Correlation analysis between daily behavior and physical health of middle school students in Tianjin
-
摘要:
目的 探讨以中学生身体活动、屏幕时间、睡眠时间构成的日常行为与体质健康之间的关系，为开展中学生体质健康干预提供参考。 方法 采用分层随机整群抽样法，对天津市12所中学1 614名学生进行体质健康测试和日常行为调查，调查内容包括中学生的中高强度身体活动、屏幕时间和睡眠时间状况；参考《加拿大24小时活动指南》将受试者的行为划分为“全达标组”“达标2项组”“达标1项组”和“未达标组”4组；体质健康风险相关因素采用二元Logistic回归分析。 结果 仅有5.2%的男生、4.2%的女生3项行为全达标，16.4%的男生、16.3%的女生3项行为均未达标；达标2项组和全达标组体质健康综合评价优良率分别占比77.7%，71.8%。中学生身体活动不足的体质健康风险是达标者的1.76倍，屏幕时间过长体质健康风险是达标者的1.34倍，睡眠时间不足体质健康风险是达标者的2.86倍、超重肥胖风险是达标者的1.49倍(P值均 < 0.05)；与全达标的中学生相比，未达标组体质健康风险是其3.63倍，仅达标1项组是其2.10倍(P值均 < 0.01)。 结论 中学生身体活动、屏幕时间和睡眠时间2项以上达标者更容易获得较高的体质健康水平并降低超重肥胖风险，中学生应积极从事体育活动，尽可能增加中高强度身体活动、减少屏幕时间，保持健康睡眠习惯，以获得更好的健康水平。 Abstract:Objective To explore the relationship between physical activity, screen time, sleep duration and physical health of middle school students, to provide reference for physical health intervention in middle school students. Methods A total of 1 614 students from 12 middle schools in Tianjin were investigated by stratified random cluster sampling. According to the "Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for Children and Youth", participants were divided into 4 groups: "full qualified group", "2-item qualified group", "1-item qualified group" and "unqualified group". Binary Logistic regression analysis was used to predict physical health risk. Results Only 5.2% boys and 4.2% girls met the standard in all three behaviors, and 16.4% boys and 16.3% girls failed to meet the standard in all three behaviors. The excellent and good rates were 77.7% and 71.8% in the 2-item qualified group and the full qualified group, respectively. The physical health risk of middle school students with insufficient physical activity was 1.76 times higher than that of those who achieved the standard, and the physical health risk of students with too much screen time was 1.34 times higher than that of those who achieved the standard. Physical health risk of middle school students with insufficient sleep duration was 2.86 times higher than that of those who achieved the standard, and the risk of overweight and obesity was 1.49 times higher than that of those who achieved the standard (P < 0.05). Compared with the middle school students who achieved all the standards, physical health risk of unqualified group was 3.63 times, and that of the 1-item qualified group was 2.10 times (P < 0.01). Conclusion Middle school students meet two or more recommendations in physical activity, screen time and sleep duration are more likely to have better physical health and lower risk of overweight and obesity. The findings suggest that students should engage in active sports to increase the high intensity of physical activity, reduce screen time, maintain a healthy sleep habits, in order to obtain better health level. -
Key words:
- Motor activity /
- Fixation, ocular /
- Sleep /
- Body constitution /
- Regression anaysis /
- Students
1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。 -
表 1 不同性别各年级中学生日常行为及体质测量结果比较(x ±s)
Table 1. Comparison of daily behavior and physical measurement results in different grades and genders middle school students(x ±s)
