深圳市2019年中学生健康素养水平及影响因素分析

蔡泽敏; 吴肖冰; 卢文龙; 刘鑫; 李艳艳; 熊静帆

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.08.008

深圳市2019年中学生健康素养水平及影响因素分析

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.08.008

蔡泽敏^{1, 2},
吴肖冰¹,
卢文龙¹,
刘鑫¹,
李艳艳¹,
熊静帆^1, ,

1.
广东省深圳市慢性病防治中心肥胖与代谢性疾病防控科，518000
2.
汕头大学医学院公共卫生与预防医学教研室

基金项目:

深圳市基础研究资助项目 KCXFZ20201221173400002

深圳市医疗卫生三名工程项目 SZSM201811093

详细信息

作者简介:
蔡泽敏(1994-)，女，广东汕头人，在读硕士，主要研究方向为慢性病流行病学

通讯作者:
熊静帆，E-mail：xiongjingfan@126.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: G478 G444 R179
计量
- 文章访问数: 647
- HTML全文浏览量: 266
- PDF下载量: 78
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-02-11
- 修回日期: 2022-05-02
- 网络出版日期: 2022-08-24
- 刊出日期: 2022-08-25

Analysis of health literacy and associated factors among middle school students in Shenzhen in 2019

1.
Department of Obesity and Metabolic Disease Prevention and Control, Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control of Guangdong Province, Shenzhen(518000), Guangdong Province, China

摘要

摘要: 目的了解深圳市中学生的健康素养水平及其影响因素，为进一步制定针对性的干预措施提供科学依据。方法于2019年10—12月，采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样法在深圳市10个区抽取7 423名中学生进行问卷调查，采用多因素线性回归分析影响健康素养及各维度得分的因素。结果被试学生健康素养总得分为(107.39±22.31)分，其中体力活动(16.81±5.28)分、人际关系(20.69±4.10)分、压力管理(21.64±5.53)分、精神成长(14.93±3.96)分、健康意识(15.61±4.96)分和营养(17.71±4.65)分。多因素线性回归分析显示，女生、普通高中和职业高中、非住校生与中学生健康素养呈负相关(B值分别为-3.04，-7.72，-9.99，-3.85)，父、母亲受教育程度高与中学生健康素养得分呈正相关(B值分别为1.56，2.78)(P值均 < 0.05)。结论深圳市中学生具有较高的健康素养水平，与学校类型、父母亲受教育程度等因素有关。建议进一步采取措施提高中学生的健康素养水平。
- 健康教育 /
- 回归分析 /
- 运动活动 /
- 精神卫生 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective To understand health literacy and its associated factors among middle school students in Shenzhen, to provide scientific basis for further formulating targeted intervention measures. Methods From October to December, 2019, 7 423 middle school students in 10 districts of Shenzhen were selected by multistage stratified random cluster sampling. Multivariate linear regression was used to analyze factors affecting health literacy and scores in each dimensions. Results The total score for health literacy was(107.39±22.31), including physical activity(16.81±5.28), interpersonal relationship(20.69±4.10), stress management(21.64±5.53), spiritual growth(14.93±3.96), health awareness (15.61±4.96) and nutrition(17.71±4.65). According to the multivariate linear regression analysis, girls, general and vocational high schools, educational level of parents and boarding in school were significantly associated with health literacy of middle school students(B=-3.04, -7.72, -9.99, 1.56, 2.78, -3.85, P < 0.05). Conclusion Middle school students in Shenzhen have a high level of health literacy, which is related to school type and parental educational background. It is suggested that measures should be taken to improve the health literacy of middle school students.
- Health education /
- Regression analysis /
- Motor activity /
- Mental health /
- Students
注释:

1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。

HTML全文

表 1 不同人口统计学特征青少年健康素养得分比较(x±s)

Table 1. Comparison of health literacy scores among adolescents with different demographic characteristics(x±s)

