西部地区不同民族青少年校园欺凌与抑郁症状的关联

唐程梦; 蒋建军; 彭伟; 张强; 晏明霞; 陈佳怡; 赵颖; 李可晗; 刘巧兰

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.10.006

西部地区不同民族青少年校园欺凌与抑郁症状的关联

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.10.006

唐程梦¹,
蒋建军¹,
彭伟¹,
张强^{1, 2},
晏明霞¹,
陈佳怡¹,
赵颖¹,
李可晗¹,
刘巧兰^1, ,

1.
四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院健康行为与社会医学系, 四川大学华西-协和陈志潜卫生健康研究院, 成都 610041
2.
西藏自治区疾病预防控制中心公共卫生监测所

基金项目:

四川大学中央高校基本业务费"培育基金" 20826041C4234

国家自然科学基金 81472994

四川省教育厅应用心理学研究中心项目 CSXL-182004

详细信息

作者简介:
唐程梦(1995-), 女, 重庆市人, 在读硕士, 主要研究方向为儿少与妇幼健康相关行为

通讯作者:
刘巧兰, E-mail: liuqiaol@scu.edu.cn

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: B844.2 G478 G444
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-04-30
- 修回日期: 2022-05-24
- 网络出版日期: 2022-10-28
- 刊出日期: 2022-10-25

Correlation analysis of school bullying and depressive symptoms among multi-ethnic adolescents in western China

1.
Department of Health Behavior and Social Medicine, West China School of Public Health/West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, West China-Union Chen Zhiqian Health Research Institute, Chengdu (610041), China

摘要

摘要: 目的了解西部地区汉族、彝族、藏族青少年校园欺凌和抑郁症状的流行现状, 探讨不同欺凌角色、欺凌频率与抑郁症状之间的关联程度, 为青少年校园欺凌防治提供新观点。方法采用典型抽样和整群抽样相结合的方法, 于2020年4—11月在四川省苍溪县、甘洛县和西藏自治区拉萨市的6所中小学中招募3 115名中小学生进行自填式问卷调查。采用多因素Logistic回归分析校园欺凌与抑郁症状的关系。结果 881名(28.3%)中小学生在过去6个月中经历过校园欺凌, 892名(28.6%)检出抑郁症状。汉族、彝族、藏族的校园欺凌报告率分别为20.5%, 46.4%和23.8%, 其中被欺凌报告率分别为15.3%, 25.0%和11.8%, 欺凌报告率分别为2.3%, 5.7%和6.7%, 欺凌-被欺凌报告率分别为2.9%, 5.7%和5.4%;抑郁症状检出率分别为20.4%, 37.9%和36.5%。调整年龄、年级、民族、吸烟、饮酒变量后, 被欺凌者(AOR=1.98, 95%CI=1.61~2.45)、欺凌者(AOR=2.63, 95%CI=1.81~3.82)和欺凌-被欺凌者(AOR=3.33, 95%CI=2.44~4.54)的抑郁风险高于无校园欺凌经历者(P值均 < 0.01), 且抑郁风险随着欺凌频率增加而增大。结论西部地区彝族和藏族青少年的校园欺凌和抑郁症状均高于汉族, 参与校园欺凌、高欺凌频率与抑郁症状密切相关。干预措施中应加强对各类欺凌角色和少数民族青少年的关注。
- 暴力 /
- 抑郁 /
- 精神卫生 /
- 回归分析 /
- 青少年 /
- 少数民族
Abstract: Objective To understand the prevalence of school bullying and depressive symptoms among the Han, Yi, and Tibetan adolescents in western China, and to explore the relationships between bullying roles, bullying frequency and depression symptoms. Methods A combination method of typical sampling and cluster sampling was used to recruit 3 115 participants from six primary and middle schools in Cangxi County and Ganluo County in Sichuan Province, and Lhasa City in Tibet Autonomous Region from April to November 2020. All participants completed self-filled questionnaires. Multiple Logistic regression was used to analyze the association between school bullying and depression symptoms. Results A total of 881 participants (28.3%) had experienced school bullying in the past 6 months, and 892 participants(28.6%) were detected with depressive symptoms. The rates of school bullying in the Han, Yi, and Tibetan adolescents were 20.5%, 46.4% and 23.8%, respectively. Among them, the rates of victims were 15.3%, 25.0% and 11.8%, respectively; the rates of bully were 2.3%, 5.7% and 6.7%, respectively; the rates of bully-victims were 2.9%, 5.7% and 5.4%, respectively. The prevalence of depressive symptoms in the Han, Yi, and Tibetan adolescents were 20.4%, 37.9% and 36.5%, respectively. After adjusting for age, grade, ethnicity, smoking, and drinking, the odds for depressive symptoms among victims (AOR=1.98, 95%CI=1.61-2.45), bully (AOR=2.63, 95%CI=1.81-3.82), and bully-victims (AOR=3.33, 95%CI=2.44-4.54) were significantly higher than those without school bullying experience(P < 0.01). And the risks increased with the increasing bullying frequency. Conclusion School bullying and depressive symptoms of the Yi and the Tibetan adolescents in western China were higher than those of the Han adolescents. Meanwhile, participation in school bullying and the high frequency of bullying were closely related to depressive symptoms. Future interventions should pay attention to various bullying roles and minority adolescents.
- Violence /
- Depression /
- Mental health /
- Regression analysis /
- Adolescent /
- Minority groups
注释:

