山东省部分高考新生入伍耳鼻咽喉体检结果分析

田秀娟; 贺祯; 孙经经; 李辉; 任恒一; 陈剑秋

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.01.028

山东省部分高考新生入伍耳鼻咽喉体检结果分析

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.01.028

中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第九六〇医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科, 山东济南 250032

详细信息

作者简介:
田秀娟(1978-)，女，山西吕梁人，硕士，副主任医师，主要从事耳鼻咽喉疾病的中西医治疗和预防工作

通讯作者:
陈剑秋，E-mail: jianqiuc@163.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R179 G478 R762
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-06-18
- 修回日期: 2022-11-28
- 网络出版日期: 2023-02-06
- 刊出日期: 2023-01-25

Analysis of findings of ear, nose, and throat exam of some freshmen in military college entrance examination in Shandong Province

Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, No. 960 Hospital of PLA, Jinan (250032), China

摘要

摘要: 目的分析山东省高考新生入伍耳鼻咽喉检查结果，为有针对性地开展学生健康指导提供参考。方法选取来自山东省济南市、淄博市及潍坊市的1 411名高考入伍新生，通过电耳镜、5 m耳语测试法、前鼻镜等分别检查耳、鼻、咽喉健康状况。结果高考入伍新生鼻部查体中鼻中隔偏曲及下鼻甲肥大最多见。鼻中隔偏曲共489例，济南市检出率（15.97%）低于潍坊市（43.60%）和淄博市（46.53%），城市户籍新生检出率（31.53%）低于乡村户籍新生（39.03%），差异均有统计学意义（χ²值分别为63.32，4.11，P值均 < 0.05）。下鼻甲肥大共72例，济南市检出率（2.99%）低于潍坊市（6.51%）和淄博市（6.04%），男生（4.63%）、城市户籍新生（3.94%）分别低于女生（9.56%）、乡村户籍新生（6.70%），差异均有统计学意义（χ²值分别为6.63，5.35，4.86，P值均 < 0.05）。咽部查体中扁桃体肥大最多见，共214例，济南市检出率（22.36%）高于潍坊市（11.71%）和淄博市（10.74%），男生检出率（14.38%）低于女生检出率（22.79%），城市户籍新生检出率（17.24%）高于乡村户籍新生（12.40%），差异均有统计学意义（χ²值分别为22.39，4.70，4.65，P值均 < 0.05）。结论入伍体检合格的高考新生中鼻中隔偏曲和扁桃体肥大占比较高，应注重加强高中生鼻部及咽部疾患的防治。
- 耳鼻喉疾病 /
- 体格检查 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective To analyze the ear, nose, and throat exam of some freshmen in the military college entrance examination in Shandong Province in 2020 and to facilitate adolescent targeted health promotion. Methods The 1 411 freshmen participating in the military college entrance examination in Jinan, Zibo and Weifang of Shandong Province were included. The ear, nose, and throat exam were performed by professionals using electric otoscope, 5 meter whispering test, and front rhinoscope. Results Nasal septal deviation and hypertrophy of inferior turbinate accounted for the highest proportion. Among 489 cases of nasal septum deviation, the detection rate of Jinan (15.97%) was significantly lower than that of Weifang (43.60%) and Zibo (46.53%) (χ²=63.32, P < 0.05). For deviation of nasal septum, the detection rate in students with urban residence (31.53%) was significantly lower than that of rural students (39.03%) (χ²=4.11, P < 0.05). Seventy two cases of inferior turbinate hyperplasia were detected, and the detection rate in Jinan (2.99%) was significantly lower than that in Weifang (6.51%) and Zibo (6.04%) (χ²=6.63, P < 0.05). The detection rate of tonsil hypertrophy was significantly lower in boys (4.63%), students from urban area (3.94%), compared with that of girls(9.56%) and rural students (6.70%) (χ²=5.35, 4.86, P < 0.05). In pharyngeal examination, tonsil hyperplasia was the most common condition of enlarged tonsils (n=214), which was significantly higher in Jinan(22.36%) than that of Weifang (11.71%) and Zibo (10.74%) (χ²=22.39, P < 0.05), and was significantly lower in boys (14.38%) and rural students (12.40%) than that in girls (22.79%) and urban students (17.24%) (χ²=4.70, 4.65, P < 0.05). Conclusion Nasal septum deviation and tonsil hypertrophy are the most prevalent upper airway diseases among freshmen participating in the military college entrance examination. Prevention and treatment of nasopharynx diseases should be emphasized.
- Otorhinolaryngologic diseases /
- Physical examination /
- Students
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表 1 不同组别考生主要阳性体征检出率比较

Table 1. Comparison of detection rate of main positive signs in different groups

组别	选项	人数	统计值	鼻中隔偏曲	下鼻甲肥大	扁桃体肥大
性别	男	1 273		436(34.25)	59(4.63)	183(14.38)
	女	136		53(38.97)	13(9.56)	31(22.79)
			χ²值	0.57	5.35	4.70
			P值	0.45	0.02	0.03
户籍地	城市	812		256(31.53)	32(3.94)	140(17.24)
	乡村	597		233(39.03)	40(6.70)	74(12.40)
			χ²值	4.11	4.86	4.65
			P值	0.04	0.03	0.03
地区	济南	501		80(15.97)	15(2.99)	112(22.36)
	潍坊	461		201(43.60)	30(6.51)	54 (11.71)
	淄博	447		208(46.53)	27(6.04)	48(10.74)
			χ²值	63.32	6.63	22.39
			P值	< 0.01	0.04	< 0.01
注：()内数字为检出率/%。

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