儿童人格特征和饮食行为与肥胖的相关性

刘峥; 陈敬; 周双; 吕瑾莨; 冯向先; 林艺; 高爱钰; 张芳; 王海俊

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.11.006

儿童人格特征和饮食行为与肥胖的相关性

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.11.006

刘峥¹,
陈敬¹,
周双¹,
吕瑾莨¹,
冯向先²,
林艺³,
高爱钰⁴,
张芳⁵,
王海俊^1, ,

1.
北京大学公共卫生学院妇幼卫生学系, 北京 100191
2.
长治医学院
3.
乌鲁木齐中小学卫生保健所
4.
北京市东城区中小学卫生保健所
5.
北京市门头沟区中小学卫生保健所

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 81903343

详细信息

作者简介:
刘峥(1989-), 女, 河北石家庄人, 博士, 副研究员, 主要研究方向为肥胖的早期预防

通讯作者:
王海俊, E-mail: whjun@pku.edu.cn

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R 723.14 G 627.8 B 844.1
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-02-03
- 修回日期: 2022-04-07
- 网络出版日期: 2022-11-30
- 刊出日期: 2022-11-25

Analysis of the association of eating behavior and personality with obesity in children

1.
Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing (100191), China

摘要

摘要: 目的探讨饮食行为在人格特征与儿童肥胖关联中的作用, 为有效预防中国儿童肥胖提供科学依据。方法 2018年9月在北京、山西长治、新疆乌鲁木齐3个地区调查1 271名小学四年级儿童。采用大五人格量表简表测量人格特征, 使用儿童饮食行为问卷测量儿童饮食行为, 通过体格检查获取5个肥胖相关指标。结果校正性别、年龄和地区后, 严谨性人格标准化评分与儿童BMI(B=-0.227, 95%CI=-0.422~-0.031)、BMI Z评分(B=-0.081, 95%CI=-0.158~-0.006)、腰围(B=-0.720, 95%CI=-1.281~-0.159)、腰臀围比(B=-0.004, 95%CI=-0.007~ -0.001)和体脂百分比(B=-0.727, 95%CI=-1.293~-0.162)均呈负相关(P值均 < 0.05)。中介作用分析结果显示, 严谨性人格可能通过食物响应和情绪性过食行为影响BMI、BMI Z评分、腰围、腰臀围比和体脂百分比; 食物响应和情绪性过食行为在严谨性人格与5个肥胖相关指标的中介作用占总效应的比例分别为27.5%~47.1%和0.9%~18.0%(P值均 < 0.05)。结论严谨性人格与较低的儿童肥胖风险相关, 食物响应和情绪性过食行为是两者关联的中介因素。应针对严谨性较低的儿童及时开展健康教育, 以早期预防肥胖的发生。
- 人格 /
- 饮食习惯 /
- 肥胖症 /
- 回归分析 /
- 儿童
Abstract: Objective To explore the mediation effect of eating behavior in the personality-obesity association, so as to provide scientific evidence for preventing childhood obesity in China. Methods This study investigated 1 271 children in September 2018 among Beijing, Changzhi and Urumuqi. By used NEO-five Factor Inventory to assess characteristics of personality and used Children Eating Behavior Questionnaire to measure eating behaviors in children. Five obesity-related indicators [body mass index (BMI), BMI Z-score, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio and body fat percentage] were derived from physical examination. Results After adjusting for sex, age and region, the standardization scores of conscientiousness were negatively associated with BMI(B=-0.227, 95%CI=-0.422--0.031), BMI Z-score(B=-0.081, 95%CI=-0.158--0.006), waist circumference(B=-0.720, 95%CI=-1.281--0.159), waist-to-hip ratio(B=-0.004, 95%CI=-0.007--0.001) and body fat percentage (B=-0.727, 95%CI=-1.293--0.162)(P < 0.05). Results from the mediation analysis showed that the associations between conscientiousness and BMI, BMI Z-score, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio and body fat percentage were partly mediated through food responsiveness and emotional eating behaviors; with effects ranged from 27.5%-47.1% and 0.9%-18.0%(P < 0.05). Conclusion Conscientiousness is associated with lower risk of childhood obesity and food responsiveness and emotional eating behaviors show mediating effect in the association between childhood personality and obesity. Health education should be carried out in time for children with low conscientiousness in order to prevent the occurrence of obesity in the early stage.
- Personality /
- Food habits /
- Obesity /
- Regression analysis /
- Child
注释:

1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。

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表 1 不同性别地区儿童的人格特征评分比较(x±s)

Table 1. Comparison of children's scores of personality traits by sex and district(x±s)

