6周颈部离心训练对大学生颈部功能的影响

贾学恕; 王安利; 邹志康; 李波; 罗浩; 张恩铭

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.08.012

6周颈部离心训练对大学生颈部功能的影响

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.08.012

1.
北京体育大学运动医学与康复学院，北京 100084
2.
空军军医大学医研处
3.
山西省荣军医院康复医学部
4.
山西大学体育学院

基金项目:

国防科技创新特区项目 18-163-15-ZT-001-002-07

山西省教育科学规划重点项目 ZGF-19001

详细信息

作者简介:
贾学恕(1986-)，女，山西太原人，在读博士，主管治疗师，主要研究方向为运动康复与损伤预防

通讯作者:
张恩铭，E-mail：zhangenming@bsu.edu.cn

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: G647.8 G808 R726.8
计量
- 文章访问数: 730
- HTML全文浏览量: 379
- PDF下载量: 34
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-02-06
- 修回日期: 2022-06-22
- 网络出版日期: 2022-08-24
- 刊出日期: 2022-08-25

Effect of 6-week neck eccentric training on neck function of college students

1.
College of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sports University, Beijing(100084), China

摘要

摘要: 目的探讨6周颈部离心训练对大学生颈部功能的影响，为通过运动疗法改善不良姿势及预防颈椎病的发生提供依据。方法招募山西省某医学院52名大二学生，按性别分层后采用随机数字表法分为颈部离心训练干预组和对照组(各26名)，干预组每次训练时间25 min，每周3次，共进行6周，对照组进行健康宣教。分别于训练前和训练后，测试颈部围度、力量、活动度、耐力、头颈姿势。结果颈部前屈、后伸、左侧屈、右旋转力量交互作用均有统计学意义(F值分别为34.25，55.96，56.49，37.13，P值均 < 0.05)，6周后干预组力量为前屈(65.37±18.64)N、后伸(87.61±21.38)N、左侧屈(55.80±12.04)N、右侧屈(55.87±11.83)N，对照组力量为前屈(45.69±9.25)N、后伸(53.34±9.45)N、左侧屈(41.60±6.96)N、右侧屈(42.20±9.92)N，干预组高于对照组(t值分别为4.82，7.48，5.21，4.52，P值均 < 0.01)。颈部前屈、后伸、左侧屈、右旋转活动度交互效应均有统计学意义(F值分别为11.62，8.83，8.29，6.57，P值均 < 0.05)，6周后干预组颈部活动度前屈(53.54±7.28)°、后伸(57.42±7.37)°、左侧屈(40.77±4.14)°、右旋转(85.12±6.35)°，对照组相应活动度为(45.35±9.55)°、(50.85±7.56)°、(37.19±5.86)°、(76.15±7.86)°，干预组高于对照组(t值分别为3.48，3.18，2.54，4.52，P值均 < 0.05)。颈围、右侧屈和左旋转活动度、颈部耐力、头前伸角度的时间主效应均有统计学意义(F值分别为15.79，13.94，35.90，10.17，8.61，P值均 < 0.05)。结论 6周颈部离心训练可显著提升大学生颈部力量和关节活动度，对颈围、颈部耐力、头前伸姿势有改善作用。
- 体育和训练 /
- 颈 /
- 干预性研究 /
- 健康促进 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective To investigate the effect of cervical eccentric training on neck function of college students, and to provide basis for cervical spondylosis prevention. Methods Fifty-two students from a medical college in Shanxi Province were recruited. Participants were divided into the neck eccentric training intervention group and the control group according to the random number table method, after stratified by sex. The intervention group received training for 25 min each time, 3 times a week for 6 weeks, and the control group received neck health education. Neck circumference, strength, range of motion, endurance and head and neck posture were measured before and after intervention. Results The interaction of strength anterior flexion, extension left fiexion and right flexion was significant(F=34.25, 55.96, 56.49, 37.13, P < 0.05). After 6 weeks, the strength of the intervention group was anterior flexion(65.37±18.64)N, extension(87.61±21.38)N, left flexion(55.80±12.04)N, right flexion(55.87±11.83)N. After 6 weeks, the strength of the control group were (45.69±9.25), (53.34±9.45), (41.60±6.96) and(42.20±9.92)N, which were significantly lower compared to the intervention group(t=4.82, 7.48, 5.21, 4.52, P < 0.01). The interaction of motion of anterior flexion, extension, left flexion and right flexion were significant(F=11.62, 8.83, 8.29, 6.57, P < 0.05). After 6 weeks, the motion of intervention group had anterior flexion(53.54±7.28)°, extension(57.42±7.37)°, left flexion(40.77±4.14)°, right flexion(85.12±6.35)°. The corresponding motion levels of the control group were(45.35±9.55)°, (50.85±7.56)°, (37.19±5.86)°, (76.15±7.86)°. The intervention group was significantly higher than the control group(t=3.48, 3.18, 2.54, 4.52, P < 0.05). Main effects on time were observed in neck circumference, right flexion and left rotation motion, neck endurance and head extension angle(F=15.79, 13.94, 35.90, 10.17, 8.61, P < 0.05). Conclusion Six-week neck eccentric training can significantly improve neck strength and range of motion, as well as neck circumference, neck endurance and head forward posture.
- Physical education and training /
- Neck /
- Intervention studies /
- Health promotion /
- Students
注释:

