重庆市0~12岁儿童维生素D营养状况

王旭; 刘霞; 朱兰兰; 邓宇; 肖湘; 刘永; 刘峰

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.11.010

重庆市0~12岁儿童维生素D营养状况

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.11.010

王旭¹,
刘霞²,
朱兰兰¹,
邓宇¹,
肖湘¹,
刘永³,
刘峰^1, ,

1.
重庆医药高等专科学校临床医学院, 重庆 401331
2.
重庆市妇幼保健院儿童保健科
3.
重庆医药高等专科学校护理学院

基金项目:

重庆市卫生健康委项目 2019MSXM016

重庆市高等职业技术教育研究会高等教育科学研究课题 GY201057

详细信息

作者简介:
王旭(1982-), 男, 山东莱州人, 硕士, 讲师, 主要从事营养与疾病教学相关工作

通讯作者:
刘峰, E-mail: weush1976@163.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R 151 R 153.2 R 446
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-05-27
- 修回日期: 2022-07-12
- 网络出版日期: 2022-11-30
- 刊出日期: 2022-11-25

Analysis of vitamin D nutritional status among children aged 0 to 12 years in Chongqing

WANG Xu¹,
LIU Xia²,
ZHU Lanlan¹,
DENG Yu¹,
XIAO Xiang¹,
LIU Yong³,
LIU Feng^{1
, ,}

1.
School of Clinical Medicine, Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing (401331), China

摘要

摘要: 目的了解重庆市0~12岁儿童维生素D营养状况，分析其维生素D缺乏(vitamin D deficiency, VDD)可能的影响因素。方法随机抽取2019年1月至2021年12月于重庆市妇幼保健院进行规律儿童保健的0~6岁儿童1 877名和重庆市3所小学6~12岁学龄儿童707名，采集静脉血采用化学发光法检测血清25-(OH)-D水平，自行设计问卷并分析维生素D缺乏可能的影响因素。结果儿童血清25-(OH)-D平均质量体积浓度为(39.9±9.1) ng/mL，VDD检出率为14.59%。不同年龄段、就诊时间、就诊季节、体型、户外活动时间和维生素D补充情况儿童VDD检出率(0~3，4~6，7~12岁分别为14.73%，22.19%，10.47%；疫情前、疫情后分别为11.18%，17.08%；就诊季节春、夏、秋、冬分别为12.97%，10.65%，14.86%，21.33%；体型消瘦或正常、超重或肥胖分别为12.34%，26.13%；户外活动时间充足、不足分别为11.84%，16.27%；补充维生素D、未补充维生素D分别为11.71%，15.62%)，差异均有统计学意义(χ²值分别为26.17，17.59，30.98，53.74，9.60，6.17，P值均＜0.05)。体型消瘦或正常、户外活动时间充足和规律补充维生素D与儿童VDD均呈负相关[OR值(OR值95%CI)分别为0.68(0.55~0.84)，0.57(0.25~0.77)，0.62(0.44~0.85)，P值均＜0.05]。结论重庆市学龄前及学龄儿童VDD检出率高，控制超重/肥胖、增加户外活动时间和口服维生素D制剂等群体防控策略可能改善维生素D缺乏情况。
- 维生素D /
- 营养状况 /
- 回归分析 /
- 维生素D缺乏 /
- 儿童
Abstract: Objective To investigate the nutritional status and associated factors of vitamin D among children aged 0 to 12 years old in Chongqing. Methods From January 2019 to December 2021, 1 877 children aged 0-6 years who received regular child health care were randomly selected from Chongqing maternal and child health hospital, and 707 school-age children were also selected from three primary school in Chongqing for investigation. The serum sample were collected for detecting serum 25-(OH)-D level by chemiluminescence method, and the possible influencing factors of vitamin D deficiency (VDD) were analyzed. Results The average serum 25-(OH)-D concentration of children was (39.9±9.1) ng/mL with the positive rate of VDD was 14.59%. There were significant differences of VDD positive rate in different age, visiting time, visiting season, body shape, outdoor activity time and vitamin D supplementation (0-3 years old vs 4-6 years old vs 7-12 years old: 14.73% vs 22.19% vs 10.47%; visiting season: spring vs summer vs autumn vs winter: 12.97% vs 10.65% vs 14.86% vs 21.33%; pre COVID-19 epidemic vs post COVID-19 epidemic: 11.18% vs 17.08%; underweight or normal vs overweight or obesity: 12.34% vs 26.13%; adequate outdoor activity time vs inadequate: 11.84% vs 16.27%; regular vitamin D supplementation vs irregular vitamin D supplementation: 11.71% vs 15.62%)(χ²=26.17, 17.59, 30.98, 53.74, 9.60, 6.17, P < 0.05). Underweight or normal body weight, sufficient outdoor activities and regular vitamin D supplementation were associated with less vitamin D deficiency with OR(OR95%CI) at 0.68(0.55-0.84), 0.57(0.25-0.77) and 0.62(0.44-0.85)(P < 0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of VDD among preschool and school-age children is high in Chongqing. Integrated prevention and control strategies incluing overweight or obesity control, increasing outdoor activities and oral vitamin D supplements should be taken.
- Vitamin D /
- Nutritional status /
- Regression analysis /
- Vitamin D deficiency /
- Child
注释:

1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。

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表 1 不同组别儿童维生素D营养状况比较(x±s, ng/mL)

Table 1. Comparison of vitamin D nutritional status among children in different groups(x±s, ng/mL)

组别	选项	人数	血清25-(OH)-D	t/F值	P值
性别	男	1 394	39.7±9.3	-1.08	0.28
	女	1 190	40.1±9.4
年龄/岁	0~3	1 521	39.8±9.3	5.03	＜0.01
	4~6	356	36.9±9.0
	7~12	707	41.6±9.3
居住地	城市	1 756	40.0±9.6	1.01	0.31
	农村	828	39.6±8.8
就诊季节	春	609	40.5±9.3	4.94	＜0.01
	夏	751	41.3±9.1
	秋	666	39.4±9.0
	冬	558	37.9±9.9
就诊时间	疫情前	1 091	40.7±8.8	3.97	＜0.01
	疫情后	1 493	39.3±8.9
体型	消瘦或正常	2 163	40.2±8.9	3.68	＜0.01
	超重或肥胖	421	38.3±13.0
户外活动	充足	980	41.4±9.6	6.33	＜0.01
时间	不足	1 604	39.0±9.2
是否规律补	是	683	41.7±9.8	6.03	＜0.01
充维生素D	否	1 901	39.2±9.1

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表 2 不同组别儿童VDD检出率比较

Table 2. Comparison of VDD detection rate among different groups of children

组别	选项	人数	VDD人数	χ²值	P值
性别	男	1 394	208(14.92)	0.27	0.62
	女	1 190	169(14.20)
年龄/岁	0~3	1 521	224(14.73)	26.17	＜0.01
	4~6	356	79(22.19)
	7~12	707	74(10.47)
居住地	城市	1 756	262(14.92)	0.48	0.51
	农村	828	115(13.89)
就诊季节	春季	609	79(12.97)	30.98	＜0.01
	夏季	751	80(10.65)
	秋季	666	99(14.86)
	冬季	558	119(21.33)
就诊时间	疫情前	1 091	122(11.18)	17.59	＜0.01
	疫情后	1 493	255(17.08)
体型	消瘦或正常	2 163	267(12.34)	53.74	＜0.01
	超重或肥胖	421	110(26.13)
户外活动	充足	980	116(11.84)	9.60	＜0.01
时间	不足	1 604	261(16.27)
是否规律补充	是	683	80(11.71)	6.17	0.01
维生素D	否	1 901	297(15.62)
注：()内数字为检出率/%。

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表 3 儿童VDD相关因素的多因素Logistic回归分析(n=2 584)

Table 3. Logistic regression of related factors of VDD deficiency(n=2 584)

自变量	选项	β值	标准误	Wald χ²值	P值	OR值(OR值95%CI)
年龄/岁	0~31.00
	4~6	-0.22	0.11	3.76	0.02	0.80(0.44~1.48)
	7~12	-0.12	0.07	3.04	0.04	0.89(0.78~1.01)
就诊季节	春季1.00
	夏季	0.17	0.61	4.03	0.01	1.18(0.36~3.91)
	秋季	0.29	0.21	1.93	0.10	0.91(0.89~1.99)
	冬季	0.25	0.19	1.78	0.18	1.29(0.89~1.86)
就诊时间	疫情前1.00
	疫情后	-0.26	0.18	2.05	0.07	0.77(0.54~1.10)
体型	消瘦或正常1.00
	超重或肥胖	-0.39	0.11	12.74	＜0.01	0.68(0.55~0.84)
户外活动	充足1.00
时间	不足	-0.56	0.22	6.70	＜0.01	0.57(0.25~0.77)
维生素D补	未补充1.00
充情况	补充	-0.49	0.17	8.47	＜0.01	0.62(0.44~0.85)

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