人口统计学指标	选项	人数	统计值	体力活动	人际关系	压力管理	精神成长	健康意识	营养	总分
性别	男	3 933		17.50±5.53	20.39±4.34	21.95±5.77	15.15±4.07	15.85±5.18	18.11±4.81	108.95±23.78
	女	3 490		16.03±4.88	21.02±3.79	21.29±5.23	14.69±3.83	15.35±4.68	17.25±4.42	105.63±20.38
			t值	12.19	-6.70	5.14	5.04	4.40	8.07	6.49
			P值	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01
年龄/岁	≤13	2 308		17.96±5.10	20.98±3.86	21.98±5.50	15.35±3.82	16.15±4.88	18.47±4.64	110.89±21.53
	>13	5 115		16.29±5.28	20.56±4.20	21.49±5.54	14.74±4.01	15.37±4.99	17.36±4.62	105.81±22.47
			t值	12.96	4.19	3.55	6.26	6.32	9.58	9.28
			P值	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01
学校类型	初中	2 663		18.16±5.15	20.95±3.90	22.04±5.49	15.34±3.82	16.17±4.83	18.54±4.61	111.20±21.63
	普高	3 629		16.20±5.19	20.69±4.07	21.56±5.47	14.83±3.97	15.52±4.99	17.47±4.51	106.27±22.05
	职高	1 131		15.58±5.22	20.08±4.58	20.96±5.77	14.28±4.18	14.60±4.99	16.51±4.83	102.01±23.20
			F值	146.94	17.71	16.14	30.69	41.28	87.58	77.91
			P值	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01
父亲受教育程度	高中及以下	5 212		16.62±5.12	20.57±4.08	21.49±5.42	14.75±3.93	15.45±4.83	17.49±4.57	106.38±21.83
	高中以上	2 211		17.25±5.62	20.97±4.15	22.00±5.77	15.35±4.02	16.00±5.24	18.21±4.81	109.78±23.22
			t值	-4.67	-3.87	-3.67	-5.93	-4.38	-6.07	-6.03
			P值	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01
母亲受教育程度	高中及以下	5 777		16.61±5.10	20.60±4.02	21.47±5.42	14.77±3.91	15.47±4.85	17.53±4.57	106.45±21.75
	高中以上	1 646		17.50±5.82	21.01±4.35	22.23±5.87	15.50±4.10	15.50±4.10	18.34±4.87	110.68±23.89
			t值	-6.06	-3.54	-4.89	-6.64	-4.58	-6.27	-6.81
			P值	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01
独生子女	是	2 132		16.92±5.48	20.63±4.26	21.62±5.67	14.97±4.02	15.69±5.05	17.86±4.68	107.70±22.94
	否	5 291		16.76±5.20	20.71±4.04	21.65±5.48	14.92±3.94	15.58±4.92	17.64±4.64	107.26±22.05
			t值	1.21	-0.77	-0.22	0.50	0.91	1.83	0.76
			P值	0.23	0.45	0.82	0.62	0.36	0.07	0.45
住校生	是	3 697		16.48±5.30	20.78±4.05	21.74±5.49	15.03±3.95	15.70±5.02	17.52±4.58	107.25±22.32
	否	3 726		17.13±5.24	20.60±4.15	21.54±5.57	14.83±3.98	15.53±4.90	17.89±4.71	107.53±22.30
			t值	-5.32	1.81	1.61	2.14	1.46	-3.45	-0.54
			P值	< 0.01	0.07	0.11	0.03	0.14	< 0.01	0.59
总体		7 423		16.81±5.28	20.69±4.10	21.64±5.53	14.93±3.96	15.61±4.96	17.71±4.65	107.39±22.31

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 中学生健康素养的多因素线性回归分析(n=7 423)

Table 2. Multiple linear regression analysis of health literacy and its dimensions among middle students(n=7 423)

常量与自变量	B值	标准误	β值	t值	P值
常量	117.52	1.80	-	5.47	< 0.01
性别
女	-3.04	0.51	-0.07	-5.95	< 0.01
学校类型
普高	-7.72	0.73	-0.17	-10.60	< 0.01
职高	-9.99	0.82	-0.16	-12.22	< 0.01
父亲受教育程度
高中以上	1.56	0.67	0.03	2.32	0.02
母亲受教育程度
高中以上	2.78	0.74	0.05	3.76	< 0.01
是否住校生
否	-3.85	0.67	-0.09	-5.79	< 0.01

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(18)

