泸州市农村家庭防性侵幼儿教育开展现况及相关因素分析

刘芝伯; 叶运莉; 廖茂旭; 余颖; 周忠贤; 鲁露; 宋先秦; 张潇; 蔡豪; 张容

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.10.018

泸州市农村家庭防性侵幼儿教育开展现况及相关因素分析

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.10.018

西南医科大学公共卫生学院，四川泸州 646000

基金项目:

四川省教育厅性社会学与性教育研究中心一般项目 SXJYB2104

详细信息

作者简介:
刘芝伯(1999-)，男，四川绵阳人，本科，主要研究方向为幼儿健康与妇女保健

通讯作者:
张容，E-mail: zhangrong@swmu.edu.cn

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R193 G78 G179
计量
- 文章访问数: 401
- HTML全文浏览量: 220
- PDF下载量: 24
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-06-07
- 修回日期: 2022-07-16
- 网络出版日期: 2022-10-28
- 刊出日期: 2022-10-25

Current situation and related factors of family-based child sexual abuse prevention education in rural areas of Luzhou

School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou(646000), Sichuan Province, China

摘要

摘要: 目的了解泸州市农村地区家庭在预防幼儿性侵方面的教育现况及相关因素，为制定预防儿童性侵干预措施提供参考。方法采用分层整群抽样法，于2021年12月至2022年1月对泸州市1 213名农村地区家长通过家庭性教育知-信-行简化量表进行问卷调查。通过多重线性回归分析家庭性教育的相关因素。结果泸州市农村地区家庭防性侵教育行为得分为(11.21±3.99)分，及格率为51.69%。相关因素分析显示，母亲方面：文化程度为初中(β=0.79)、高中/中专(β=1.26)和本科/大专及以上(β=1.75)、母亲是性教育负责人(β=1.29)均与性侵幼儿教育的开展呈正相关(P值均 < 0.05)；幼儿方面：幼儿性别为女(β=-0.41)和留守儿童(β=-0.59)均与性侵幼儿教育的开展呈负相关，幼儿在校参加过性教育相关活动(β=0.81)与性侵幼儿教育的开展呈正相关(P值均 < 0.05)；家庭方面：家长性教育知识及格(β=1.11)、家长性教育态度积极(β=1.51)、家长与亲朋交流过性教育内容(β=1.94)、家长参加过性教育相关活动(β=0.67)均与性侵幼儿教育的开展呈正相关(P值均 < 0.05)。结论农村地区幼儿家庭防性侵教育的水平低下，需根据农村家庭的不同情况制定个性化干预措施，开展性教育专项教育和科普活动，提高农村家庭的性教育水平和幼儿性侵防范意识。
- 性犯罪 /
- 健康教育 /
- 家庭 /
- 回归分析 /
- 儿童 /
- 农村人口
Abstract: Objective To investigate family-based child sexual abuse prevention education in rural areas of Luzhou, to provide guidance for child sexual abuse prevention and intervention. Methods By stratified cluster sampling, from December 2021 to January 2022, 1 213 parents were investigated with the simplified scale of knowledge-attitude-practice of family sexual education. The influencing factors of family sexual education were analyzed by multiple linear regression. Results The score of family sexual abuse prevention education in rural areas of Luzhou was (11.21 ± 3.99), and the pass rate was 51.69%. The results showed that maternal education of junior high school (β=0.79), senior high school / technical secondary school(β=1.26) and bachelor / college degree or above(β=1.75), mothers to be the main educators (β=1.29) were positively associated with, while being girls(β=-0.41) and left-behind children (β=-0.59) were negatively associated with family child sex abuse prevention education score(P < 0.05). Children received sex education in school(β=0.81), adequate knowledge of sex education of parents (β=1.11), positive attitudes towards sex education of parents (β=1.51), communication with relatives and friends regarding sex education of parents (β=1.94), parents having participated in sex education related activities(β=0.67) were positively associated with family child sex abuse prevention education score(P < 0.05). Conclusion Family-based child sexual abuse prevention education in rural areas of Luzhou is insufficient. Relevant departments need to set up personalized intervention measures according to the different conditions of families, carry out relative education activities, to improve the level of sex education of rural families and improve their awareness of self-prevention.
- Sex offenses /
- Health education /
- Family /
- Regression analysis /
- Child /
- Rural population
注释:

