宁波市2014—2021年学生食源性疾病流行特征和病原学分析

蒋丹捷; 郭延波; 王经晖; 高华; 龚清海; 张琰

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.11.030

宁波市2014—2021年学生食源性疾病流行特征和病原学分析

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.11.030

浙江省宁波市疾病预防控制中心食品安全(学校卫生)所，315010

基金项目:

宁波市医学科技计划项目 2021Y26

宁波市医疗卫生品牌学科 PPXK2018-10

详细信息

作者简介:
蒋丹捷(1993-)，女，浙江宁波人，硕士，医师，主要研究方向为流行病学与卫生统计学

通讯作者:
张琰，E-mail：348535614@qq.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R155 R181.3 R193
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-05-26
- 修回日期: 2022-09-13
- 网络出版日期: 2022-11-30
- 刊出日期: 2022-11-25

Epidemiological characteristics and pathogen analysis of foodborne diseases among students in Ningbo during 2014-2021

Food Safety (School Hygiene) Institute, Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo(315010), Zhejiang Province, China

摘要

摘要: 目的分析2014—2021年宁波市学生人群食源性疾病流行病学及病原学特征，为预防和控制学生人群食源性疾病提供科学依据。方法从浙江省食源性疾病监测系统收集2014—2021年在宁波市所有监测医院就诊的学生人群食源性疾病病例信息，并进行流行病学特征和病原学分析。结果共报告3 602例学生人群食源性疾病病例，其中男生占54.58%，女生占45.42%，18岁及以上年龄组为高发人群，发病时间主要呈现5—6和9—10月2个高峰。可疑食品以肉与肉制品占比最大(21.11%)，病原阳性检出率从高到低依次为诺如病毒11.20%、副溶血性弧菌3.30%、沙门菌1.77%、致泻大肠埃希菌1.30%和志贺菌0.18%。结论宁波市学生人群食源性疾病主要可疑食品以肉与肉制品为主，主要致病病原体为诺如病毒，需加强食品安全健康教育，强化食品安全监管。
- 食品污染 /
- 流行病学研究 /
- 肠道病毒感染 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective To analyze the epidemiological and pathogenic characteristics of foodborne diseases among students in Ningbo from 2014 to 2021, so as to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of foodborne diseases in schools. Methods Information on foodborne disease cases among students attending all surveillance hospitals in Ningbo from 2014 to 2021 was collected from the Foodborne Disease Surveillance System of Zhejiang Province, and epidemiological characteristics and pathogenic analysis were analyzed. Results A total of 3 602 cases of foodborne diseases in the student population were reported in Ningbo, of which 54.58% were males and 45.42% were females. Students aged 18 years and above accounted for the highest incidence group, and the incidence time mainly showed two peaks in May to June and September to October. Meat and meat products accounted for the largest proportion of suspicious foods (21.11%), and the positive pathogen detection rates were 11.20% for Norovirus, 3.30% for Vibrio parahaemolyticus, 1.77% for Salmonella, 1.30% for diarrheogenic Escherichia coli and 0.18% for Shigella. Conclusion The main suspect foods for foodborne diseases among students in Ningbo are primarily meat and meat products, and the main etiological agent is norovirus, which requires strengthening food safety health education and food safety management.
- Food contamination /
- Epidemiologic studies /
- Enterovirus infections /
- Students
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表 1 宁波市2014—2021年学生人群食源性疾病性别和年龄分布

Table 1. Gender and age distribution of foodborne illnesses in the student population in Ningbo, 2014-2021

年份	人数	性别		年龄/岁
年份	人数	男	女	7~12	13~17	≥18
2014	243	123(50.62)	120(49.38)	43(17.70)	71(29.22)	129(53.09)
2015	408	217(53.19)	191(46.81)	74(18.14)	130(31.86)	204(50.00)
2016	427	220(51.52)	207(48.48)	79(18.50)	107(25.06)	241(56.44)
2017	443	229(51.69)	214(48.31)	49(11.06)	163(36.79)	231(52.14)
2018	391	211(53.96)	180(46.04)	94(24.04)	107(27.37)	190(48.59)
2019	526	309(58.75)	217(41.25)	72(13.69)	178(33.84)	276(52.47)
2020	533	285(53.47)	248(46.53)	126(23.64)	181(33.96)	226(42.40)
2021	631	372(58.95)	259(41.05)	124(19.65)	230(33.96)	277(43.90)
注： ()内数字为构成比/%。

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表 2 宁波市2014—2021年学生人群食源性疾病致病病原体阳性检出率

Table 2. Detection rates of foodborne disease-causing pathogens in the student population in Ningbo, 2014-2021

年份	沙门菌		副溶血性弧菌		志贺菌		诺如病毒		致泻大肠埃希菌
年份	检测数	阳性数	检测数	阳性数	检测数	阳性数	检测数	阳性数	检测数	阳性数
2014	238	0	235	11(4.68)	236	2(0.85)	27	0	236	0
2015	407	1(0.25)	406	6(1.48)	405	1(0.25)	84	11(13.10)	220	0
2016	316	3(0.95)	314	11(3.50)	317	2(0.63)	109	14(12.84)	171	0
2017	336	8(2.38)	336	14(4.17)	336	0	250	34(13.60)	295	4(1.36)
2018	285	6(2.11)	285	7(2.46)	283	0	205	23(11.22)	241	6(2.49)
2019	375	8(2.13)	375	14(3.73)	375	0	281	35(12.46)	316	9(2.85)
2020	349	8(2.29)	350	15(4.29)	350	0	197	19(9.64)	245	4(1.63)
2021	455	15(3.30)	455	13(2.86)	453	0	303	27(8.91)	345	4(1.16)
注： ()内数字为检出率/%。

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