云南省2015—2019年儿童青少年意外伤害死亡原因分析

张紫嫣; 唐娴; 申慧杰; 焦锋; 黄源; 陈莹; 陈杨

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.09.029

云南省2015—2019年儿童青少年意外伤害死亡原因分析

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.09.029

张紫嫣¹,
唐娴²,
申慧杰¹,
焦锋¹,
黄源¹,
陈莹¹,
陈杨^2, ,

1.
昆明医科大学公共卫生学院，云南 650500
2.
云南省疾病预防控制中心慢病所

基金项目:

云南省高层次人才计划 YNQR-QNRC-2018-140

详细信息

作者简介:
张紫嫣(1998-)，女，云南昆明人，在读硕士，主要研究方向为儿少卫生与妇幼保健

通讯作者:
陈杨，E-mail：yncdccy@126.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R179 G478 R193
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-03-18
- 修回日期: 2022-05-20
- 网络出版日期: 2022-09-23
- 刊出日期: 2022-09-25

Mortality and causes of accidental injury among children and adolescents aged 5-19 in Yunnan Province during 2015-2019

1.
School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming (650500), China

摘要

摘要: 目的探讨2015-2019年云南省儿童青少年意外伤害死亡的流行病学特点, 为制定预防儿童意外死亡的干预措施提供参考依据。方法对2015-2019年云南省儿童青少年意外伤害死亡病例性别分布、年龄组分布、死因顺位等特征作回顾性分析, 采用Poisson回归模型估计死亡率的变化趋势, χ²检验比较不同性别和不同年龄段间死亡率的差异。结果云南省5~19岁儿童青少年意外伤害粗死亡率从2015年的19.15/10万下降至2019年的18.35/10万(Z=-3.36, P < 0.01)。道路交通事故、溺水、意外跌落、其他意外伤害、意外中毒、火灾死亡率男生均高于女生(χ²值分别为867.01, 11.69, 147.60, 190.34, 7.23, 702.97, P值均 < 0.05)。意外伤害前3位死因为道路交通事故、溺水、意外跌落。除了意外跌落外, 道路交通事故、溺水、其他意外伤害、意外中毒、火灾、全意外伤害死因15~19岁组死亡率高于5~9和10~14岁组(χ²值分别为764.47, 75.91, 31.75, 9.24, 114.96, 327.64, P值均 < 0.05)。前3位交通类型事故为骑(乘)摩托车人员的损伤、轻型货车或篷车事故损伤和驾(乘)小汽车人员的损伤, 分别占27.83%, 10.57%和7.90%。讨论需根据不同地区、年龄阶段、性别的儿童青少年特点采取针对性措施, 减低儿童意外伤害发生率和死亡率。
- 创伤和损伤 /
- 意外跌倒 /
- 死亡率 /
- 儿童 /
- 青少年
Abstract: Objective To explore the epidemiological characteristics of mortality of accidental injury children aged 5-19 years in Yunnan Province during 2015-2019, to provide further evidence for reducing accidental mortality in children. Methods The mortality cases of accidental injury by gender, age groups, and causes among children and adolescents in Yunnan Province during 2015 to 2019 were analyzed retrospectively.Poisson regression model was used to estimate the trend of mortality.Chi-square test was used to compare the differences of mortality by gender and age groups. Results During 2015 to 2019, the mortality rate of accidental injury in children and adolescents aged 5-19 years in Yunnan Province decreased from 19.15/10⁵ in 2015 to 18.35/10⁵ in 2019(Z=-3.36, P < 0.01).The mortality rate of all types of accidental injuries in male was higher than that in female (χ²=867.01, 11.69, 147.60, 190.34, 7.23, 702.97, P < 0.05).The top three causes of fatal accidental injuries included road traffic accidents, drowning and falls.Except for accidental falls, the mortality rate of other causes in the 15-19 age group was significantly higher than that in the age of 5-9 years and 10-14 years groups (χ²=764.47, 75.91, 31.75, 9.24, 114.96, 327.64, P < 0.05).The top three traffic accidents were happened among motorcyclists, light trucks or caravans and cars, accounting for 27.83%, 10.57% and 7.90% respectively. Conclusion Targeted measures should be taken continuously according to the characteristics of children and adolescents in different regions, age groups and gender to reduce the incidence and mortality of accidental injuries among children.
- Wounds and injuvies /
- Accidental falls /
- Mortality /
- Child /
- Adolescent
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表 1 云南省2015—2019年儿童青少年意外伤害类型粗死亡率/10^-5

Table 1. Crude mortality of accidental injury types of children and adolescents in Yunnan Province from 2015 to 2019/10^-5