1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。

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表 1 不同特征青少年校园欺凌和抑郁症状比较

Table 1. Comparison of school bullying and depression symptoms among adolescents with different characteristics

组别	选项	人数	有欺凌经历			抑郁症状
组别	选项	人数	报告人数	χ²值	P值	检出人数	χ²值	P值
性别	男	1 484	463(31.2)	11.89	＜0.01	415(28.0)	0.62	0.43
	女	1 631	418(25.6)			477(29.3)
学段	小学	1 096	336(30.7)	4.70	0.03	251(22.9)	27.21	＜0.01
	初中	2 019	545(27.0)			641(31.7)
是否留守	否	1 819	523(28.7)	0.48	0.49	537(29.5)	1.68	0.20
	是	1 296	358(27.6)			355(27.4)
民族	汉族	1 579	324(20.5)	190.79	＜0.01	322(20.4)	106.84	＜0.01
	彝族	847	393(46.4)			309(36.5)
	藏族	689	164(23.8)			261(37.9)
是否吸烟	否	2 725	708(26.0)	56.81	＜0.01	703(25.8)	85.75	＜0.01
	是	390	173(44.4)			189(48.5)
是否饮酒	否	2 156	503(23.3)	84.67	＜0.01	496(23.0)	108.62	＜0.01
	是	959	378(39.4)			396(41.3)
注：()内数字为报告率或检出率/%。

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表 2 青少年校园欺凌角色、频率与抑郁症状之间的关联性分析

Table 2. The correlation analysis between the role in, the frequency of school bullying and depressive symptoms among adolescents

组别	选项	人数	抑郁症状		OR值(OR值95%CI)	AOR值(AOR值95%CI)
组别	选项	人数	检出人数	检出率/%	OR值(OR值95%CI)	AOR值(AOR值95%CI)
欺凌角色	无	2 234	504	22.6	1.00	1.00
	被欺凌	534	200	37.5	2.06(1.68~2.51)^**	1.98(1.61~2.45)^**
	欺凌	131	68	51.9	3.71(2.59~5.29)^**	2.63(1.81~3.82)^**
	欺凌-被欺凌	216	120	55.6	4.29(3.22~5.71)^**	3.33(2.44~4.54)^**
被欺凌者：被欺凌	从未	2 234	504	22.6	1.00	1.00
频率	只发生过1~2次	404	139	34.3	1.80(1.43~2.26)^**	1.70(1.34~2.17)^**
	一个月有两三次甚至更多	51	24	47.1	3.05(1.75~5.34)^**	2.61(1.45~4.70)^**
	至少1周1次	79	37	46.8	3.02(1.92~4.76)^**	3.45(2.16~5.52)^**
欺凌者：欺凌他人	从未	2 234	504	22.6	1.00	1.00
频率	只发生过1~2次	107	52	48.6	3.25(2.19~4.80)^**	2.28(1.51~3.45)^**
	一个月有两三次甚至更多	9	5	55.6	4.29(1.15~16.04)^*	1.96(0.50~7.75)
	至少1周1次	15	11	73.3	9.44(2.99~29.77)^**	4.97(1.51~16.40)^*
欺凌-被欺凌者：被欺凌	从未	2 234	504	22.6	1.00	1.00
频率	只发生过1~2次	136	69	50.7	3.54(2.49~5.02)^**	2.52(1.72~3.68)^**
	一个月有两三次甚至更多	38	26	68.4	7.44(3.73~14.85)^**	4.29(2.09~8.81)^**
	至少1周1次	42	25	59.5	5.05(2.70~9.42)^**	4.46(2.31~8.61)^**
欺凌-被欺凌者：欺凌他人	从未	2 234	504	22.6	1.00	1.00
频率	只发生过1~2次	158	82	51.9	3.70(2.70~5.14)^**	2.79(1.96~3.98)^**
	一个月有两三次甚至更多	17	13	76.5	11.16(3.62~34.36)^**	7.11(2.24~22.59)^**
	至少1周1次	41	25	61.0	5.36(2.84~10.12)^**	3.29(1.68~6.44)^**
注：P＜0.05，P＜0.01；AOR*值为调节年龄、年级、民族、吸烟、饮酒变量后获得的OR值。

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