中国六省中小学生营养成分表知晓水平及相关因素分析

崔佳; 张竞雯; 相林; 叶丽红; 闫睿杰; 胡奕娈; 唐玉香; 宫恩莹; 张娟

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.01.011

中国六省中小学生营养成分表知晓水平及相关因素分析

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.01.011

1.
中国医学科学院北京协和医学院群医学及公共卫生学院，北京 100730
2.
石家庄统计局

基金项目:

世界卫生组织驻华代表处中国公众对营养标签认知的探索性研究项目 20200622FOPL

北京协和医学院群医学及公共卫生学院学科建设揭榜挂帅项目 WH10022022034

详细信息

作者简介:
崔佳(1998-), 女, 河北石家庄人, 在读硕士, 主要研究方向为慢性病流行病学

通讯作者:
宫恩莹, E-mail: gongenying@cams.cn

利益冲突声明 文中所涉观点仅代表作者，不一定反映世界卫生组织的立场与观点。所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R179 R151 R153.2 G478
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-06-02
- 修回日期: 2022-08-28
- 网络出版日期: 2023-02-06
- 刊出日期: 2023-01-25

Awareness of nutrition labeling among primary and middle school students in six provinces of China

1.
School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing(100730), China

摘要

摘要: 目的了解中国六省中小学生营养成分表知晓水平及影响因素，为提升中小学生对营养成分表的知晓水平提供依据。方法 2020年7月—2021年3月使用自编问卷，采用多阶段分层抽样方法对中国六省/直辖市(北京、江苏、广东、黑龙江、河南、四川)72所学校的中小学生及其家长进行调查。2 499对经匹配的学生、家长被纳入分析，分别收集学生、家长的人口学特征，营养成分表的知晓水平及家长选择盐、糖、脂肪含量较低预包装食品的能力。采用单因素分析和多因素Logistic回归分析，分析与学生知晓营养成分表相关的主要因素。结果学生营养成分表知晓率为78.2%(1 953/2 499)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示，就读中学、居住在城市、家长年龄较大的学生更可能知晓营养成分表[OR值分别为1.54，1.32，1.60(家长年龄为41~45岁)，1.45(家长年龄为＞45岁)，P值均＜0.05]；且学生家长对营养成分表的知晓水平与其孩子的知晓水平存在正相关(OR=1.28，P＜0.05)。结论中国六省/直辖市80%中小学生知晓营养成分表，且家长知晓水平与学生知晓水平密切相关，家长是学生营养教育的重要角色。
- 营养成分表 /
- 认知 /
- 健康教育 /
- 回归分析 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective To investigate the awareness of nutrition labeling and associated factors among primary and middle school students in six provinces of China, to provide a basis for improving the awareness level of nutrition table of primary and middle school students. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among primary and secondary school students and their parents from 72 schools from six provinces by using the multi-stage stratified sampling strategy during July, 2020 to March 2021. A total of 2 499 parent-child dyads were included in the analysis, demographic characteristics and awareness of nutrition labeling of both parents and students, as well as parents' ability to select healthy pre-packaged foods were collected by questionnaires. Univariate analysis and multivariate Logistic analysis were performed to explore associated factors related to awareness of the nutrition labeling. Results About 78.2%(1 953/2 499) of the students were aware of the nutrition labeling. Junior school students, urban students, students whose parents were older were more likely to be aware of the nutrition labeling [OR=1.54, 1.32, 1.60(parents aged from 41 to 45 years old), 1.45(parents aged above 45 years old), P < 0.05]. Parental awareness of the nutrition labeling showed a positive association with students' awareness (OR=1.28, P < 0.05). Conclusion Nearly 80% of Chinese primary and middle school students in six provinces are aware of nutrition labeling, and the level of parental awareness is closely related to the level of students awareness. Parents play an important role in students' nutrition education.
- Nutrition board /
- Cognition /
- Health education /
- Regression analysis /
- Students
注释:

1) 利益冲突声明 文中所涉观点仅代表作者，不一定反映世界卫生组织的立场与观点。所有作者声明无利益冲突。

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表 1 不同人口统计学特征中小学生营养成分表知晓率比较

Table 1. Comparison of the awareness of nutrition facts panel among primary and middle school students with different characteristics

人口学指标	组别	人数	知晓人数	χ²值	P值
性别	男	1 227	946(77.1)	1.56	0.21
	女	1 272	1 007(79.2)
学段	小学	1 220	896(73.4)	30.95	< 0.01
	中学	1 279	1 057(82.6)
居住地	农村	995	743(74.7)	11.71	0.01
	城市	1 504	1 210(80.5)
独生子女	是	1 040	848(81.5)	11.97	< 0.01
	否	1 459	1 105(75.7)
注： ()内数字为知晓率/%。

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表 2 不同组别家长中小学生营养成分表知晓率比较

Table 2. Comparison of the awareness of nutrition facts panel among primary and middle school students with different parental characteristics

组别	选项	人数	知晓人数	χ²值	P值
家长	父亲	731	569(77.8)	0.67	0.72
	母亲	1 676	1 315(78.5)
	其他	92	69(75.0)
年龄/岁	≤35	468	336(71.8)	26.49	< 0.01
	36~40	955	728(76.2)
	41~45	683	570(83.5)
	＞45	393	319(81.2)
选择盐、糖、脂肪含量较低预包装食品的能力	较差	1 001	786(78.5)	0.24	0.89
	一般	1 030	800(77.7)
	较强	468	367(78.4)
知晓营养成分表	不知晓	525	390(74.3)	5.82	0.02
	知晓	1 974	1 563(79.2)
注： ()内数字为知晓率/%。

下载: 导出CSV

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