特殊家庭结构与青少年身心健康的关系

林延敏; 马楠; 卢金逵

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.10.009

特殊家庭结构与青少年身心健康的关系

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.10.009

1.
吕梁学院体育系, 山西 033000
2.
上海立信会计金融学院
3.
上饶师范学院体育学院

基金项目:

山西省高等学校科技创新项目 2020L0714

吕梁学院一流课程建设项目 XJKC202154

详细信息

作者简介:
林延敏(1987-), 女, 山东冠县人, 硕士, 副教授, 主要研究方向为体质与健康

通讯作者:
马楠, E-mail: 20099965@lixin.edu.cn

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: G78 R179 B844.2
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-04-26
- 修回日期: 2022-06-12
- 网络出版日期: 2022-10-28
- 刊出日期: 2022-10-25

Relationship between special family structure and adolescents' physical and mental health

LIN Yanmin¹,
MA Nan^{2
, ,},
LU Jinkui³

1.
Department of Physical Education, Lyuliang University, Lüliang (033000), Shanxi Province, China

摘要

摘要: 目的探究特殊家庭结构与青少年身心健康的关联, 为促进特殊结构家庭青少年的健康成长提供数据参考。方法采用分层随机抽样法抽取江西省上饶市13~18岁3 941名中学生为研究对象, 采用自编问卷、患者健康问卷(PHQ-9)和广泛性焦虑量表(GAD-7)评估青少年特殊结构家庭情况、抑郁和焦虑症状, 并对青少年进行消瘦和超重肥胖筛查。结果青少年特殊结构家庭比例为7.0%。单因素分析显示, 父母离婚的青少年消瘦检出率(31.2%)高于正常家庭者(25.3%)(χ²=3.55, P < 0.05), 特殊结构家庭的青少年抑郁症状检出率(40.9%)高于正常结构家庭者(34.5%)(χ²=4.60, P < 0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示, 特殊结构家庭青少年的抑郁症状发生风险是正常结构家庭者的1.41倍(95%CI=1.02~1.79, P < 0.05)。结论特殊结构家庭与青少年消瘦、超重肥胖、焦虑症状间的关系并不明显, 但可能会增加青少年抑郁症状的发生风险。
- 家庭 /
- 健康教育 /
- 精神卫生 /
- 回归分析 /
- 青少年
Abstract: Objective To explore the relationship between family structure with adolescents' physical and mental health, and to provide a reference for promoting healthy development of adolescents in the family with particular structure. Methods The stratified random sampling method was used to select 3 941 middle school students aged 13 to 18 years in Shangrao City of Jiangxi Province. Self-designed questionnaire, Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and Generalized Anxiety Scale (GAD-7) were used to assess family structure, depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms, participants were divided into underweight or overweight and obesity according to screening for underweight of school-age children and screening for overweight and obesity of school-age children. Results The proportion of adolescents with special family structure was 7.0%. Univariate analysis showed that underweight rate of adolescents with divorced parents (31.2%) was higher than that of adolescents whose parents were still married (25.3%) (χ²=3.55, P < 0.05), the detection rate of depressive symptoms in adolescents with special family structure(40.9%) was higher than that in adolescents with typical family structure(34.5%) (χ²=4.60, P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that the risk of depressive symptoms in adolescents with special family structure was 1.41 times higher than that in adolescents with typical family structure(95%CI=1.02-1.79, P < 0.05). Conclusion No significant relationships between special family structure with underweight, overweight and obesity, and anxiety symptoms of adolescents are observed, however, special family structures are associated with increased risk of depressive symptoms in adolescents.
- Family /
- Health education /
- Mental health /
- Regression analysis /
- Adolescent
注释:

1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。

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表 1 不同人口统计学特征青少年特殊结构家庭报告率比较

Table 1. Comparison of the reporting rate of special structure families in adolescents with different demographic characteristics