性别 年级 人数 统计值 MVPA/(min·d-1) SB/(min·d-1) SLP/(min·d-1) BMI/(kg·m-2) 体质综合评分 男 初一 26 52.74±16.00 541.48±77.27 868.46±61.58 18.89±3.15 81.53±10.82 初二 24 49.15±23.43 563.56±97.61 838.54±48.38 19.96±2.52 88.09±7.57 初三 25 60.83±17.68 569.32±76.31 838.80±84.18 20.02±3.08 89.11±8.09 高一 26 61.65±23.52 531.31±105.54 710.00±66.63 21.41±2.89 81.75±10.99 高二 24 58.11±27.63 553.75±84.46 710.63±57.40 21.42±2.51 78.50±7.24 高三 24 49.78±18.15 568.27±92.96 697.40±43.76 22.33±3.23 75.52±9.01 F值 1.60 1.28 40.99 25.26 42.22 P值 0.17 0.28 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 女 初一 23 42.99±18.94 563.61±109.73 837.83±48.94 19.89±3.58 84.99±11.81 初二 26 47.47±16.98 574.12±83.66 827.08±53.30 19.91±2.45 84.84±5.45 初三 26 48.67±19.19 574.90±82.22 830.62±66.82 20.12±2.83 87.57±8.42 高一 23 49.52±20.06 597.41±88.21 702.29±57.77 21.46±3.08 82.06±8.81 高二 25 48.98±24.24 586.76±103.29 713.20±52.48 21.30±2.79 78.66±5.68 高三 26 42.07±16.91 603.92±96.84 640.60±52.78 21.11±2.76 80.06±7.79 F值 1.59 1.76 56.35 8.57 22.65 P值 1.59 0.12 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 
下载: 导出CSV
表 2 不同性别年级中学生日常行为达标率比较
Table 2. The compliance rate of daily behavior in different grades and genders middle school students
性别 年级 人数 统计值 MVPA达标人数 ST达标人数 SLP达标人数 男 初一 132 27(20.5) 85(64.4) 93(70.5) 初二 117 21(17.9) 77(65.8) 109(93.2) 初三 105 23(21.9) 73(69.5) 94(89.5) 高一 137 17(12.4) 101(73.7) 15(10.9) 高二 156 14(9.0) 99(63.5) 21(13.5) 高三 140 9(6.4) 97(69.3) 8(5.7) χ2值 21.62 4.71 445.28 P值 < 0.01 0.45 < 0.01 女 初一 136 14(10.3) 98(72.1) 78(57.4) 初二 132 22(16.7) 85(64.4) 119(90.2) 初三 129 23(17.8) 93(72.1) 111(86.0) 高一 141 12(8.5) 112(79.4) 11(7.8) 高二 141 9(6.4) 87(61.7) 15(10.6) 高三 148 10(6.8) 112(75.7) 10(6.8) χ2值 17.38 15.30 442.77 P值 < 0.01 0.01 < 0.01 注：()内数字为达标率/%。
下载: 导出CSV
表 3 不同日常行为组中学生BMI和体质综合评价结果分布比较
Table 3. Comprehensive evaluation results of different daily behavioral groups of middle school students
日常行为 人数 BMI 体质综合评价结果 超重肥胖 正常 低体重 优良 及格 不及格 未达标 264 70(26.5) 190(72.0) 4(1.5) 115(43.6) 138(52.3) 11(4.2) 达标1项 772 199(25.8) 566(72.3) 7(0.9) 441(57.1) 318(41.2) 13(1.7) 达标2项 502 90(17.9) 396(78.9) 16(3.2) 390(77.7) 110(21.9) 2(0.4) 全达标 78 16(20.5) 62(79.5) 0 56(71.8) 21(26.9) 1(1.3) χ2值 23.21 109.87 P值 < 0.01 < 0.01 注：()内数字为构成比/%。
下载: 导出CSV
表 4 中学生日常行为和体质健康风险的Logistic回归分析(n=1 614)
Table 4. Logistic regression analysis of the daily behavior and physical health risk of middle school students(n=1 614)
自变量 推荐量 超重肥胖 体质健康 OR值(OR值95%CI) P值 OR值(OR值95%CI) P值 MVPA 未达标 1.14(1.17~1.90) 0.31 1.76(1.25~2.49) < 0.01 达标 1.00 1.00 ST 未达标 1.09(0.89~1.46) 0.48 1.34(1.07~1.67) 0.01 达标 1.00 1.00 SLP 未达标 1.49(1.17~1.90) < 0.01 2.86(2.30~3.56) < 0.01 达标 1.00 1.00 日常行为 未达标 1.60(0.84~3.03) 1.15 3.63(2.06~6.39) < 0.01 达标1项 1.54(0.84~2.81) 0.16 2.10(1.24~3.57) < 0.01 达标2项 0.97(0.52~1.80) 0.92 0.80(0.46~1.40) 0.44 全达标 1.00 1.00
下载: 导出CSV
-
[1] 中共中央, 国务院. "健康中国2030"规划纲要[EB/OL]. (2016-10-25)[2022-05-27]. http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/2016-10/25/content_5124174.htm.Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, State Council of the PRC. "Healthy China 2030" planning outline[EB/OL]. (2016-10-25)[2022-05-27]. http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/2016-10/25/content_5124174.htm. (in Chinese) [2] 国务院. 关于实施健康中国行动的意见[EB/OL]. (2019-07-15)[2022-05-27]. http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/content/2019-07/15/content_5409492.htm.State Council of the PRC. Opinions on the implementation of action of healthy China[EB/OL]. (2019-07-15)[2022-05-27]. http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/content/2019-07/15/content_5409492.htm. (in Chinese) [3] 中共中央, 国务院. 