童年期虐待与初中生大五人格特征的关联

潘俊彦; 李敏; 单芳玲; 何慕然; 李缘; 文雪; 王君; 苏普玉; 汪耿夫

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.02.016

童年期虐待与初中生大五人格特征的关联

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.02.016

1.
安徽医科大学公共卫生学院妇幼保健医学专业，合肥 230032
2.
安徽医科大学公共卫生学院儿少卫生与妇幼保健学系/出生人口健康教育部重点实验室/人口健康与优生安徽省重点实验室

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 82204071

国家自然科学基金项目 82173539

国家自然科学基金项目 81874268

详细信息

作者简介:
潘俊彦(2000-)，男，江苏泰州人，在读本科

通讯作者:
汪耿夫，E-mail：wanggenfu@ahmu.edu.cn

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R179G627.8G444
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-09-14
- 修回日期: 2022-10-11
- 网络出版日期: 2023-03-02
- 刊出日期: 2023-02-25

Association between childhood maltreatment and the Big Five personality traits in middle school students

1.
Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei(230032), China

摘要

摘要: 目的探讨童年期虐待(childhood maltreatment, CM)与初中生大五人格特征之间的关联，为促进初中生人格健康发育提供科学依据。方法采用多阶段随机整群抽样方法选取安徽省宣城、合肥、淮北共5 724名初中生进行问卷调查，内容包括人口统计学特征、CM经历以及大五人格特征。采用线性回归分析和典则相关分析探索CM与大五人格特征之间的关联。结果初中生躯体虐待、情感虐待、性虐待、躯体忽视、情感忽视与谨慎性(β=-1.71~-2.55)、情绪性(β=1.93~3.87)人格特征关联均有统计学意义(P值均 < 0.05)。除躯体虐待外，其余各类型CM与外向性(β=-1.04~-2.32)、宜人性(β=-1.07~-1.37)人格特征关联均有统计学意义(P值均 < 0.05)，仅有性虐待与开放性人格特征关联有统计学意义(β=-0.70，P < 0.05)。除开放性人格特征外，CM经历数量与初中生人格特征关联均有统计学意义；且CM经历数量与各维度人格特征得分呈现剂量反应关系(P值均 < 0.05)。典则相关分析中，典则相关系数为-0.375(P < 0.05)，童年期虐待经历主要由情感虐待、情感忽视与躯体忽视来反映(典则载荷系数为0.556~0.951)，大五人格特征主要由情绪性、谨慎性与外向性来反映(典则载荷系数为-0.702~0.639)。结论 CM与初中生人格特征之间存在关联，预防CM对于促进早期初中生的人格健康发育具有重要意义。
- 虐待儿童 /
- 人格 /
- 精神卫生 /
- 回归分析 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective The study aimed to explore the relationship between childhood maltreatment (CM) and the Big Five personality traits of middle school students, so as to provide scientific evidence for promoting the healthy development of middle school students' personality. Methods A total of 5 724 middle school students from Xuancheng, Hefei and Huaibei of Anhui Province were selected by using a multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method to conduct a questionnaire survey, including demographic characteristics, CM experience and Big Five personality traits. Linear regression analysis and canonical correlation analysis were used to explore the associations between CM and the Big Five personality traits. Results Physical abuse, emotional abuse, sexual abuse, physical neglect, and emotional neglect of middle school students were significantly associated with conscientiousness (β=-1.71--2.55) and neuroticism (β=1.93-3.87) personality traits(P < 0.05). Except physical abuse, all other types of CM were significantly associated with extraversion (β=-1.04--2.32) and agreeableness (β=-1.07--1.37) personality traits(P < 0.05), and only sexual abuse was associated with openness personality trait(β=-0.70, P < 0.05). Except for openness personality trait, the relationship between the number of CM experience and the personality traits of middle school students was statistically significant; there was a dose-response relationship between the number of CM experiences and the scores of personality traits each dimension(P < 0.05). In the canonical correlation analysis, the canonical correlation coefficient was -0.375(P < 0.05). CM experiences were mainly reflected by emotional abuse, emotional neglect and physical neglect (canonical load coefficient was 0.556-0.951). The Big Five personality traits were mainly reflected by neuroticism, conscientiousness and extraversion (canonical load coefficient was -0.702-0.639). Conclusion There is a correlation between CM and the personality traits of middle school students, and prevention of CM is of great significance for promoting the healthy development of middle school students' personality.
- Child abuse /
- Personality /
- Mental health /
- Regression analysis /
- Students
注释:

1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。

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表 1 是否有童年期虐待经历初中生大五人格特征得分比较(x±s)

Table 1. Comparison of Big Five personality traits of middle school students with or without childhood maltreatment experiences(x±s)

