宁夏儿童青少年体育锻炼行为及相关因素社会生态模型分析

黄子睿; 赵海萍; 张慧; 张淑静; 潘婷婷

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.02.010

宁夏儿童青少年体育锻炼行为及相关因素社会生态模型分析

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.02.010

宁夏医科大学公共卫生与管理学院/宁夏环境因素与慢性病控制重点实验室，银川 750004

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 81860582

详细信息

作者简介:
黄子睿(1996-)，男，江苏苏州人，在读硕士，主要研究方向为儿童青少年慢性流行病学

通讯作者:
赵海萍，E-mail：zhpgj@163.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R179 G806
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-07-27
- 修回日期: 2022-11-15
- 网络出版日期: 2023-03-02
- 刊出日期: 2023-02-25

Social ecological model-based analysis of sport exercise behaviors and associated factors among children and adolescents in Ningxia

School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University/Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Yinchuan(750004), China

摘要

摘要: 目的了解2019年宁夏9~18岁儿童青少年体育锻炼行为及其影响因素，从社会生态模型出发为促进儿童青少年体育锻炼提供建议。方法基于2019年“全国学生体质与健康调研”中宁夏地区12 018名9~18岁儿童青少年数据，以社会生态模型4个层次为依据对调查问题进行赋分。结果儿童青少年每日体育锻炼时长不足1 h人数占55.97%。个人、人际关系、社会环境、政策4个层次的因素均与儿童青少年参与运动时长相关(r值分别为-0.01，0.01，-0.08，0.04，P值均 < 0.01)，且个人因素对儿童青少年行为的影响占主导地位。逐步线性回归分析结果显示，个人因素中运动使我健康、我没有足够的时间、肌力锻炼，人际关系中我没有运动伙伴、运动使我认识伙伴，政策中每周体育课数、一学年运动会数、平均每日课间操数都与儿童青少年的体育活动时长相关(B=-0.05~0.16，P值均 < 0.01)。结论宁夏儿童青少年体育锻炼不足，其行为发生是多种因素共同作用的结果。应结合社会生态模型全方位、多样化干预，以促进儿童青少年体育锻炼行为习惯的形成。
- 身体锻炼 /
- 人际关系 /
- 社会环境 /
- 回归分析 /
- 儿童 /
- 青少年
Abstract: Objective To understand the influencing factors underlying physical exercise behavior among children and adolescents aged 9-18 years in Ningxia, China, in 2019, and to provide suggestions for physical exercise among children and adolescents by adopting a social ecological model. Methods Based on data related to 12 018 children and adolescents in Ningxia aged 9-18 years old which were obtained from the National Survey on Students' Constitution and Health in 2019, the survey questions scored based on the four levels of the social ecological model. Results The proportion of children and adolescents who engaged in physical exercise for less than 1 hour a day accounted for 55.97% of the total number of people in Ningxia. Regardless of whether they were able to engage in enough physical activity, individual factors played a dominant role in influencing the behavior of the children and adolescents, and an interaction was found between influencing factors at different levels(r=-0.01, 0.01, -0.08, 0.04, P < 0.01). The results of the stepwise regression analysis showed that the personal factors e.g. sports makes me healthy, I don't have enough time, muscle strength exercise, I have no movement of any relationship partner, sports make me know partner, policy in the number of physical education, number of sports meeting in a school year, the average daily lesson hold number all affect children's sports activities in time(B=-0.05-0.16, P < 0.01). Conclusions The lack of physical exercise among children and adolescents in Ningxia is the result of multiple factors. Comprehensive and diversified intervention should be administered from a socio-ecological framework to promote the formation of physical exercise habits among children and adolescents.
- Exercise movement techniques /
- Interpersonal relations /
- Social environment /
- Regression analysis /
- Child /
- Adolescent
注释:

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图 1 宁夏地区9~18岁儿童青少年体育锻炼不足1 h/d检出情况

Figure 1. Detection of physical exercises with duration of less than 1 h/d among children and adolescents aged of 9-18 years in Ningxia

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表 1 宁夏地区9~18岁儿童青少年每天运动时长的多元线性回归分析(n=12 018)

Table 1. Regression analysis of time of physical exercise every day for children and adolescents aged 9-18 years in Ningxia(n=12 018)

常量与自变量	B值	t值	P值	容差	VIF值
常量		13.54	< 0.01
每周肌力锻炼天数	0.16	12.68	< 0.01	0.92	1.09
每周体育课数	0.09	7.85	< 0.01	0.94	1.06
一学年运动会次数	0.09	7.26	< 0.01	0.95	1.06
没有运动伙伴	-0.05	-3.52	< 0.01	0.82	1.22
运动使我更健康	0.05	3.76	< 0.01	0.96	1.04
平均每日课间操次数	0.05	4.00	< 0.01	0.97	1.03
运动使我认识伙伴	0.04	3.46	< 0.01	0.94	1.06
没有足够时间	-0.04	-3.42	< 0.01	0.81	1.24

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