深化新时代教育评价改革总体方案[EB/OL]. (2020-10-13)[2022-05-27]. http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/2020-10/13/content_5551032.htm.The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the State Council of the PRC. General plan for deepening the reform of education evaluation in the new era[EB/OL]. (2020-10-13)[2022-05-27]. http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/2020-10/13/content_5551032.htm. (in Chinese) [4] 教育部体育卫生与艺术教育司. 第八次全国学生体质与健康调研结果发布[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2021, 42(9): 1281-1282. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.09.001Department of Physical Education Health and Art Education, Ministry of Education of the PRC. Release report of the eighth national survey on student physical fitness and health[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2021, 42(9): 1281-1282. (in Chinese) doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.09.001 [5] DUMUID D, OLDS T, SAWYER S M. Moving beyond more: towards a healthy balance of daily behaviours[J]. Lancet, 2021, 398(10298): 373-374. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(21)01600-7 [6] 朱珊珊, 刘云发, 蔡晓红, 等. 青春期各阶段学生日常行为模式和体质状况的调查研究[J]. 广州体育学院学报, 2014, 34(6): 83-87. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-323X.2014.06.022ZHU S S, LIU Y F, CAI X H, et al. Investigation and research on daily behavior patterns and physical status of students at various stages of adolescence[J]. J Guangzhou Inst Phys Educ, 2014, 34(6): 83-87. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-323X.2014.06.022 [7] 单美辰, 周楠. 中国儿童体力活动研究进展[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2021, 42(8): 1275-1280. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.08.035SHAN M C, ZHOU N. Research progress on Children's physical activity in China[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2021, 42(8): 1275-1280. (in Chinese) doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.08.035 [8] 李星丽, 王称, 张婷, 等. 中国儿童和青少年睡眠缺乏状况的Meta分析[J]. 中国循证医学杂志, 2022, 22(3): 268-275. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZZXZ202203003.htmLI X L, WANG C, ZHANG T, et al. Meta-analysis of sleep deprivation in Chinese children and adolescents[J]. Chin Circul J, 2022, 22(3): 268-275. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZZXZ202203003.htm [9] CAI Y, ZHU X, WU X. Overweight, obesity, and screen-time viewing among Chinese school-aged children: national prevalence estimates from the 2016 Physical Activity and Fitness in China: the youth study[J]. J Sport Health Sci, 2017, 6(4): 404-409. doi: 10.1016/j.jshs.2017.09.002 [10] 教育部体育卫生与艺术教育司. 国家学生体质健康标准(2014年修订)[EB/OL]. (2014-07-08)[2022-05-27]. http://www.moe.gov.cn/s78/A17/twys_left/moe_938/moe_792/s3273/201407/t20140708_171692.html.Department of Physical Education Health and Art Education, Ministry of Education of the PRC. National student physical health standards (revised in 2014)[EB/OL]. (2014-07-08)[2022-05-27]. http://www.moe.gov.cn/s78/A17/twys_left/moe_938/moe_792/s3273/201407/t20140708_171692.html. (in Chinese) [11] 胡月英, 唐炎, 陈佩杰, 等. 儿童青少年体育健身评估指标体系构建研究[J]. 中国体育科技, 2019, 55(2): 29-36. doi: 10.16470/j.csst.2019891HU Y Y, TANG Y, CHEN P J, et al. Research on the construction of physical fitness evaluation index system for children and adolescents[J]. Chin J Sport Sci Technol, 2019, 55(2): 29-36. (in Chinese) doi: 10.16470/j.csst.2019891 [12] 刘贤臣, 唐茂芹, 胡蕾, 等. 