超重儿童对食物线索的注意偏向特点

霍明珠; 尹鹏姣; 吴云霞; 李文辉

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.02.013

超重儿童对食物线索的注意偏向特点

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.02.013

沈阳师范大学学前与初等教育学院，辽宁 110034

基金项目:

国家社会科学基金教育学青年课题 CHA190271

详细信息

作者简介:
霍明珠(1998-)，女，河南驻马店人，在读硕士，主要研究方向为儿童健康教育

通讯作者:
李文辉，E-mail: llwwhh1984@126.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R723.14 R153.2
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-07-29
- 修回日期: 2022-10-22
- 网络出版日期: 2023-03-02
- 刊出日期: 2023-02-25

Attentional bias for food cues in overweight children

School of Preschool and Primary Education, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang(110034), China

摘要

摘要: 目的探究超重儿童对食物线索的注意偏向特点，为超重儿童的行为生活干预方式提供理论依据。方法 2017年9—10月，通过体质量指数(BMI)筛选出沈阳市某小学三至四年级正常儿童与超重儿童各28名，使用点探测研究范式评估超重儿童对食物线索的注意偏向特点。结果在对食物线索的注意偏向分数上，超重儿童与正常儿童差异无统计学意义[F(1, 52)=0.01，P>0.05，ηp² < 0.01]；在对食物线索的注意警觉分数上，超重儿童与正常儿童差异有统计学意义[F(1, 52)=5.94，P < 0.05，ηp²=0.10]，正常儿童对食物线索的注意警觉分数高于超重儿童；在对食物线索的注意解除分数上，超重儿童与正常儿童差异有统计学意义[F(1, 52)=7.74，P < 0.05，ηp²=0.13]，超重儿童的注意解除分数高于正常儿童。结论与正常儿童相比，超重儿童对食物线索并未存在更高的注意偏向；但对食物线索注意偏向的特点不同，正常儿童对食物线索更为警觉，而超重儿童更难以从食物线索中解除注意。
- 超重 /
- 注意力 /
- 精神卫生 /
- 儿童 /
- 食品
Abstract: Objective To explore the characteristics of overweight children's attention bias to food cues, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the behavior and life intervention of overweight children. Methods From September to October 2017, 28 normal-weight children and 28 overweight children in grades 3 to 4 of a primary school in Shenyang were screened by body mass index (BMI). The point detection paradigm was used to evaluate the attention bias of overweight children to food cues. Results There was no significant difference between overweight children and control children in the score of attention bias to food cues [F(1, 52)=0.01, P>0.05, ηp² < 0.01]; there was significant difference between overweight children and normal-weight children in the score of facilitated attention to food cues[F(1, 52)=5.94, P < 0.05, ηp²=0.10], normal-weight children had higher score of facilitated attention to food cues than that of overweight children; there was significant difference between overweight children and normal-weight children in the score of difficulty in disengaging to food cues[F(1, 52)=7.74, P < 0.05, ηp²=0.13], overweight children had higher score of difficulty in disengaging to food cues than that of normal-weight children. Conclusion Compared with normal-weight children, overweight children didn't have higher attention bias to food cues; in the specific indicators of attention bias to food cues, normal-weight children are more alert to food cues, while overweight children are more difficult to remove attention from food cues.
- Overweight /
- Attention /
- Mental health /
- Child /
- Food
注释:

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表 1 不同性别超重与正常组学生点探测任务正确率和反应时(x±s)

Table 1. Point detection task accuracy and response time of students in different gender overweight group and normal group(x±s)

性别	选项	人数	线索一致		线索不一致
性别	选项	人数	正确率	反应时/ms	正确率	反应时/ms
男	超重	18	0.96±0.05	464.51±65.44	0.98±0.04	451.12±67.82
	正常	14	0.98±0.04	432.49±70.70	0.98±0.02	428.50±63.73
女	超重	10	0.99±0.01	470.72±94.70	0.98±0.05	472.25±85.99
	正常	14	0.96±0.06	446.53±70.24	0.97±0.05	436.73±78.64

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表 2 不同性别超重与正常组学生注意偏向及其成分指标得分(x±s)

Table 2. Attention bias and component index scores of overweight and normal students of different genders(x±s)

性别	选项	人数	注意偏向	注意警觉	注意解除
男	超重	18	-13.39±29.11	-8.67±31.10	-4.72±26.56
	正常	14	-3.98±23.16	17.12±28.79	-21.11±24.73
女	超重	10	1.52±34.91	-5.46±21.16	6.98±39.14
	正常	14	-9.80±37.89	7.82±35.63	-17.63±13.85

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