张丹¹,
翟爽¹,
曲杨¹,
陶芳标^{1, 3}

1.
安徽医科大学公共卫生学院儿少卫生与妇幼保健学系，合肥 230032
2.
安徽医科大学第二附属医院眼科
3.
出生人口健康教育部重点实验室/安徽人口健康与优生省级实验室
4.
安徽医科大学护理学院

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 82173542

国家自然科学基金项目 81803257

详细信息

作者简介:
李人杰(1996-)，男，安徽铜陵人，在读硕士，主要研究方向为青少年行为与心理健康

通讯作者:
陶舒曼，E-mail：shumantao@126.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: B844.2 G444
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-04-11
- 修回日期: 2022-12-13
- 网络出版日期: 2023-03-02
- 刊出日期: 2023-02-25

Bidirectional associations between cellular phone use behaviors and depressive symptoms in college students: a follow-up study

LI Renjie¹,
TAO Shuman^{2, 3
, ,},
WU Xiaoyan^{1, 3},
YANG Yajuan⁴,
ZOU Liwei³,
XIE Yang¹,
LI Tingting¹,
ZHANG Dan¹,
ZHAI Shuang¹,
QU Yang¹,
TAO Fangbiao^{1, 3}

1.
Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei(230032), China

摘要

摘要: 目的描述大学生手机使用行为和抑郁症状的流行现状及双向关联，为促进大学生健康行为养成提供循证依据。方法于2019年4—5月选取安徽省合肥市和江西省上饶市2所高校的1 135名学生进行基线问卷调查，每6个月随访1次，于2021年4—5月进行最后一次问卷随访，匹配后获得有效人数999人。运用自评问卷调查大学生手机使用时长和手机功能使用情况，运用青少年手机使用依赖自评问卷和患者健康问卷-9项(PHQ-9)评估大学生手机依赖情况和抑郁症状。采用Pearson相关分析检验基线和2年后手机使用行为和抑郁之间的相关性；采用线性回归模型分析手机使用行为与抑郁症状评分之间的线性关联；采用自回归交叉滞后模型分析大学生手机使用行为和抑郁症状之间的双向关联。结果基线调查中大学生手机依赖和抑郁症状的检出率分别为24.3%和42.4%。基线和2年后随访中大学生平均手机使用时长分别为[(2.84±0.90)(2.02±1.05)h/d]；手机依赖平均得分分别为[(23.30±9.00)(23.29±10.45)分]；手机功能使用平均得分分别为[(30.12±6.66)(29.12±7.27)分]；抑郁症状平均得分分别为[(4.51±4.76)(2.61±4.40)分]。Pearson相关分析结果显示，基线和2年后手机使用时长、手机功能使用及手机依赖与2年后抑郁症状得分均呈正相关(r=0.08~0.50，P < 0.05)。线性回归模型显示，基线手机依赖与基线抑郁症状(β=0.26，95%CI=0.23~0.29)和2年后抑郁症状(β=0.12，95%CI=0.09~0.15)之间呈正相关。自回归交叉滞后模型显示，基线手机依赖正向预测2年后抑郁症状(β=0.04)，基线抑郁症状正向预测2年后手机依赖(β=0.23)(P值均 < 0.05)。结论大学生手机依赖和抑郁症状之间存在双向关联。减少手机依赖对改善大学生心理健康状况具有积极意义。
- 便携式电话 /
- 工具使用行为 /
- 抑郁 /
- 随访研究 /
- 回归分析 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective The study aimed to describe the prevalence of mobile phone use and depressive symptoms and to examine the bidirectional associations between the two among college students, providinb evidence for mental health promotion among college students. Methods A longitudinal study with follow-up at 6-month intervals was conducted in 1 135 students from 2 universities in Hefei, Anhui Province and Shangrao, Jiangxi Province who were selected between April and May 2019. The last follow-up was conducted between April and May 2021 based on questionnaire survey, and 999 valid participants were obtained after matching. The self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate the duration of cellular phone use and use of cellular phone functions among college students. The Self-rating Questionnaire for Adolescent Problematic Mobile Phone Use (SQAPMPU) and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) were used to assess cellular phone dependence and depressive symptoms among college students. Pearson correlation analysis was used to examine the correlation between cellular phone use behavior and depressive symptoms at baseline and 2 years later; linear regression model was used to analyze the linear association between cellular phone use behavior and depressive symptoms scores; autoregressive cross-lagged model was used to analyze the bidirectional associations between cellular phone use behaviors and depressive symptoms among college students over time. Results The prevalence of mobile phone dependence and depressive symptoms among college students at baseline were 24.3% and 42.4%, respectively. The mean duration of mobile phone use among college students at baseline and the 2-year follow-up were (2.84±0.90)h/d and (2.02±1.05)h/d, respectively; the mean scores of mobile phone dependence were (23.30±9.00) and (23.29±10.45), respectively; the mean scores of mobile phone function use were (30.12±6.66) and (29.12±7.27), respectively; and the mean scores of depressive symptoms were (4.51±4.76) and (2.61±4.40), respectively. Pearson correlation analysis showed there were significant positive correlations between duration of cellular phone use, cellular phone dependence, use of cellular phone functions at baseline or 2 years later and depressive symptoms 2 years later(r=0.08-0.50, P < 0.05). Linear regression models showed a significant positive association between cellular phone dependence at baseline and depressive symptoms (β=0.26, 95%CI=0.23-0.29) at baseline and 2 years later (β=0.12, 95%CI=0.09-0.15). Autoregressive cross-lagged models showed that cellular phone dependence at baseline positively predicted depressive symptoms 2 years later (β=0.04) and depressive symptoms at baseline positively predicted cellular phone dependence 2 years later(β=0.23)(P < 0.05). Conclusion There was a bidirectional association between cellular phone dependence and depressive symptoms among college students. Reducing cellular phone dependence is of positive significance for improving college students' mental health.
- Cellular phone /
- Tool use behavior /
- Depression /
- Follow-up studies /
- Regression analysis /
- Students
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1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。