1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。

HTML全文

表 1 两组受试者干预前后颈部活动度指标比较[x±s，(°)]

Table 1. Comparison of neck range of motion indexes between two groups before and after intervention[x±s, (°)]

组别	干预前后	人数	统计值	前屈	后伸	左侧屈	右侧屈	左旋转	右旋转
干预组	干预前	26		35.65±9.12	45.38±8.70	35.35±5.63	36.35±5.95	68.58±10.87	71.96±14.37
	干预后	26		53.54±7.28	57.42±7.37	40.77±4.14	41.31±5.62	81.31±5.29	85.12±6.35
			t值	-8.01	-6.66	-4.51	-4.09	-5.94	-4.23
			P值	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01
对照组	干预前	26		38.27±11.83	46.12±8.16	36.96±5.78	00.37±8.97	72.12±11.24	73.14±15.56
	干预后	26		45.35±9.55	50.85±7.56	37.19±5.86	39.88±10.04	78.73±5.34	76.15±7.86
			t值	-3.15	-2.84	-0.17	-1.68	-2.74	-1.24
			P值	< 0.01	0.01	0.86	0.11	0.01	0.23

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 两组受试者干预前后颈部力量指标比较(x±s，N)

Table 2. Comparison of neck strength indexes between two groups before and after intervention(x±s, N)

组别	干预前后	人数	统计值	前屈	后伸	左侧屈	右侧屈
干预组	干预前	26		37.75±8.58	46.41±13.01	33.15±8.25	34.22±9.30
	干预后	26		65.37±18.64	87.61±21.38	55.80±12.04	55.87±11.83
			t值	-10.46	-10.77	-13.91	-9.82
			P值	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01
对照组	干预前	26		40.06±13.94	49.09±18.07	36.61±11.40	37.83±11.90
	干预后	26		45.69±9.25	53.34±9.45	41.60±6.96	42.20±9.92
			t值	-2.11	-1.36	-2.94	-2.45
			P值	0.04	0.19	0.01	0.02

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(20)