童年期虐待经历		人数	统计值	外向性	宜人性	开放性	谨慎性	情绪性
童年期虐待	否	4 105		39.62±7.99	38.92±6.72	33.22±6.30	39.59±7.92	28.30±7.39
	是	1 619		37.15±8.60	36.95±6.81	32.12±6.74	35.84±8.13	32.39±7.12
			t值	10.00	9.99	5.63	16.02	-19.35
躯体虐待	否	5 172		39.10±8.12	38.52±6.71	32.97±6.39	38.86±8.04	29.17±7.48
	是	552		37.28±9.21	36.88±7.49	32.31±6.92	35.43±8.64	32.16±7.58
			t值	4.45	4.96	2.15	8.93	-8.93
情感虐待	否	4 622		39.49±8.04	38.78±6.73	33.16±6.34	39.31±7.98	28.61±7.41
	是	1 102		36.52±8.66	36.64±6.83	31.84±6.75	35.28±8.10	33.04±7.03
			t值	10.38	9.44	5.89	15.01	-18.61
性虐待	否	5 319		39.02±8.16	38.48±6.73	32.98±6.37	38.69±8.08	29.32±7.52
	是	405		37.62±9.13	36.81±7.60	32.02±7.28	36.49±8.86	31.34±7.60
			t值	2.99	4.30	2.58	4.84	-5.23
情感忽视	否	5 312		39.23±8.11	38.58±6.73	33.06±6.37	38.90±8.02	29.10±7.44
	是	412		35.02±8.96	35.60±7.18	30.98±7.09	33.77±8.41	34.16±7.30
			t值	9.25	8.61	5.77	12.45	-13.32
躯体忽视	否	5 308		39.18±8.11	38.53±6.71	33.02±6.37	38.82±8.05	29.19±7.47
	是	416		35.63±9.24	36.19±7.61	31.55±7.22	34.84±8.59	32.95±7.58
			t值	7.61	6.09	4.02	9.67	-9.89
注：P值均 < 0.05。

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表 2 童年期虐待经历与初中生大五人格特征关系的线性回归分析[n=5 724, β值(β值95%CI)]

Table 2. Linear regression analysis of the relationship between childhood maltreatment experience and the Big Five personality traits of middle school students [n=5 724, β(β 95%CI)]

自变量	外向性	宜人性	开放性	谨慎性	情绪性
童年期虐待	-1.30(-1.76~-0.84)^*	-1.07(-1.46~-0.69)^*	-0.25(-0.62~0.12)	-2.34(-2.80~-1.89)^*	3.48(3.05~3.91)^*
躯体虐待	-0.56(-1.26~0.13)	-0.54(-1.13~0.04)	0.24(-0.31~0.80)	-1.83(-2.52~-1.15)^*	2.43(1.78~3.08)^*
情感虐待	-1.61(-2.13~-1.08)^*	-1.13(-1.58~-0.69)^*	-0.34(-0.76~0.09)	-2.39(-2.91~-1.87)^*	3.61(3.12~4.11)^*
性虐待	-1.04(-1.82~-0.26)^*	-1.31(-1.97~-0.65)^*	-0.70(-1.33~-0.07)^*	-1.71(-2.49~-0.94)^*	1.93(1.19~2.67)^*
情感忽视	-2.15(-2.95~-1.35)^*	-1.37(-2.04~-0.69)^*	-0.62(-1.26~0.03)	-2.55(-3.35~-1.76)^*	3.87(3.11~4.62)^*
躯体忽视	-2.32(-3.10~-1.54)^*	-1.34(-2.00~-0.68)^*	-0.59(-1.22~0.04)	-2.50(-3.27~-1.73)^*	3.08(2.35~3.82)^*
注：控制了性别、年级、家庭类型、自评家庭经济、与母亲关系、与父亲关系、朋友数量；*P < 0.05。

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表 3 童年期虐待经历数量与初中生大五人格特征关系的线性回归分析[n=5 724, β值(β值95%CI)]

Table 3. Linear regression analysis of the relationship between the number of childhood maltreatment experiences and the Big Five personality traits of middle school students [n=5 724, β(β 95%CI)]

童年期虐待经历数量/种	外向性	宜人性	开放性	谨慎性	情绪性
1	-0.66(-1.23~-0.09)^*	-0.81(-1.29~-0.33)^*	-0.01(-0.46~0.46)	-1.96(-2.52~-1.40)^*	2.89(2.36~3.42)^*
2	-1.83(-2.64~-1.03)^*	-1.24(-1.91~-0.56)^*	-0.60(-1.25~0.05)	-2.18(-2.97~-1.39)^*	3.91(3.17~4.66)^*
3	-2.68(-3.79~-1.57)^*	-1.47(-2.40~-0.53)^*	-0.67(-1.56~0.22)	-3.97(-5.06~-2.88)^*	5.32(4.30~6.35)^*
≥4	-2.13(-3.44~-0.81)^*	-1.83(-2.94~-0.73)^*	-0.26(-1.31~0.80)	-3.14(-4.43~-1.85)^*	3.57(2.35~4.79)^*
种类数量	-0.74(-0.96~-0.52)^*	-0.53(-0.72~-0.35)^*	-0.16(-0.34~0.02)	-1.11(-1.33~-0.89)^*	1.56(1.36~1.77)^*
注：控制了性别、年级、家庭类型、自评家庭经济、与母亲关系、与父亲关系、朋友数量；自变量均以无童年期虐待为参照组；*P < 0.05。

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