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图 1 大学生手机使用与抑郁症状双向关联的交叉滞后模型

注： *P < 0.05，**P < 0.01。

Figure 1. Estimates from the cross-lagged model for the bidirectional associations between cellular phone use and depressive symptoms among college students

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表 1 不同人口统计学特征基线抑郁症状检出率比较

Table 1. Comparison of differences in the prevalence of depressive symptoms at baseline by demographic characteristics

人口统计学指标	组别	人数	检出人数	χ²值	P值
性别	男	377	157(41.6)	0.16	0.69
	女	622	267(42.9)
家庭居住地	农村	559	252(45.1)	3.69	0.16
	城镇	295	114(38.6)
	市区	145	58(40.0)
独生子女	是	231	97(42.0)	0.03	0.87
	否	768	327(42.6)
自评家庭经济状况	较差	245	117(47.8)	5.34	0.07
	一般	707	292(41.3)
	较好	47	15(31.9)
家庭类型	双亲	919	381(41.5)	4.55	0.03
	非双亲	80	43(53.8)
自评健康状况	较好	601	215(35.8)	36.67	< 0.01
	一般	358	179(50.0)
	较差	40	30(75.0)
最近1个月是否	是	235	125(53.2)	14.53	< 0.01
饮酒	否	764	299(39.1)
家族抑郁史	是	44	27(61.4)	6.75	0.01
最近1个月是否	否	955	397(41.6)
吸烟	是	97	55(56.7)	8.94	< 0.01
	否	902	369(40.9)
最近1年是否有	是	63	43(68.3)	18.34	< 0.01
自杀想法	否	936	381(40.7)
最近1年是否经历	是	126	61(48.4)	2.10	0.15
家庭变故	否	873	363(41.6)
住院经历	是	121	66(54.5)	8.26	< 0.01
	否	878	358(40.8)
最近1年是否经历	是	564	270(47.9)	15.63	< 0.01
考试失败	否	435	154(35.4)
最近1年是否经历	是	248	121(48.8)	5.44	0.02
恋爱失败	否	751	303(40.3)
注： ()内数字为检出率/%。

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 基线及2年后随访大学生手机使用与抑郁症状的Pearson相关性(n=999，r值)

Table 2. Pearson correlations between cellular phone use and depressive symptoms among college students at baseline and the 2-year follow-up(n=999, r)

变量	基线手机使用时长	基线手机依赖评分	基线手机功能使用	基线抑郁症状得分	2年后手机使用时长	2年后手机依赖症状	2年后手机功能使用
基线手机依赖评分	0.27^**
基线手机功能使用	0.28^**	0.38^**
基线抑郁症状得分	0.12^**	0.55^**	0.24^**
2年后手机使用时长	0.11^**	0.03	0.07^*	-0.04
2年后手机依赖症状	0.11^**	0.37^**	0.08^*	0.27^**	0.08^**
2年后手机功能使用	0.13^**	0.15^**	0.20^**	0.09^**	0.18^**	0.38^**
2年后抑郁症状得分	0.08^*	0.24^**	0.09^**	0.33^**	0.02	0.50^**	0.20^**
注： P < 0.05，*P < 0.01。

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