[1]	黄雪雪, 胡婕, 李丹琳, 等. 四城市中学生健康素养和不安全交通行为对非故意伤害的交互作用[J]. 卫生研究, 2022, 51(2): 202-209. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-WSYJ202202004.htm HUANG X X, HU J, LI D L, et al. Interaction of health literacy and unsafe traffic behaviors on unintentional injuries in middle school students in four cities[J]. J Hyg Res, 2022, 51(2): 202-209. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-WSYJ202202004.htm
[2]	DON N, JANE E L. Understanding and responding to health literacy as a social determinant of health[J]. Ann Rev Public Health, 2021, 42: 159-173. doi: 10.1146/annurev-publhealth-090419-102529
[3]	MARIA K C, DEMOSTHENES B P. Health literacy as a determinant of childhood and adult obesity: a systematic review[J]. Int J Adolesc Med Health, 2021, 33(3): 9-39. doi: 10.1515/ijamh-2020-0275
[4]	NESRIN Í, SAFIYE T, BETUL T, et al. Health literacy and diabetes self-care in individuals with type 2 diabetes in Turkey[J]. Prim Care Diabetes, 2021, 15(1): 74-79. doi: 10.1016/j.pcd.2020.06.009
[5]	SUNEERAT Y, CHATCHADA M, SAWAN T, et al. Relationship between health literacy in substance use and alcohol consumption and tobacco use among adolescents, northeast Thailand[J]. J Educ Health Promot, 2021, 10: 120-125.
[6]	TAYLA J D, PETER J K, LAURA D R, et al. Health literacy of people living with mental illness or substance use disorders: a systematic review[J]. Early Interv Psychiatry, 2021, 15(6): 1454-1469. doi: 10.1111/eip.13090
[7]	张诗晨, 万宇辉, 陶舒曼, 等. 中国青少年互动性健康素养问卷的信度和结构效度评价[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2014, 35(3): 332-336. http://www.cjsh.org.cn/article/id/zgxxws201403004 ZHANG S C, WAN Y H, TAO S M, et al. Reliability and construct validity of the Chinese adolescent interactive health literacy questionnaire[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2014, 35(3): 332-336. http://www.cjsh.org.cn/article/id/zgxxws201403004
[8]	中共深圳市委员会, 深圳市人民政府. 健康深圳行动计划(2017—2020年)[EB/OL]. (2017-09-15)[2022-05-02]. https://max.book118.com/html/2021/0204/7132045146003052.shtm. Shenzhen Committee of the Communist Party of China, People's Government of Shenzhen Municipality. Healthy Action Plan of Shenzhen(2017-2020)[EB/OL]. (2017-09-15)[2022-05-02]. https://max.book118.com/html/2021/0204/7132045146003052.shtm.
[9]	张乃兴. 基于学校和家庭环境的深圳市中小学师生健康素养研究[D]. 武汉: 华中科技大学, 2012. ZHANG N X. The effects of family and school environment on health literary of teachers and students of primary and secondary school, Shenzhen City, China[D]. Wuhan: Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 2012.
[10]	庄润森, 曹黎, 朱敏贞, 等. 深圳市中学生健康素养状况及影响因素调查[J]. 中国公共卫生, 2013, 29(1): 130-132. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGGW201301048.htm ZHUANG R S, CAO L, ZHU M Z, et al. Status of health literacy and its influencing factors among high school students in Shenzhen City[J]. Chin J Public Health, 2013, 29(1): 130-132. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGGW201301048.htm
[11]	杨伟康, 吴传安, 薛志强, 等. 深圳市龙华新区中学生健康素养获取途径影响因素调查[J]. 中国校医, 2015, 29(12): 887-891. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XIYI201512004.htm YANG W K, WU C A, XUE Z Q, et al. Survey of influencing factors of health literacy achieving approach of middle school students in Shenzhen City[J]. Chin J School Doctor, 2015, 29(12): 887-891. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XIYI201512004.htm
[12]	张诗晨, 杨蓉, 万宇辉, 等. 中国5省份中学生健康素养与伤害发生的关联分析[J]. 中华预防医学杂志, 2018, 52(8): 785-790. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-9624.2018.08.003 ZHANG S C, YANG R, WAN Y H, et al. Association of the health literacy and the incidence of injuries among Chinese middle school students in five provinces[J]. Chin J Prev Med, 2018, 52(8): 785-790. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-9624.2018.08.003
[13]	杨蓉, 李丹琳, 万宇辉, 等. 中国6个城市中学生健康素养与吸烟行为的关联分析[J]. 中华预防医学杂志, 2019, 53(12): 1265-1270. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-9624.2019.12.012 YANG R, LI D L, WAN Y H, et al. Association of health literacy and smoking behaviors among middle school students in six cities of China[J]. Chin J Prev Med, 2019, 53(12): 1265-1270. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-9624.2019.12.012
[14]	卫生部妇幼保健与社区卫生司. 首次居民健康素养调查报告[R/OL]. (2009-12-01)[2022-04-26]. http://www.docin.com/p-135759331.html. Department of Maternal and Child Health and Community Health. The first investigation report on health literacy of residents[R/OL]. (2009-12-01)[2022-04-26]. http://www.docin.com/p-135759331.html.
[15]	USA Department of Health and Human Services, Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. National action plan to improve health literacy[EB/OL]. (2020-07-24)[2022-04-27]. https://health.gov/our-work/health-literacy/national-action-plan-improve-health-literacy.
[16]	王勇, 韩长良. 社会资本与健康行为: 儿童青少年体力活动的家庭结构差异[J]. 丽水学院学报, 2021, 43(2): 44-50. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-3801.2021.02.008 WANG Y, HAN C L. Social capital and healthy behaviors: the impact of different family structures on children and adolescents' physical activities[J]. J Lish Univ, 2021, 43(2): 44-50. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-3801.2021.02.008
[17]	谢凤珠, 熊静帆, 刘鑫. 深圳市学龄儿童家长零食知识态度行为现况[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2021, 42(9): 1328-1331. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.09.012 XIE F Z, XIONG J F, LIU X. Knowledge, attitude and behavior among parents of school-aged children towards snack in Shenzhen[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2021, 42(9): 1328-1331. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.09.012
[18]	深圳市卫生健康委, 深圳市教育局. 关于实施健康校园行动计划的通知[A/OL]. (2019-06-05)[2022-05-01]. http://szeb.sz.gov.cn/home/xxgk/zdlyxxgkzl/ywjy/content/post_6756335.html. Shenzhen Municipal Commission of Health, Shenzhen Education Bureau. Notice on the implementation of the Healthy School Action Plan[A/OL]. (2019-06-05)[2022-05-01]. http://szeb.sz.gov.cn/home/xxgk/zdlyxxgkzl/ywjy/content/post_6756335.html.