上海市青少年对电子烟认知的影响因素分析

王娟娟; 张露露; 戴珞佳; 谭银亮; 朱静芬

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.01.012

上海市青少年对电子烟认知的影响因素分析

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.01.012

王娟娟¹,
张露露¹,
戴珞佳¹,
谭银亮¹,
朱静芬^{1, 2, ,}

1.
上海交通大学公共卫生学院, 上海 200025
2.
上海交通大学中国医院发展研究院

基金项目:

国家社会科学基金项目 20BSH133

详细信息

作者简介:
王娟娟(1998-), 女, 湖南永州人, 在读硕士, 主要研究方向为健康行为与健康促进

通讯作者:
朱静芬, E-mail: zhujingfenjt@163.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: G478 R179
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- 文章访问数: 425
- HTML全文浏览量: 211
- PDF下载量: 57
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-06-19
- 修回日期: 2022-08-09
- 网络出版日期: 2023-02-06
- 刊出日期: 2023-01-25

Analysis of the influencing factors on the perceptions of e-cigarette among adolescents in Shanghai

1.
School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai(200025), China

摘要

摘要: 目的了解上海市青少年对电子烟的认知情况及其影响因素，为青少年电子烟防控措施的制定和调整提供参考。方法于2021年5—6月采用分层随机整群抽样对上海市7 456名中学生进行问卷调查，内容包括电子烟危害、自身益处、社会环境益处认知等。结果青少年曾经和现在电子烟使用率分别为3.19%，1.09%。电子烟使用(OR=2.74，95%CI=2.10~3.59)、高中生(OR=1.47，95%CI=1.32~1.64)、家长(OR=1.45，95%CI=1.24~1.70)和朋友使用电子烟(OR=1.36，95%CI=1.20~1.54)为低电子烟危害认知的前4位风险因素；电子烟使用(OR=2.77，95%CI=1.97~3.89)、高中生(OR=2.11，95%CI=1.89~2.36)、朋友(OR=1.63，95%CI=1.42~1.87)和家长使用电子烟(OR=1.39，95%CI=1.18~1.65)为高电子烟自身益处认知的前4位风险因素；使用电子烟(OR=1.95，95%CI=1.47~2.59)、高中生(OR=1.73，95%CI=1.55~1.93)、朋友(OR=1.60，95%CI=1.40~1.82)和零花钱≥200元(OR=1.29，95%CI=1.17~1.43)为高电子烟社会环境益处认知的前4位风险因素。电子烟危害、自身益处和社会环境益处认知与未来可能会使用电子烟风险存在相关性(OR值分别为0.78，1.44，1.21，P值均 < 0.01)。结论自身、朋友和家人使用电子烟及高中生是影响青少年电子烟认知的重要因素。电子烟的低危害认知和高益处认知均增加青少年未来使用电子烟的风险，需采取有效措施开展电子烟控烟教育及无烟环境建设。
- 烟草 /
- 认知 /
- 回归分析 /
- 健康教育 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective To assess the status of current e-cigarette perception and its influencing factors among adolescents in Shanghai, so as to provide reference for the refinement of the prevention and control measures of teenagers' e-cigarette use. Methods From May to June 2021, a stratified random cluster sampling was used to investigate 7 456 junior high and high school students in Shanghai. Harm and benefit perception of e-cigarette as well as its social-environment benefits were collected. Results The rate of adolescents' ever and current e-cigarette use was 3.19% and 1.09%, respectively. The top four risk factors for low harm perception of e-cigarette were adolescent e-cigarette use(OR=2.74, 95%CI=2.10-3.59), high school students (OR=1.47, 95%CI=1.32-1.64), family members (OR=1.45, 95%CI=1.24-1.70) and friends (OR=1.36, 95%CI=1.20-1.54) using e-cigarette. Adolescent e-cigarette use (OR=2.77, 95%CI=1.97-3.89), high school students(OR=2.11, 95%CI=1.89-2.36), friends (OR=1.63, 95%CI=1.42-1.87) and family members using e-cigarette(OR=1.39, 95%CI=1.18-1.65) were the top four associated factors for high benefit perception of e-cigarette. And, adolescent e-cigarette use (OR=1.95, 95%CI=1.47-2.59), high school students (OR=1.73, 95%CI=1.55-1.93), friends (OR=1.60, 95%CI=1.40-1.82) and pocket money≥200 yuan using e-cigarette(OR=1.29, 95%CI=1.17-1.43) were the top four risk factors for high social-environmental benefit perception of e-cigarette. Moreover, perception of e-cigarette harm, benefit and social-environmental benefit were associated with the risk of future use of e-cigarette(OR=0.78, 1.44, 1.21, P < 0.01). Conclusion Being high school students and using e-cigarette by oneself, friends, and family members are the important influencing factors for adolescents' e-cigarette perception. Both low-harm and high-benefit perception of e-cigarette elevate the risk of future e-cigarette use among adolescents, so effective measures should be taken to promote control education about e-cigarette and smoke-free environment construction.
- Tobacco /
- Cognition /
- Regression analysis /
- Health education /
- Students
注释:

1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。

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表 1 青少年电子烟认知的多因素Logistic回归分析

Table 1. The multi-factor and Logistic regression analysis of adolescents' perceptions of e-cigarettes

调查内容	人数	电子烟危害认知			电子烟自身益处认知			电子烟社会环境益处认知
调查内容	人数	低认知人数	低认知率/%	OR值(OR值95%CI)	高认知人数	高认知率/%	OR值(OR值95%CI)	高认知人数	高认知率/%	OR值(OR值95%CI)
性别
男	3 846	1 397	36.32	1.00	2 181	56.71	1.00	1 959	50.94	1.00
女	3 610	1 250	34.63	0.95(0.87~1.06)	2 151	59.58	1.13(1.03~1.25)^*	2 013	55.76	1.22(1.11~1.34)^**
学校
初中	4 498	1 387	30.84	1.00	2 228	49.53	1.00	2 079	46.22	1.00
高中	2 958	1 260	42.60	1.47(1.32~1.64)^**	2 104	71.13	2.11(1.89~2.36)^**	1 893	64.00	1.73(1.55~1.93)^**
住宿
住校	855	341	39.88	1.00	582	68.07	1.00	524	61.29	1.00
不住校	6 601	2 306	34.93	1.02(0.87~1.20)	3 750	56.81	0.97(0.82~1.14)	3 448	52.23	1.01(0.86~1.18)
成绩
前25%	2 671	873	32.68	1.00	1 485	55.60	1.00	1 419	53.13	1.00
中等	3 413	1 225	35.89	1.15(1.03~1.28)^*	2 015	59.04	1.15(1.03~1.28)^*	1 802	52.80	0.97(0.87~1.08)
后25%	1 372	549	40.01	1.30(1.14~1.50)^**	832	60.64	1.20(1.04~1.38)^*	751	54.74	1.04(0.91~1.19)
零花钱/元
< 200	4 512	1 461	32.38	1.00	2 402	53.24	1.00	2 185	48.43	1.00
≥200	2 944	1 186	40.29	1.17(1.06~1.30)^**	1 930	65.56	1.23(1.11~1.37)^**	1 787	60.70	1.29(1.17~1.43)^**
朋友电子烟使用情况
无	6 022	1 964	32.61	1.00	3 268	54.27	1.00	2 998	49.78	1.00
有	1 434	683	47.63	1.36(1.20~1.54)^**	1 064	74.20	1.63(1.42~1.87)^**	974	67.92	1.60(1.40~1.82)^**
家长电子烟使用情况
无	6 725	2 312	34.38	1.00	3 843	57.14	1.00	3 531	52.51	1.00
有	731	335	45.83	1.45(1.24~1.70)^**	489	66.89	1.39(1.18~1.65)^**	441	60.33	1.28(1.09~1.50)^**
电子烟使用情况
从未吸过	7 137	2 428	34.02	1.00	4 060	56.89	1.00	3 736	52.35	1.00
吸过	319	219	68.65	2.74(2.10~3.59)^**	272	85.27	2.77(1.97~3.89)^**	236	73.98	1.95(1.47~2.59)^**
卷烟使用情况
从未吸过	6 968	2 392	34.33	1.00	3 982	57.15	1.00	3 682	52.84	1.00
吸过	488	255	52.25	1.34(1.09~1.65)^**	350	71.72	1.28(1.02~1.60)^*	290	59.43	0.92(0.75~1.13)
注：电子烟认知按中位数分为两类(电子烟危害认知高=1、低=2，电子烟自身益处认知和电子烟社会环境益处认知低=1、高=2)；P < 0.05，*P < 0.01。

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表 2 从未使用电子烟者未来电子烟使用意向的多因素Logistic回归分析

Table 2. The multi-factor Logistic analysis of future e-cigarette use intention of never e-cigarette users

自变量	人数	未来可能会使用电子烟报告人数	模型1		模型2
自变量	人数	未来可能会使用电子烟报告人数	OR值	95%CI	OR值	95%CI
危害认知
高	4 709	130(2.76)	1.00		1.00
低	2 428	210(8.65)	3.00	2.39~3.76	2.79	2.22~3.52
总分			0.78	0.74~0.82	0.78	0.74~0.82
自身益处认知
低	3 077	39(1.27)	1.00		1.00
高	4 060	301(7.41)	5.34	3.80~7.51	4.86	3.45~6.85
总分			1.46	1.38~1.53	1.44	1.36~1.52
社会环境益处认知
低	3 401	91(2.68)	1.00		1.00
高	3 736	249(6.66)	2.25	1.76~2.89	2.08	1.62~2.68
总分			1.23	1.17~1.29	1.21	1.15~1.27
注： ()内数字为报告率/%；以未来电子烟使用意向(无=1，有=2)为因变量；模型1校正学校类型、性别、住宿、成绩、零花钱；模型2校正学校类型、性别、住宿、成绩、零花钱、朋友(家人)卷烟使用、朋友(家人)电子烟使用、卷烟使用；P值均 < 0.01。

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