儿童伤害预防家庭监护能力评估研究分析

殷小雅; 王书梅

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.08.025

儿童伤害预防家庭监护能力评估研究分析

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.08.025

殷小雅,
王书梅^,

复旦大学公共卫生学院/公共卫生安全教育部重点实验室，上海 200032

基金项目:

上海市第五轮公共卫生体系建设三年行动计划重点学科项目 GWV-10.1-XK08

详细信息

作者简介:
殷小雅(1995-)，女，甘肃兰州人，在读硕士，主要研究方向为儿童伤害预防

通讯作者:
王书梅，E-mail：smwang@fudan.edu.cn

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R179 G78
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-02-09
- 修回日期: 2022-06-10
- 网络出版日期: 2022-08-24
- 刊出日期: 2022-08-25

Research progress on assessment of parental ability to prevent child injury

YIN Xiaoya,
WANG Shumei^,

Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education/School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai(200032), China

摘要

摘要: 目的对现有研究中关于儿童伤害预防家庭监护能力评估的内容进行分析，为开发适用于中国儿童的伤害家庭监护能力评估指标体系提供参考依据。方法从中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)、万方、中国知网、维普、PubMed、Medline、Springer和Web of Science中英文数据库检索儿童伤害预防家庭监护能力评估的相关研究，从评估方法、评估内容和所用评估工具的信效度对相关文献进行梳理。结果共纳入文献47篇，纳入研究中的评估方法包括定性研究和定量调查，以通过量表或问卷开展的定量调查为主。评估内容包括家长的儿童伤害预防知信行(44篇)和家庭环境安全性(3篇)，评估对象主要集中在学龄前儿童家长。定量调查中，8篇研究验证了所用评估工具的信效度，信度检验指标包括重测信度和Cronbach α系数，效度指标包括内容效度、结构效度和效标效度。结论现有研究中缺乏适用于中国儿童及家长的儿童伤害预防家庭监护能力评估工具，今后开发相应评估工具时应考虑不同儿童年龄段特点、不同伤害类型以及信效度问题。
- 暴力 /
- 家庭 /
- 事故预防 /
- 儿童
Abstract: Objective To review the articles evaluating parental ability on child injury prevention and to provide suggestions for developing assessment index for parental ability on child injury prevention. Methods Relevant studies were retrieved from the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), Wanfang, CNKI, VIP, PubMed, Medline, Springer, and Web of Science, and were reviewed based on instruments, contents, as well as reliability and validity of instruments. Results A total of 47 articles were included for analysis. The methods for assessment mainly include quantitative and qualitative investigation, mainly quantitative surveys through scales or questionnaires. Assessment contents mainly included parental knowledge, attitudes and practice on child injury prevention(44 papers), as well as home safety(3 papers).The evaluation object mainly concentrated on parents of preschool children. A small part of studies tested the reliability and validity of the instruments in quantitative investigations.The reliability test indexes included retest reliability and Kronbach coefficient, and the validity test indexes included content validity, structure validity and scale validity. Conclusion There is a lack of assessment tools for evaluating parents' ability on child injury prevention in Chinese background. The development of corresponding assessment tools should consider the characteristics of children in different age groups, injury types, as well as its reliability and validity.
- Violence /
- Family /
- Accident prevention /
- Child
注释:

1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。

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表 1 纳入文献基本特征

Table 1. Features of the included literatures

第一作者及年份	评估方法/工具	评估内容	伤害类型	儿童年龄段/岁
Bennett Murphy^[42](2001)	定性访谈	家长对伤害的认知和伤害预防行为	未提及	未提及
LeBlanc^[9](2006)	观察法	儿童居家环境安全性	跌倒、烧烫伤、中毒	0~6
Spinks^[27](2008)	定性访谈	家长的看护行为	道路交通伤、溺水	6~11
Mashreky^[10](2009)	定性访谈	家长的伤害预防态度	烧烫伤	0~6
Ablewhite^[17](2015)	定性访谈	家长的伤害预防态度和日常看护行为	未提及	3~5
Bauer^[34](2020)	定性访谈	家长的伤害预防态度	未提及	3~11
Damashek^[43](2020)	定性访谈	家长的看护行为	未提及	未提及
Mulligan-Smith^[13](1998)	家庭安全行为调查(Safety Practices in Families): 0~4岁、5~12岁和13~15岁3个分量表，分别有13，11，8个条目	家长的伤害预防态度和危险行为以及部分急救技能掌握情况	烧烫伤、道路交通伤、跌倒	0~15
Mock^[44](2002)	伤害预防项目调查问卷(Questionnaires from the Injury Prevention Program)：7个问题	家长的伤害预防知识和行为	道路交通伤、烧烫伤	未提及
Lewis^[37](2004)	伤害预防态度调查(Injury Attitudes Questionnaire, IAQ): 2个因子，共14个问题	家长对儿童伤害的态度	未提及	未提及
Morrongiello^[18](2004)	伤害预防信念问卷(Beliefs about Supervision Questionnaire)：10个条目	母亲在伤害预防方面对儿童的看护态度	未提及	3~5
Morrongiello^[45](2006)	家长伤害监护特质问卷(Parent Supervision Attributes Profile Questionnaire, PSAPQ): 29个条目	家长对儿童的保护行为、看护水平、可以容忍的风险等级和对伤害发生态度	未提及	未提及
Will^[40](2009)	伤害发生风险感知评估量表(Worry Assessment and Risk Estimation Scale, WARE)：21个条目	家长对儿童所处场景的风险评估，即对伤害的认知	道路交通伤、烧烫伤、溺水、跌倒	未提及
Morrongiello^[28](2011)	伤害监护与危险行为调查问卷(Supervision Attributes and Risk-taking Questionnaire, SARTQ)：3个维度，50个问题	家长的看护态度和行为	未提及	6~11
Anderst^[39](2012)	儿童伤害监护快速评估(Rapid Assessment of Supervision for Young Children)：9个条目	儿童伤害发生时家长当时的看护行为	未提及	未提及
Cheng^[11](2016)	儿童健康促进系统(Child Health Improvement through Computer Automation System, CHICA)随机题库中的伤害预防(Injury prevention)和家长急救知识(Parent first-aid knowledge)部分：共24个题目	家长的伤害预防行为和急救知识掌握情况	窒息、烧烫伤、道路交通伤、跌落	0~6
Inbaraj^[46](2017)	风险与危险感知调查(Questionnaire of Perception of Risk and Perception of Hazard): 共72个问题	家长认为儿童最容易发生的伤害、对各类伤害严重性的排序和对环境危险因素的感知	未提及	未提及
Huynh^[4](2017)	自编问卷：6个问题	儿童在户外玩耍时，家长的看护行为、对环境风险的感知以及伤害预防信念	未提及	未提及
Olsen^[38](2018)	家长监护危险行为与保护行为调查(Risk Engagement and Protection Survey, REPS): 48个条目	父亲对于保护孩子免受伤害和鼓励孩子参与探索性同时存在危险性活动的态度	未提及	未提及