匹兹堡睡眠质量指数的信度和效度研究[J]. 中华精神科杂志, 1996, 29(2): 103-107. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZHMA199602018.htmLIU X C, TANG M Q, HU L, et al. Reliability and validity of pittsburgh sleep quality index[J]. Chin J Psy, 1996, 29(2): 103-107. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZHMA199602018.htm [13] ROBERTS K C, YAO X, CARSON V, et al. Meeting the Canadian 24-hour movement guidelines for children and youth[J]. Health Rep, 2017, 28(10): 3-7. [14] 于涛, 魏丕勇. "健康"语境中的"体质"概念辨析[J]. 天津体育学院学报, 2008, 23(2): 134-136. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TJTY200802011.htmYU T, WEI P Y. The concept analysis of the concept of "physique" in the context of "Health"[J]. J TianJin Inst Phys Educ, 2008, 23(2): 134-136. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TJTY200802011.htm [15] 李玉强, 尹小俭, 任思恩, 等. 儿童青少年生活习惯与体能的关系研究[J]. 体育学刊, 2021, 28(4): 119-124. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TYXK202104019.htmLI Y Q, YIN X J, REN S E, et al. Research on the relationship between living habits and physical fitness of children and adolescents[J]. J Phys Educ, 2021, 28(4): 119-124. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TYXK202104019.htm [16] 林家仕, 杨小月, 谢敏豪. 静坐少动和体力活动与健康的剂量-效应关系研究进展[J]. 中国运动医学杂志, 2019, 38(4): 305-311. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YDYX201904011.htmLIN J S, YANG X Y, XIE M H. Research progress on the dose-response relationship between sedentary and physical activity and health[J]. Chin J Sports Med, 2019, 38(4): 305-311. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YDYX201904011.htm [17] 陈天麒, 董彬, 张文静, 等. 儿童青少年睡眠时间与速度和耐力成绩的相关性研究[J]. 北京大学学报(医学版), 2018, 50(3): 429-435. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-BYDB201803007.htmCHEN T Q, DONG B, ZHANG W J, et al. Study on the correlation between sleep time and speed and endurance performance in children and adolescents[J]. J Peking Univ(Health Sci), 2018, 50(3): 429-435. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-BYDB201803007.htm [18] 陈长洲, 王红英, 任书堂. 加拿大儿童青少年24小时活动指南的特征及启示[J]. 山东体育学院学报, 2019, 35(3): 99-106. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TIRE201903016.htmCHEN C Z, WANG H Y, REN S T. Characteristics and enlightenment of 24-hour activity guidelines for Canadian children and adolescents[J]. J Shandong Inst Phys Educ, 2019, 35(3): 99-106. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TIRE201903016.htm [19] 吕雅杰, 蔡莉, 曾霞, 等. 中国6~13岁儿童24小时活动水平和相关因素分析[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2019, 40(12): 1791-1795. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2019.12.008LV Y J, CAI L, ZENG X, et al. Analysis of 24-hour activity levels and related factors in Chinese children aged 6-13[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2019, 40(12): 1791-1795. (in Chinese) doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2019.12.008 [20] 王丽娟. 5~18岁儿童青少年24 h活动研究: 现状、影响因素与健康效应[J]. 中国体育科技, 2022, 58(1): 46-56. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGTY202201013.htmWANG L J. Research on 24-hour activities of children and adolescents aged 5-18: current situation, influencing factors and health effects[J]. Chin J Sport Sci Technol, 2022, 58(1): 46-56. