湖州市学生午餐主要致病菌污染状况

袁瑞; 黄铮; 朱幸; 宋臻鹏; 闻栋

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.09.034

湖州市学生午餐主要致病菌污染状况

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.09.034

浙江省湖州市疾病预防控制中心营养与食品安全科，313000

基金项目:

湖州市科技计划项目 2021GY14

详细信息

作者简介:
袁瑞(1988-)，男，安徽凤阳人，硕士，主管医师，主要研究方向为公共卫生监测

通讯作者:
黄铮，E-mail：hz_qxp@163.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R726.8 R179 R193
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-02-11
- 修回日期: 2022-07-19
- 网络出版日期: 2022-09-23
- 刊出日期: 2022-09-25

Primary pathogenic bacteria in student lunch in Huzhou City

Demartment of Nutrition and Food Safety, Huzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Huzhou (313000), Zhejiang Province, China

摘要

摘要: 目的了解湖州市学生午餐主要食源性致病菌污染状况, 为卫生监管、食源性疾病防制提供参考。方法 2021年随机采集湖州市77所大中小学校及幼儿园食堂的学生午餐225份, 对其开展大肠埃希菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、蜡样芽孢杆菌、沙门菌、弯曲菌、单核细胞增生李斯特菌以及致泻性大肠埃希菌检测, 依据相关标准对其进行微生物污染状况评价。结果 225份学生午餐总体不合格率为2.67%(6/225), 其中大肠埃希菌>100 CFU/g的比例为1.33%(3/225), 蜡样芽胞杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、单核细胞增生李斯特菌和致泻性大肠埃希菌的检出率分别为7.11%, 1.33%, 0.89%和0.44%, 金黄色葡萄球菌≥10⁴ CFU/g和蜡样芽胞杆菌≥10⁵ CFU/g的比例均为0。不同学校类型间学生午餐不合格率差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05), 不合格样品主要来自小学食堂, 其不合格率为5.63%(4/71)。结论湖州市学生午餐总体卫生状况尚可, 但存在不同程度的食源性致病菌污染, 尤其应加强对小学的监督与管理。
- 膳食 /
- 细菌 /
- 食品污染 /
- 合格鉴定
Abstract: Objective To understand the microbial contamination of student lunch in Huzhou, in order to provide reference for foodborne disease prevention and control. Methods In 2021, 225 samples of student lunch were randomly collected from 77 schools and detected for E.coli, S.aureus, B.cereus, Salmonella, Campylobacter, Listeria monocytogenes, and Diarrhoeal E.coli.According to the relevant standards, the status of microbial contamination was evaluated. Results The total unqualified rate was 2.67%(6/225).The unqualified rates of E coli (>100 CFU/g) was 1.33%.The detection rates of B.cereus, S.aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, and diarrhoeal E.coli were 7.11%(16/225), 1.33%(3/225), 0.89%(2/225) and 0.44%(1/225), respectively.The unqualified rates of S.aureus (≥10⁴ CFU/g) and B.cereus (≥10⁵ CFU/g) were zero.There are statistical differences in the unqualified rate of student lunch among different school types (P < 0.05).The unqualified samples mainly came from the primary school canteen, and the unqualified rate was 5.63%(4/71). Conclusion The sanitary quality of student lunch in Huzhou is acceptable, but there are different degrees of foodborne pathogens pollution, especially in primary schools, and supervision and management should be strengthened.
- Diet /
- Bacteria /
- Food contamination /
- Eligibility determination
注释:

1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。

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表 1 湖州市225份学生午餐中微生物污染情况

Table 1. Distribution characteristics of microbial contamination in students lunch among Huzhou City

分类	选项	样品数	大肠埃希菌		蜡样芽胞杆菌		金黄色葡萄球菌		单核细胞增生李斯特菌		致泻性大肠埃希菌		总体污染状况
分类	选项	样品数	检出份数	P值	不合格份数	P值	检出份数	P值	检出份数	P值	检出份数	P值	不合格份数	P值
食品种类	米面制品	18	1(5.56)	0.41	0	0.37	1(5.56)	0.41	1(5.56)	0.30	0	1.00	2(11.11)	0.18
	热菜	189	2(1.06)		15(7.94)		2(1.06)		1(0.53)		1(0.53)		4(2.12)
	盒饭	12	0		0		0		0		0		0
	热汤	6	0		1(16.67)		0	0			0		0
采样时间	一季度	56	1(1.79)	0.62	2(3.57)	0.05	3(5.36)	0.04	1(1.79)	0.62	0	0.75	2(3.57)	1.00
	二季度	56	0		1(1.79)		0		0		1(1.79)		1(1.79)
	三季度	56	0		8(14.29)		0		1(1.79)		0		1(1.79)
	四季度	57	2(3.51)		5(8.77)		0		0		0		2(3.51)
学校类型	幼儿园	64	0	0.14	3(4.69)	0.70	0	0.57	0	0.26	0	0.64	0	< 0.05
	小学	71	1(1.41)		7(9.86)		2(2.82)		2(2.82)		1(1.41)		4(5.63)
	中学	81	1(1.23)		6(7.41)		1(1.23)		0		0		1(1.23)
	大学	9	1(11.11)		0		0		0		0		1(11.11)
注：()内数字为不合格率或检出率/%。

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