[1]	NAMWONGSA S, PUNTUMETAKUL R, NEUBERT M, et al. Factors associated with neck disorders among university students martphone users[J]. Work, 2018, 61(3): 367-378. doi: 10.3233/WOR-182819
[2]	孙震, 雷立健, 刘鹏, 等. 大学生群体颈椎健康状况及影响因素分析[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2019, 40(4): 631-633. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2019.04.044 SUN Z, LEI L J, LIU P, et al. Analysis of cervical vertebra health status and influencing factors in college students[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2019, 40(4): 631-633. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2019.04.044
[3]	GUNAY S. The relationship between pain severity, kinesiophobia, and quality of life in patients with non-specific chronic neck pain[J]. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil, 2019, 32(5): 677-683. doi: 10.3233/BMR-171095
[4]	BLOMGREN J, STRANDELL E, JULL G, et al. Effects of deep cervical flexor training on impaired physiological functions associated with chronic neck pain: a systematic review[J]. BMC Musculoskelet Disord, 2018, 19(1): 415-432. doi: 10.1186/s12891-018-2324-z
[5]	PEEK K, ANDERSEN J, MCKAY M J, et al. The effect of the FIFA 11+with added neck exercises on maximal isometric neck strength and peak head impact magnitude during heading: a pilot study[J]. Sports Med, 2022, 52(3): 655-668. doi: 10.1007/s40279-021-01564-0
[6]	ELLIOTT J, HERON N, VERSTEEGH T, et al. Injury reduction programs for reducing the incidence of sport-related head and neck injuries including concussion: a systematic review[J]. Sports Med, 2021, 51(11): 2373-2388. doi: 10.1007/s40279-021-01501-1
[7]	苏文, 张保国, 郭胜男. 离心训练对肌肉力量、柔韧性及功能康复的影响[J]. 中华物理医学与康复杂志, 2016, 38(5): 394-396. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-1424.2016.05.019 SU W, ZHANG B G, GUO S N. Influence of eccentric training on muscle strength, flexibility and functional rehabilitation[J]. Chin J Physl Med Rehabil, 2016, 38(5): 394-396. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-1424.2016.05.019
[8]	徐铭康, 王庆甫, 张栋, 等. 青少年颈痛患者颈椎失稳特点与生活习惯的相关性分析[J]. 中国骨伤, 2018, 31(10): 916-921. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-0034.2018.10.008 XU M K, WANG Q F, ZHANG D, et al. Analysis of the relationship between living habit and cervical instability in adolescent patients with neck pain[J]. China J Orthop Trauma, 2018, 31(10): 916-921. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-0034.2018.10.008
[9]	苏江涛, 赵伟忠, 何颖强, 等. 某高校学生颈椎病致病因素病例对照研究[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2013, 34(12): 1470-1472. http://www.cjsh.org.cn/article/id/zgxxws201312022 SU J T, ZHAO W Z, HE Y Q, et al. Clinical features and prevention of university students' cervical spondylosis[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2013, 34(12): 1470-1472. http://www.cjsh.org.cn/article/id/zgxxws201312022
[10]	龙露, 王三荣, 虞乐华. 非特异性颈痛康复治疗进展[J]. 中国康复医学杂志, 2022, 37(1): 125-130. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1242.2022.01.025 LONG L, WANG S R, YU L H. Progress in rehabilitation of nonspecific neck pain[J]. Chin J Rehab Med, 2022, 37(1): 125-130. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1242.2022.01.025
[11]	张佳玮, 王刚, 李飞, 等. 慢性非特异性颈痛患者的临床评价[J]. 中国康复, 2016, 31(1): 72-73. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZLKF201601035.htm ZHANG J W, WANG G, LI F, et al. Clinical evaluation of patients with chronic nonspecific neck pain[J]. Chin J Rehab, 2016, 31(1): 72-73. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZLKF201601035.htm
[12]	张恩铭, 王安利, 李新建, 等. 女性慢性颈痛患者颈深肌肉形态特征及其与颈肩部姿势相关性研究[J]. 中国运动医学杂志, 2016, 35(9): 816-821. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YDYX201609006.htm ZHANG E M, WANG A L, LI J X, et al. Morphologic characteristics of deep cervical muscles in female patients with chronic neck pain and it's relationship to their neck and shoulder postures[J]. Chin J Sports Med, 2016, 35(9): 816-821. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YDYX201609006.htm
[13]	王颖, 辛随成, 张恩铭. 颈部肌力与慢性颈痛的关系[J]. 中国中医骨伤科杂志, 2016, 24(1): 68-70. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGZG201601022.htm WANG Y, XIN S C, ZHANG E M. Relationship between cervical muscle strength and chronic neck pain[J]. Chin J Trad Med Traum Orthop, 2016, 24(1): 68-70. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGZG201601022.htm
[14]	FALLA D, JULL G, RUSSELL T, et al. Effect of neck exercise on sitting posture in patients with chronic neck pain[J]. Phys Ther, 2007, 87(4): 408-417. doi: 10.2522/ptj.20060009
[15]	O'SULLIVAN K, MCAULIFFE S, DEBURCA N. The effects of eccentric training on lower limb flexibility: a systematic review[J]. Br J Sports Med, 2012, 46(12): 838-846. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2011-090835
[16]	ZHANG Q, LI Y, LI Y, et al. Monitoring of neck activity for early warning of cervical spondylosis[J]. Math Biosci Eng, 2022, 19(1): 792-811. doi: 10.3934/mbe.2022036
[17]	DRURY B, CLARKE H, MORAN J, et al. Eccentric resistance training in youth: a survey of perceptions and current practices by strength and conditioning coaches[J]. Funct Morphol Kinesiol, 2019, 4(4): 70-105. doi: 10.3390/jfmk4040070
[18]	LIN M J, NOSAKA K, HO C C, et al. Influence of maturation status on eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage and the repeated bout effect in females[J]. Front Physiol, 2018, 1(8): 1118.
[19]	史姗姗, 庞伟. 离心运动训练在康复治疗中的应用进展[J]. 中国康复理论与实践, 2018, 24(2): 173-178. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2018.02.011 SHI S S, PANG W. Application progress of eccentric exercise training in rehabilitation(review)[J]. Chin J Rehabil Theory Prac, 2018, 24(2): 173-178. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2018.02.011
[20]	潘海燕, 黄志刚, 孔丹莉, 等. 健康教育配合物理疗法对大学生颈椎病患者疗效与心理健康的影响[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2017, 38(8): 1245-1247. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2017.08.037 PAN H Y, HUANG Z G, KONG D L, et al. Effects of health education combined with physical therapy on the curative effect and mental health of college students with cervical spondylosis[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2017, 38(8): 1245-1247. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2017.08.037