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGTY202201013.htm [21] 李培红, 王梅. 中国儿童青少年身体活动现状及相关影响因素[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2016, 37(6): 805-809. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2016.06.002LI P H, WANG M. Status and related influencing factors of physical activity among Chinese children and adolescents[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2016, 37(6): 805-809. (in Chinese) doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2016.06.002 [22] PEDRO C H, LARS B A, FIONA C B, et al. Global physical activity levels: surveillance progress, pitfalls, and prospects[J]. Lancet, 2012, 380(9838). [23] 马渊源, 陈勤, 尹小俭, 等. 儿童青少年体力活动与身心健康研究进展[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2022, 43(4): 632-636. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.04.036MA Y Y, CHEN Q, YIN X J, et al. Research progress on physical activity and physical and mental health of children and adolescents[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2022, 43(4): 632-636. (in Chinese) doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.04.036 [24] 宋逸, 罗冬梅, 胡佩瑾, 等. 1985—2014年中国汉族13~18岁中学生体质健康达标优秀率趋势分析[J]. 北京大学学报(医学版), 2020, 52(2): 317-322. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-BYDB202002020.htmSONG Y, LUO D M, HU P J, et al. Trend analysis of physical health achievement and excellent rate of Chinese Han middle school students aged 13-18 from 1985 to 2014[J]. J Peking Univ(Health Sci), 2020, 52(2): 317-322. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-BYDB202002020.htm [25] 原晨晨, 薛琨, 郭红卫. 全球儿童超重肥胖的流行现状和影响因素[J]. 卫生研究, 2020, 49(3): 506-510. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-WSYJ202003034.htmYUAN C C, XUE K, GUO H W. Epidemiological status and influencing factors of global childhood overweight and obesity[J]. J Hyg Res, 2020, 49(3): 506-510. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-WSYJ202003034.htm [26] 李雁鹏, 赵忠新. 睡眠剥夺对内分泌功能及能量代谢的影响[J]. 第二军医大学学报, 2008, 29(6): 703-705. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DEJD200806041.htmLI Y P, ZHAO Z X. Effects of sleep deprivation on endocrine function and energy metabolism[J]. Acad J Second Mil Univ, 2008, 29(6): 703-705. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DEJD200806041.htm [27] ZHANG T, LI H, LI C, et al. Relationship between 24-hour movement behaviour & physical fitness among adolescents using compositional data analysis[J]. Med Sci Sports Exer, 2021, 53(8S Suppl 1): 250. [28] 张婷, 李红娟. 成分数据分析方法在身体活动与健康研究领域的应用展望[J]. 体育科学, 2020, 40(9): 74-82. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TYKX202009008.htmZHANG T, LI H J. Prospects for the application of component data analysis methods in the field of physical activity and health research[J]. Sports Sci, 2020, 40(9): 74-82. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TYKX202009008.htm [29] 仇大勇, 张燕, 张宏建, 等. 中学生静态行为与体质水平关系[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2019, 40(7): 987-990. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2019.07.008QIU D Y, ZHANG Y, ZHANG H J, et al. The relationship between static behavior and physical fitness level of middle school students[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2019, 40(7): 987-990. (in Chinese) doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2019.07.008 -
点击查看大图
表(4)
计量
- 文章访问数: 398
- HTML全文浏览量: 153
- PDF下载量: 45
- 被引次数: 0