1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。

HTML全文

表 1 不同组别儿童家庭性教育行为单因素分析(x±s)

Table 1. Univariate analysis of family sex education behavior under different general conditions(x±s)

变量	分组	人数	性教育行为	t/F值	P值
学校性质	私立	494	11.18±4.12	-0.16	0.87
	公立	719	11.22±3.91
幼儿性别	男	646	11.37±4.07	1.48	0.14
	女	567	11.02±3.90
幼儿年龄/岁	≤3	126	11.58±4.23	0.79	0.45
	4~5	800	11.21±3.90
	6~7	287	11.04±4.14
家长性别	男	271	10.39±3.92	-3.82	＜0.01
	女	942	11.44±3.99
家长年龄/岁^*	＜30	425	11.49±4.02	1.84	0.07
	≥30	786	11.05±3.98
父亲文化程度^*	小学及以下	138	10.17±4.44	8.01	＜0.01
	初中	628	10.96±3.91
	高中/中专	307	11.74±3.90
	大专/本科及以上	134	12.08±3.82
母亲文化程度^*	小学及以下	149	9.75±4.36	18.21	＜0.01
	初中	585	10.83±3.87
	高中/中专	299	11.91±4.05
	本科/大专及以上	173	12.50±3.44
父亲职业	工人、农民(工)	707	10.91±4.10	3.10	0.02
	个体户/商人	87	11.63±3.80
	事业单位及公务员	85	12.16±3.63
	其他职业	310	11.44±3.88
	无业	24	12.17±3.62
母亲职业	工人、农民(工)	524	10.53±4.15	8.73	＜0.01
	个体户/商人	50	11.92±4.00
	事业单位及公务员	69	12.97±4.02
	其他职业	374	11.55±3.81
	无业	196	11.54±3.56
父母婚姻	原配	1 036	11.28±3.96	1.54	0.12
	非原配	177	10.78±4.15
家庭年总收入/万元	＜1	269	10.42±4.29	6.92	< 0.01
	1~5	545	11.37±3.90
	＞5	399	11.52±3.85
独生子女	否	915	11.17±4.02	-0.61	0.54
	是	298	11.33±3.92
主要照顾者	父母	554	11.14±3.94	13.03	< 0.01
	大家庭	307	12.10±3.99
	隔代	352	10.53±3.95
留守儿童	否	711	11.59±3.84	4.00	< 0.01
	是	502	10.66±4.15
家长性教育知识	不及格	519	10.20±3.96	-7.75	< 0.01
	及格	694	11.96±3.86
家长性教育态度	消极	231	9.14±3.66	-9.03	< 0.01
	积极	982	11.69±3.91
家长与亲朋交流幼儿性教育内容	否	771	10.12±3.72	-13.37	< 0.01
家长与亲朋交流幼儿性教育内容	是	442	13.10±3.75
家长参加幼儿性教育相关活动^*	否	1 056	10.93±3.90	-6.21	< 0.01
家长参加幼儿性教育相关活动^*	是	155	13.03±4.13
幼儿在校参加过性教育相关活动	否	917	10.62±3.73	-8.72	< 0.01
幼儿在校参加过性教育相关活动	是	296	13.02±4.23
母亲是幼儿性教育负责人	否	134	8.99±4.34	-6.33	< 0.01
母亲是幼儿性教育负责人	是	1 079	11.48±3.86
注： *表示存在缺失值。

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 农村地区家庭幼儿性教育水平的多重线性回归分析(n=1 213)

Table 2. Multiple linear regression of children's sex education in rural areas(n=1 213)