年份	道路交通事故			溺水			意外跌落			其他意外伤害			意外中毒			火灾
年份	男	女	小计	男	女	小计	男	女	小计	男	女	小计	男	女	小计	男	女	小计
2015	2.81	0.78	1.82	1.72	0.55	1.15	0.62	0.16	0.40	0.68	0.23	0.46	0.28	0.25	0.26	0.03	0.02	0.03
2016	2.77	0.99	1.91	1.81	0.53	1.20	0.50	0.25	0.38	0.69	0.25	0.36	0.33	0.18	0.26	0.03	0.02	0.02
2017	2.54	0.82	1.71	1.67	0.47	1.09	0.51	0.20	0.36	0.59	0.19	0.31	0.31	0.17	0.24	0.02	0.00	0.01
2018	1.95	0.71	1.35	1.49	0.39	0.96	0.55	0.25	0.40	0.57	0.20	0.30	0.23	0.19	0.21	0.05	0.03	0.04
2019	1.89	0.69	1.31	1.73	0.55	1.16	0.57	0.27	0.42	0.43	0.20	0.22	0.22	0.19	0.20	0.06	0.03	0.05
总计	2.39	0.80	1.62	1.68	0.50	1.11	0.55	0.22	0.39	0.59	0.22	0.33	0.27	0.20	0.24	0.04	0.02	0.03

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表 2 云南省儿童青少年不同年龄死因顺位及粗死亡率

Table 2. Death causes and crude mortality of children and adolescents of different ages in Yunnan Province

年龄段/岁	年份	道路交通事故		溺水		意外跌落		其他意外伤害		意外中毒		火灾		全意外伤害
年龄段/岁	年份	死亡率/10^-5	构成比/%	死亡率/10^-5	构成比/%	死亡率/10^-5	构成比/%	死亡率/10^-5	构成比/%	死亡率/10^-5	构成比/%	死亡率/10^-5	构成比/%	死亡率/10^-5	构成比/%
5~9	2015	4.01	31.65	4.92	38.85	1.28	10.07	1.49	11.75	0.70	5.52	0.27	2.16	12.67	4.62
	2016	3.97	28.95	5.87	42.76	1.34	9.80	1.71	12.47	0.67	4.90	0.15	1.11	13.72	4.98
	2017	3.95	30.96	4.54	35.63	1.94	15.23	1.79	14.00	0.50	3.93	0.03	0.25	12.75	4.51
	2018	3.34	27.08	5.16	41.82	1.59	12.87	1.49	12.06	0.53	4.29	0.23	1.88	12.33	4.13
	2019	4.41	27.36	6.30	39.08	2.41	14.94	2.04	12.64	0.67	4.14	0.30	1.84	16.12	4.82
	合计	3.94	29.20	5.36	39.63	1.71	12.58	1.70	12.59	0.61	4.55	0.20	1.45	13.52	23.06
10~14	2015	4.95	32.71	6.15	40.63	1.67	11.04	1.45	9.58	0.85	5.63	0.06	0.42	15.14	5.32
	2016	5.99	36.35	6.82	41.35	1.30	7.88	1.43	8.65	0.86	5.19	0.10	0.58	16.49	5.76
	2017	5.00	32.35	6.60	42.65	1.27	8.19	1.56	10.08	1.01	6.51	0.03	0.21	15.47	5.27
	2018	4.56	30.65	6.03	40.55	2.06	13.82	1.44	9.68	0.65	4.38	0.14	0.92	14.88	4.81
	2019	4.75	30.40	6.34	40.60	2.12	13.60	1.22	7.80	0.81	5.20	0.37	2.40	15.61	5.54
	合计	5.05	32.49	6.39	41.15	1.68	10.91	1.42	9.16	0.84	5.38	0.14	0.91	15.52	26.70
15~19	2015	16.25	54.82	5.13	17.32	2.63	8.86	3.47	11.71	2.10	7.09	0.06	0.20	29.64	11.26
	2016	9.13	56.33	2.49	15.36	1.48	9.12	1.95	12.00	1.12	6.91	0.05	0.29	16.21	11.55
	2017	15.29	57.30	4.87	18.24	2.00	7.51	2.46	9.23	1.95	7.30	0.11	0.43	26.69	10.33
	2018	6.98	51.55	2.15	15.90	1.45	10.68	1.70	12.55	1.14	8.45	0.12	0.87	13.55	8.92
	2019	11.45	49.12	5.96	25.58	2.24	9.61	1.89	8.12	1.70	7.31	0.06	0.27	23.30	8.19
	合计	11.82	53.83	4.12	18.48	1.96	9.16	2.29	10.72	1.60	7.41	0.08	0.41	21.88	50.24

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