性别和地区	人数	统计值	严谨性	神经质	外向性	开放性	宜人性
性别
男	652		44.8±8.4	31.0±9.5	44.0±7.7	42.8±6.8	44.4±6.6
女	619		44.6±7.8	33.8±9.8	41.6±8.0	42.7±6.7	44.7±6.6
		t值	0.50	-5.16	5.50	0.30	-0.84
		P值	0.62	＜0.01	＜0.01	0.76	0.40
地区
北京	453		44.6±8.2	33.3±10.3	42.9±7.9	42.9±6.7	43.7±6.5
山西长治	370		44.1±7.7	32.3±8.9	42.6±8.0	41.9±6.6	45.1±6.5
新疆乌鲁木齐	448		45.3±8.3	31.4±9.8	43.0±8.0	43.4±6.7	45.1±6.7
		F值	1.75	8.69	0.01	1.34	10.66
		P值	0.19	＜0.01	0.92	0.25	＜0.01

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表 2 儿童人格特征与肥胖相关指标的关联[B值(B值95%CI)，n=1 271]

Table 2. Association of children's personality traits with obesity-related indicators[B(B 95%CI), n=1 271]

人格特征	BMI/(kg·m^-2)	BMI Z评分	腰围/cm	腰臀围比	体脂百分比
严谨性	-0.227(-0.422~-0.031)^*	-0.081(-0.158~-0.006)^*	-0.720(-1.281~-0.159)^*	-0.004(-0.007~-0.001)^**	-0.727(-1.293~-0.162)^*
神经质	0.123(-0.076~0.321)	0.045(-0.031~0.123)	0.323(-0.248~0.893)	0.002(-0.001~0.004)	0.221(-0.353~0.795)
外向性	-0.114(-0.313~0.084)	-0.033(-0.110~0.044)	-0.328(-0.895~0.239)	-0.002(-0.005~0.001)	-0.337(-0.912~0.237)
开放性	-0.200(-0.396~-0.004)^*	-0.077(-0.153~-0.001)^*	-0.385(-0.950~0.179)	-0.003(-0.006~0.000)	-0.482(-1.051~0.086)
宜人性	-0.026(-0.223~0.172)	-0.009(-0.086~0.067)	-0.128(-0.695~0.439)	0.000(-0.003~0.003)	0.042(-0.530~0.614)
注：P＜0.05，*P＜0.01。

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表 3 儿童食物响应在严谨性与肥胖相关指标关联中的中介作用[B值(B值95%CI)，n=1 271]

Table 3. The mediating effect of food responsiveness on the association of consciousness with obesity-related indicators[B(B 95%CI), n=1 271]

肥胖相关指标	直接效应	间接效应	总效应	间接效应(中介作用)
BMI/(kg·m^-2)	-0.122(-0.315~0.070)	-0.112(-0.176~-0.050)^**	-0.233(-0.441~-0.040)^*	0.471(0.184~1.710)^*
BMI Z评分	-0.043(-0.119~0.030)	-0.039(-0.062~-0.020)^**	-0.082(-0.162~-0.010)^*	0.460(0.138~2.080)^*
腰围/cm	-0.442(-0.986~0.080)	-0.286(-0.458~-0.130)^**	-0.729(-1.302~-0.180)^*	0.390(0.167~1.230)^*
腰臀围比	-0.003(-0.006~0.000)	-0.001(-0.002~0.000)^**	-0.004(-0.008~0.000)^**	0.275(0.115~0.760)^**
体脂百分比	-0.455(-1.017~0.090)	-0.293(-0.465~-0.140)^**	-0.748(-1.335~-0.200)^*	0.390(0.166~1.190)^*
注：P＜0.05，*P＜0.01。

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表 4 儿童情绪性过食在严谨性与肥胖相关指标关联中的中介作用[B值(B值95%CI)，n=1 271]

Table 4. The mediating effect of emotional overeating on the association of conscientiousness with obesity-related indicators[B(B 95%CI), n=1 271]

肥胖相关指标	直接效应	间接效应	总效应	间接效应(中介作用)
BMI/(kg·m^-2)	-0.178(-0.389~0.030)	-0.041(-0.076~-0.010)^**	-0.219(-0.433~-0.020)^*	0.180(0.013~0.960)^*
BMI Z评分	-0.063(-0.145~0.020)	-0.014(-0.027~0.000)^**	-0.078(-0.161~0.000)^*	0.178(-0.046~1.270)
腰围/cm	-0.634(-1.220~-0.080)^*	-0.092(-0.186~-0.030)^**	-0.726(-1.329~-0.160)^*	0.123(0.027~0.490)^*
腰臀围比	-0.004(-0.007~0.000)^**	-0.000(-0.001~0.000)^**	-0.005(-0.008~0.000)^**	0.090(0.023~0.290)^**
体脂百分比	-0.605(-1.214~-0.020)^*	-0.115(-0.214~-0.040)^**	-0.721(-1.328~-0.150)^*	0.155(0.038~0.650)^*
注：P＜0.05，*P＜0.01。

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