常量与自变量	标准误	t值	P值	β值(β值95%CI)
常量	0.51	13.94	< 0.01	7.11(6.11~8.12)
家长性教育知识及格	0.21	5.30	< 0.01	1.11(0.70~1.51)
家长性教育态度积极	0.27	5.66	< 0.01	1.51(0.99~2.04)
幼儿性别为女	0.21	-2.00	< 0.05	-0.41(-0.81~-0.01)
留守儿童	0.21	-2.83	< 0.01	-0.59(-1.00~-0.18)
家长与亲朋交流幼儿性教育内容	0.24	8.08	< 0.01	1.94(1.47~2.41)
家长参加幼儿性教育相关活动	0.34	2.01	< 0.05	0.67(0.02~1.33)
幼儿在校参加过性教育相关活动	0.28	2.95	< 0.01	0.81(0.27~1.35)
母亲是幼儿性教育的负责人	0.34	3.82	< 0.01	1.29(0.63~1.95)
母亲文化程度
初中	0.33	2.43	0.02	0.79(0.15~1.43)
高中/中专	0.36	3.49	< 0.01	1.26(0.55~1.97)
本科/大专及以上	0.40	4.32	< 0.01	1.75(0.95~2.54)

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(21)

[1]	World Health Organization. Child maltreatment[EB/OL]. (2020-06-08)[2022-05-18]. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/child-maltreatment.
[2]	GEWIRTZ-MEYDAN A, LAHAV Y. Sexual functioning among childhood sexual abuse survivors from an attachment perspective[J]. J Sex Med, 2020, 17(7): 1370-1382. doi: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2020.03.014
[3]	TANG K, QU X, LI C, et al. Childhood sexual abuse, risky sexual behaviors and adverse reproductive health outcomes among Chinese college students[J]. Child Abuse Negl, 2018, 84: 123-130. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2018.07.038
[4]	HAILES H P, YU R, DANESE A, et al. Long-term outcomes of childhood sexual abuse: an umbrella review[J]. Lancet Psychiatry, 2019, 6(10): 830-839. doi: 10.1016/S2215-0366(19)30286-X
[5]	MACIEL L, BASTO-PEREIRA M. Child sexual abuse: the detrimental impact of its specific features[J]. Child Indic Res, 2020, 13(6): 2117-2133. doi: 10.1007/s12187-020-09730-y
[6]	白兰. 幼儿性教育家园合作现状与需求研究[D]. 武汉: 华中师范大学, 2018. BAI L. Research on current situation and demand of home cooperation in preschool sex education[D]. Wuhan: Central China Normal University, 2018. (in Chinese)
[7]	苟芬, 潘婷, 张筱岚. 学龄前儿童性教育实施影响因素及建议[J]. 中国性科学, 2021, 30(4): 158-160. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-1993.2021.04.049 GOU F, PAN T, ZHANG X L. Influence factors and suggestions for the implementation of sex education in preschool children[J]. Chin J Hum Sex, 2021, 30(4): 158-160. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-1993.2021.04.049
[8]	王琪, 钟琦, 王小银, 等. 赣南地区农村留守儿童性教育干预效果研究[J]. 赣南医学院学报, 2021, 41(4): 359-362, 392. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5779.2021.04.007 WANG Q, ZHONG Q, WANG X Y, et al. Effect of sexual education intervention on rural left-behind children in Gannan region[J]. J Gannan Med Univ, 2021, 41(4): 359-362, 392. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5779.2021.04.007
[9]	何海艳, 谢玉先, 何燕, 等. 布拖县中小学生性知识调查[J]. 预防医学, 2022, 34(5): 525-529. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZYFX202205021.htm HE H Y, XIE Y X, HE Y, et al. Awareness of sexual knowledge among primary and middle school students in Butuo County[J]. Prev Med, 2022, 34(5): 525-529. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZYFX202205021.htm
[10]	徐琳. 儿童性自我保护能力与家庭功能、家长性别角色态度间的关系研究[D]. 兰州: 西北师范大学, 2019. XU L. A study on the relationship between children' s sexual self-protection ability, family function, parents' gender roles and attitudes[D]. Lanzhou: Northwest Normal University, 2019. (in Chinese)
[11]	李小佳. 幼儿家庭性教育现状调查研究[D]. 福州: 福建师范大学, 2018. LI X J. A survey on the status of sex education in children's families[D]. Fuzhou: Fujian Normal University, 2018. (in Chinese)