Yang^[41](2019)	PSAPQ汉化版本	家长对儿童的保护行为、看护水平、可以容忍的风险等级和对伤害发生态度	未提及	未提及
Shields^[35](2020)	家庭环境安全评估(Child Housing Assessment for a Safe Environment, CHASE)：12个因子，25个条目	家庭环境的安全性	烧烫伤、坠落伤、碰撞伤、中毒、跌倒、窒息	未提及
徐来荣^[30](2002)	伤害预防认知调查表：4个问题	家长的伤害预防态度	未提及	6~15
钟节鸣^[31](2004)	伤害认知情况调查问卷：4个题目	家长对伤害的认知	未提及	6~15
刘伟佳^[32](2005)	家长对学生伤害的认知调查表：12个问题	家长关于儿童伤害的知信行	窒息、烧烫伤、中毒、锐器伤	6~15
庞书勤^[7](2006)	危险因素调查表：31个条目	家庭环境中危险因素的分布情况	烧烫伤、溺水、中毒、锐器伤、坠落、窒息	0~3
徐妙珍^[14](2006)	儿童家长伤害认知调查问卷：10个问题	家长儿童伤害预防知信行	道路交通伤、窒息、锐器伤	0~15
王颖丽^[29](2007)	小学生家长伤害知信行调查问卷：8个问题	家长儿童伤害预防知信行	动物咬伤、道路交通伤、跌倒	6~11
张志保^[15](2007)	湖北省儿童伤害及家长认知水平调查问卷：11个问题	家长伤害预防知识掌握情况和其采取的安全防范措施	道路交通伤、窒息、溺水、锐器伤、中毒、烧烫伤	0~15
袁全莲^[19](2010)	儿童伤害知识知晓情况调查问卷：6个题目	家长对伤害的认知	未提及	3~5
张馨尹^[20](2010)	儿童伤害知识水平调查问卷(父母)：11个问题	家长的伤害预防态度	烧烫伤、跌倒、道路交通伤、溺水	3~5
蒋武^[21](2011)	儿童伤害预防知识调查问卷：16个问题	家长对儿童伤害相关知识的掌握情况	道路交通伤、窒息、溺水、烧烫伤、中毒、锐器伤	3~5
田红梅^[22](2012)	2010儿童家居用品安全专题教育测评家长问卷：16个问题	家长的伤害预防知识	窒息、中毒、烧烫伤、锐器伤、溺水	3~5
刘熹^[23](2013)	儿童伤害知识问卷：16个问题	家长对儿童伤害预防知识的掌握情况	中毒、跌倒、坠落、溺水	3~5
王莉^[47](2015)	小学生家长伤害预防知识问卷：22个问题	家长的伤害预防知识和行为	道路交通伤、坠落、烧烫伤、窒息	未提及
张雍^[12](2015)	儿童家长伤害预防知识问卷：10个题目	家长的伤害预防知识	道路交通伤、烧烫伤、窒息、跌倒、坠落、动物咬伤、中毒、碰撞伤	0~6
廖洪^[24](2015)	家长伤害预防知识与信念调查：11个问题	家长的伤害预防知识和态度	锐器伤、钝器伤、烧烫伤、中毒	3~5
杨桂涛^[25](2019)	学龄前儿童家长对非故意伤害发生的知信行和儿童危险行为的调查问卷：5个部分，共54个问题	家长的伤害预防知识、态度和对儿童实施的保护行为	坠落、道路交通伤、烧烫伤、碰撞伤、中毒	3~5
杨正丽^[48](2016)	学龄前儿童家长伤害急救知识调查问卷：13个问题	家长的急救知识掌握情况	烧烫伤、碰撞伤、中毒、窒息、溺水、动物咬伤	未提及
翟晓洁^[26](2016)	儿童伤害预防知识调查表：12个问题	家长对儿童伤害相关知识的掌握情况	动物咬伤、窒息、烧烫伤、坠落、锐器伤、溺水	3~5
施尚鹏^[16](2017)	监护人关于儿童烧烫伤知信行调查问卷：10个问题	家长对于儿童烧烫伤的知信行	烧烫伤	0~15
徐美亚^[49](2017)	儿童伤害家长认知调查：16个问题	家长的伤害预防知识	跌倒、坠落、溺水、中毒	未提及
谢冬怡^[33](2017)	家长溺水认知及监护行为调查问卷：12个问题	家长关于学生溺水的知信行	溺水	6~15
黄巧宇^[8](2020)	儿童伤害知识与安全行为问卷：20个问题	家长的伤害预防知识和安全行为	道路交通伤、窒息、烧烫伤、跌倒、溺水	0~3
施尚鹏^[50](2020)	儿童烧烫伤知识调查：10个问题	家长对儿童烧烫伤预防知识的掌握	烧烫伤	未提及
黄倩^[51](2020)	乃东区小学生伤害干预项目调查问卷：知识(11题)、态度(10题)和行为(24题)	家长的伤害预防知信行	道路交通伤、烧烫伤、溺水	未提及
孙孟珂^[36](2021)	IAQ汉化版: 14个问题	家长对儿童伤害的态度	未提及	未提及
王明芳^[52](2021)	儿童烧烫伤调查问卷：9个问题	家长对于儿童烧烫伤预防的知识及态度	烧烫伤	未提及

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