人口统计学指标	选项	人数	丧父			丧母			父母离婚			父母再婚			特殊结构家庭
人口统计学指标	选项	人数	报告人数	χ²值	P值	报告人数	χ²值	P值	报告人数	χ²值	P值	报告人数	χ²值	P值	报告人数	χ²值	P值
性别	男	2 053	25(1.2)	0.52	0.28	12(0.6)	0.50	0.32	90(4.4)	5.81	0.01	34(1.7)	4.64	0.02	127(6.2)	3.89	0.03
	女	1 888	28(1.5)			8(0.4)			115(6.1)			50(2.6)			147(7.8)
学段	初中	2 031	24(1.2)	0.84	0.22	6(0.3)	3.73	＜0.05	110(5.4)	0.39	0.29	42(2.1)	0.08	0.43	140(6.9)	0.02	2.47
	高中	1 910	29(1.5)			14(0.7)			95(5.0)			42(2.2)			134(7.0)
户籍	城镇	834	6(0.7)	3.12	＜0.05	2(0.2)	1.50	0.17^a	55(6.6)	4.16	0.03	18(2.2)	0.01	0.52	63(7.6)	0.59	0.21
	农村	3 107	47(1.5)			18(0.6)			150(4.8)			66(2.1)			211(6.8)
家庭经济状况	差	631	31(4.9)		＜0.01^b	7(1.1)		0.04^b	49(7.8)	10.02	0.01	16(2.5)	0.63	0.73	84(13.3)	47.37	＜0.01
	中	2 946	22(0.7)			13(0.4)			139(4.7)			60(2.0)			172(5.8)
	好	364	0			0			17(4.7)			8(2.2)			18(4.9)
合计		3 941	53(1.3)			20(0.5)			205(5.2)			84(2.1)			274(7.0)
注：()内数字为报告率/%；a采用连续校正χ²检验；b采用Fisher精确检验。

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表 2 是否特殊结构家庭组间青少年身心健康状况比较

Table 2. Comparison of detection rates of depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, underweight and overweight among adolescents whether or not special structure family

特殊家庭结构	选项	人数	消瘦			超重肥胖			抑郁症状			焦虑症状
特殊家庭结构	选项	人数	检出人数	χ²值	P值	检出人数	χ²值	P值	检出人数	χ²值	P值	检出人数	χ²值	P值
丧父	否	3 888	1 000(25.7)	1.29	0.17	272(7.0)	0.14	0.49^a	1 352(34.8)	2.54	0.08	1 399(36.0)	0.69	0.25
	是	53	10(18.9)			3(5.7)			24(45.3)			22(41.5)
丧母	否	3 921	1 006(25.7)	0.33	0.40^a	274(7.0)	0.12	0.59^a	1 367(34.9)	0.90	0.25	1 416(36.1)	1.07	0.22
	是	20	4(20.0)			1(5.0)			9(45.0)			5(25.0)
父母离婚	否	3 736	946(25.3)	3.55	0.04	264(7.1)	0.87	0.22	1 294(34.6)	2.46	0.07	1 337(35.8)	2.27	0.09
	是	205	64(31.2)			11(5.4)			82(40.0)			84(41.0)
父母再婚	否	3 857	985(25.5)	0.77	0.23	273(7.1)	2.79	0.07^a	1 343(34.8)	0.72	0.23	1 386(35.9)	1.17	0.18
	是	84	25(29.8)			2(2.4)			33(39.3)			35(41.7)
父母离婚/再婚	否	3 867	988(25.5)	0.67	0.42	273(7.1)	2.12	0.17^a	1 346(34.8)	1.05	0.33	1 389(35.9)	1.69	0.22
	是	74	22(29.7)			2(2.7)			30(40.5)			32(43.2)
特殊结构家庭	否	3 667	934(25.5)	0.69	0.21	260(7.1)	1.03	0.20	1 264(34.5)	4.60	0.02	1 311(35.8)	2.14	0.08
	是	274	76(27.7)			15(5.5)			112(40.9)			110(40.1)
注：()内数字为检出率/%；a采用连续校正χ²检验。

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