[12]	李婉秋. 幼儿家庭性教育存在的问题及对策研究[D]. 安庆: 安庆师范大学, 2018. LI W Q. Research on problems and countermeasures of family sex education in preschool children[D]. Anqing : Anqing Normal University, 2018. (in Chinese)
[13]	杨建涵, 张春莲, 王甄楠, 等. 四川农村幼儿园教师幼儿性教育知识知晓情况及影响因素[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2021, 42(4): 538-541. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.04.014 YANG J H, ZHANG C L, WANG Z N, et al. Awareness of early childhood sex education and influencing factors among rural kindergarten teachers in Sichuan[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2021, 42(4): 538-541. (in Chinese) doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.04.014
[14]	张琼, 李军华, 李文娟. 幼儿家庭性教育观念的调查分析[J]. 甘肃高师学报, 2021, 26(5): 105-109. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GSGS202105026.htm ZHANG Q, LI J H, LI W J. Investigation and analysis of children's family sexuality education[J]. J Gansu Norm Coll, 2021, 26(5): 105-109. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GSGS202105026.htm
[15]	常豫红, 游光富, 蒋德勇, 等. 四川农村幼儿园家长幼儿性教育相关知识知晓情况分析[J]. 现代预防医学, 2020, 47(17): 3133-3136. CHANG Y H, YOU G F, JIANG D Y, et al. Awareness of early childhood sexual education knowledge among parents of rural kindergartens, Sichuan[J]. Mod Prev Med, 2020, 47(17): 3133-3136. (in Chinese)
[16]	MARTIN J, RIAZI H, FIROOZI A, et al. A sex education programme for mothers in Iran: does preschool children's sex education influence mothers' knowledge and attitudes?[J]. Sex Educ, 2018, 18(2).
[17]	鲁诗雅, 范颂, 王甄楠, 等. 农村地区家长对幼儿性教育的态度及影响因素分析[J]. 中国性科学, 2022, 31(1): 146-149. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XKXZ202201038.htm LU S Y, FAN S, WANG Z N, et al. Analysis of the attitudes and influencing factors for early childhood sex education among parents in rural areas[J]. Chin J Hum Sex, 2022, 31(1): 146-149. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XKXZ202201038.htm
[18]	余颖, 张容, 李卉, 等. 四川省农村地区家长幼儿性相关问题的应对方式及影响因素分析[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2021, 42(10): 1487-1490. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.10.010 YU Y, ZHANG R, LI H, et al. Parent-child communication about sex-related topics and associated factors in rural area of Sichuan[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2021, 42(10): 1487-1490. (in Chinese) doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.10.010
[19]	王甄楠, 赵均, 冮航宇, 等. 幼儿性教育家长课堂开展效果评价[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2022, 43(3): 382-385. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.03.015 WANG Z N, ZHAO J, JIANG H Y, et al. Effect of sexuality education for parents of preschoolers[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2022, 43(3): 382-385. (in Chinese) doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.03.015
[20]	张茜, 周静, 代雪梅, 等. 四川省农村地区幼儿家庭性教育开展现状及影响因素[J]. 中国医学科学院学报, 2020, 42(4): 452-458. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZYKX202004004.htm ZHANG Q, ZHOU J, DAI X M, et al. Young children's family sex education in rural areas of Sichuan Province and its influencing factors[J]. Acta Acad Med Sinic, 2020, 42(4): 452-458. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZYKX202004004.htm
[21]	MARTIN J, RIAZI H, FIROOZI A, et al. A sex education program for teachers of preschool children: a quasi-experimental study in Iran[J]. BMC Public Health, 2020, 20(1): 9.