河南中小学生龋齿现状及相关因素分析

杨梦利; 娄晓民; 徐学琴; 全善爱

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.11.025

河南中小学生龋齿现状及相关因素分析

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.11.025

1.
河南中医药大学医学院，郑州 450046
2.
郑州大学公共卫生学院

基金项目:

河南省科技攻关项目 222102320245

河南中医药大学科研苗圃 MP2022-09

详细信息

作者简介:
杨梦利(1987-)，女，河南省人，硕士，讲师，主要研究方向为学生生长发育及发育期疾病

通讯作者:
娄晓民，E-mail: louxm@zzu.edu.cn

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R788 R179
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-07-06
- 修回日期: 2022-07-27
- 网络出版日期: 2022-11-30
- 刊出日期: 2022-11-25

Analysis of dental caries among primary and middle school students in Henan Province

1.
Henan University of Chinese Medicine School of Medicine, Zhengzhou(450046), China

摘要

摘要: 目的分析河南省中小学生龋齿患病现状，探讨其影响因素，为防控学生龋齿提供参考。方法利用2019年河南省学生体质健康调研数据，分析7，9，12，14岁学生龋齿相关指标，利用χ²检验比较男女、城乡学生龋齿检出率和有无龋齿组贫血检出率，利用方差分析比较有无患龋学生的身高情况，利用多因素Logistic回归分析龋齿的相关因素。结果中小学生龋齿患病率为56.6%，男生(53.4%)低于女生(59.7%)，城市学生(53.4%)低于乡村学生(59.8%)(χ²值分别为52.31，54.00，P值均 < 0.01)。无龋齿组的身高高于有龋齿组，身高差值为0.5~1.6 cm; 随年龄增加，龋齿患病率呈下降趋势(χ_趋势²=992.01，P < 0.01);有龋齿组的贫血检出率(16.7%)高于无龋齿组(14.9%)，差异有统计学意义(χ²=7.98, P < 0.01)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示，年龄(OR=0.82)、性别(OR=1.27)、城乡(OR=1.26)、超重(OR=0.67)、肥胖(OR=0.67)均与龋齿存在相关性(P值均 < 0.01)。结论河南中小学生龋齿患病率较高，龋齿影响学生生长发育和营养状况，应加强对中小学生龋齿的防控措施。
- 龋齿 /
- 回归分析 /
- 患病率 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective To analyze dental caries and associated factors among primary and middle school students in Henan Province, so as to provide reference for dental caries prevention and control. Methods The data of physical health survey of students in Henan Province in 2019 was analyzed for caries and other related index of students aged 7, 9, 12, 14 years. Chi-square test was used to compare detection rate of caries by sex and residence, analysis of variance was used to compare the height between with and without risk of caries, and Logistic regression analysis was conducted for the influencing factors of caries. Results The caries rate was 56.6%. And the male students' (53.4%) was lower than the female students' (59.7%). The urban students' (53.4%) was lower than the rural students' (59.8%)(χ²=52.31, 54.00, P < 0.01). The height of the caries-free group was higher than that of the caries group, and the height difference was 0.5-1.6 cm; the prevalence of caries decreased with the increase of age(χ²=992.01, P < 0.01). The detection rate of anemia in caries group (16.7%) was higher than that in caries free group (14.9%)(χ²=7.98, P < 0.01). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age (OR=0.82) gender (OR=1.27) urban area and rural (OR=1.26) overweight (OR=0.67) and obesity (OR=0.67) were all influencing factors of dental caries(P < 0.01). Conclusion Dental caries is high among primary and middle school students in Henan Province, and dental caries affects their growth, development and nutritional status, and the prevention and control measures of dental caries among primary and middle school students should be strengthened.
- Dental caries /
- Regression analysis /
- Prevalence /
- Students
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表 1 有无龋齿中小学生各年龄组身高比较/cm

Table 1. Comparison of height among age groups of primary and secondary school students with and without caries/cm

有无龋齿	7岁		9岁		12岁		14岁
有无龋齿	人数	x±s	人数	x±s	人数	x±s	人数	x±s
无	992	127.2±5.5	1 004	139.0±6.1	1 919	156.4±7.1	1 865	164.3±7.3
有	2 344	126.7±5.5	2 326	137.7±6.0	1 397	154.8±7.2	1 460	163.2±7.4
t值		5.98		33.48		37.51		18.57
P值		0.02		< 0.01		< 0.01		< 0.01

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表 2 有无龋齿各年龄组中小学生贫血检出率比较

Table 2. Comparison of anemia among age groups of primary and secondary school students with and without caries

有无龋齿	7岁		9岁		12岁		14岁		合计
有无龋齿	人数	贫血人数	人数	贫血人数	人数	贫血人数	人数	贫血人数	人数	贫血人数
无	992	203(20.5)	1 004	160(15.9)	1 919	206(10.7)	1 865	294(15.8)	5 780	863(14.9)
有	2 344	486(20.7)	2 326	352(15.1)	1 397	177(12.7)	1 460	245(16.8)	7 527	1 260(16.7)
χ²值		0.03		0.35		2.96		0.62		7.98
P值		0.89		0.57		0.09		0.45		0.01
注： ()内数字为检出率/%。

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表 3 中小学生龋齿相关因素Logistic回归分析(n=13 307)

Table 3. Logistic regression analysis of related factors of dental caries(n=13 307)

自变量与常量	选项	β值	Wald χ²值	P值	OR值(OR值95%CI)
年龄		-0.20	815.48	< 0.01	0.82(0.81~0.83)
性别	女	0.24	41.33	< 0.01	1.27(1.18~1.36)
城乡	乡村	0.23	39.65	< 0.01	1.26(1.17~1.35)
BMI	超重	-0.41	59.67	< 0.01	0.67(0.60~0.74)
	肥胖	-0.40	48.31	< 0.01	0.67(0.60~0.75)
常量		1.76	259.75	< 0.01	5.81
注：性别以男为参照组，城乡以城市为参照组，BMI以正常为参照组。

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