Mediating effect of 24-hour movement behavior in the association between smartphone addiction and anxiety among college students
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摘要:
目的 构建成分中介模型以探索24 h活动行为在手机成瘾与焦虑间的中介效应。 方法 采用方便抽样法于2020年2—3月选取广东省和山西省2所省属医药类高校10 420名在校大学生进行电子问卷调查，内容包括大学生的人口学特征、24 h活动行为、智能手机成瘾量表(SAS-SV)和焦虑自评量表(SAS)调查等。采用成分中介模型分析24 h活动行为在手机成瘾与焦虑间的中介效应。 结果 有1 114名学生检出焦虑，检出率为10.69%。手机成瘾与久坐行为(SB)增加[协变量系数α(95%CI)=0.07(0.05~1.00)]、中高强度身体活动(MVPA)和低强度身体活动(LPA)减少[协变量系数α(95%CI)分别为-0.19(-0.25~-0.13)，-0.05(-0.08~-0.03)]有关(P值均 < 0.05)。LPA在手机成瘾和焦虑中存在中介效应[OR值(OR值95%CI)=0.99(0.98~1.00)，P < 0.05]。手机成瘾与焦虑的关系主要由直接效应主导[调整协变量：OR值(OR值95%CI)=3.02(2.55~3.61)，P < 0.05]。 结论 手机成瘾与SB增加及MVPA、LPA减少有关，手机成瘾会增加大学生患焦虑的风险，而LPA可作为中介因子介导手机成瘾和焦虑间的关联。学校应关注学生手机成瘾情况。 Abstract:Objective To explore the mediation effect of movement behavior in the association between smartphone addiction and anxiety based on a compositional mediation model. Methods The electronic questionnaire surveys among 10 420 college students were conducted at two medical universities in Guangdong and Shanxi from February to March, 2020, including demographic characteristics, 24-hour movement behavior, Smartphone Addiction Scale Short Version, and Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) scores. The compositional mediation model was used to analyze the mediating effect of 24-hour movement behavior on smartphone addiction and anxiety. Results There were 1 114 college students with anxiety, and the prevalence rate was 10.69%. Smartphone addiction was associated with increased sedentary behavior (SB) [coefficient α (95%CI)=0.07(0.05-1.00), P < 0.05], and reduced moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA) and light-intensity physical activity (LPA) [coefficient α (95%CI) were-0.19(-0.25--0.13) and-0.05(-0.08--0.03), P < 0.05]. Indirect effects of LPA were associated with smartphone addiction and anxiety [OR(95%CI)=0.99 (0.98-1.00), P < 0.05]. The relationship between mobile phone addiction and anxiety was mainly dominated by direct effects [total direct effect: OR(95%CI)=3.02(2.55-3.61), P < 0.05]. Conclusion Smartphone addiction is associated with an increase in SB and a decrease in MVPA and LPA. Smartphone addiction can increase the risk of anxiety among college students, and LPA might act as a mediator in the relationship between smartphone addiction and anxiety.School should pay attention to students' mobile phone addiction. -
Key words:
- Motor activity /
- Cellular phone /
- Behavior, addictive /
- Anxiety /
- Students
1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。2) 林自强与程金群为并列第一作者 -
表 1 焦虑与非焦虑大学生各人口学特征分布比较
Table 1. Comparison of the distribution of anxious and non-anxious students on different demographic characteristics
组别 人数 性别 居住地 专业* 规律运动习惯 男 女 乡村 城镇 医护 非医护 有 无 焦虑 1 114 395(35.46) 719(64.54) 506(45.42) 608(54.58) 704(63.20) 410(36.80) 432(38.78) 682(61.22) 非焦虑 9 306 2 600(27.94) 6 706(72.06) 3 831(41.17) 5 475(58.83) 5 679(61.03) 3 626(38.97) 3 818(41.03) 5 488(58.97) χ2值 27.46 7.41 1.96 2.08 P值 < 0.01 < 0.01 0.16 0.15 组别 人数 父亲文化程度 母亲文化程度 手机成瘾 小学及以下 初/高/中专 大专及以上 小学及以下 初/高/中专 大专及以上 有 无 焦虑 1 114 203(18.22) 732(65.71) 179(16.07) 309(27.74) 655(58.80) 150(13.46) 890(79.89) 224(20.11) 非焦虑 9 306 1 531(16.45) 6 058(65.10) 1 717(18.45) 2 315(24.88) 5 555(59.69) 1 436(15.43) 5 307(57.03) 3 999(42.97) χ2值 5.03 5.90 214.85 P值 0.08 0.05 < 0.01 注： ( )内数字为构成比/%；*表示该项目数据有缺失值。 
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