母亲童年期不良经历与学龄前儿童母子关系的关联

黄永玲; 李若瑜; 方亮; 吴曙东; 何海燕; 彭春燕; 王心柱; 万宇辉

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.08.005

母亲童年期不良经历与学龄前儿童母子关系的关联

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.08.005

1.
安徽省妇女儿童保健中心儿童保健科，合肥 230061
2.
安徽医科大学公共卫生学院
3.
芜湖市妇幼保健院儿童保健科
4.
六安市妇幼保健院儿童保健科
5.
阜阳市妇幼保健院儿童保健科

基金项目:

安徽省自然科学基金优青项目 2208085Y23

国家自然科学基金项目 82073576

国家自然科学基金项目 81773453

详细信息

作者简介:
黄永玲(1980-)，女，安徽六安人，硕士，副主任医师，主要研究方向为儿童早期发展

通讯作者:
万宇辉，E-mail: wyhayd@163.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: G78 B844.2 R179
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-05-05
- 修回日期: 2022-06-11
- 网络出版日期: 2022-08-24
- 刊出日期: 2022-08-25

Association of maternal adverse childhood experiences and parent-child relationship in preschool children

1.
Child Healthcare Department, Anhui Women and Children Medical Care Center, Hefei(230061), China

摘要

摘要: 目的探讨母亲童年期不良经历(adverse childhood experiences, ACEs)对母子关系的影响，为提高亲子关系水平、促进儿童身心健康发展提供参考。方法采用分层整群抽样，于2021年6月选取安徽省3个地区36所幼儿园的3~6岁儿童为基线研究对象，于2021年12月收集随访资料，共6 111名儿童纳入研究。采用童年期不良经历问卷(ACEs-IQ)和儿童-家长关系量表(CPRS)分别评估母亲ACEs和母子关系，通过多元线性回归模型分析母亲ACEs与学龄前儿童母子关系的关联。结果母亲童年期性虐待、躯体忽视和同伴欺凌与母子亲密呈负相关(r值分别为-0.03，-0.03，-0.03)，母亲情感虐待、躯体虐待、性虐待、情感忽视、躯体忽视、同伴欺凌、社区暴力、家庭功能不全与母子依赖和母子冲突均呈正相关(r值分别为0.09，0.08，0.05，0.14，0.06，0.11，0.08，0.04;0.18，0.17，0.07，0.20，0.11，0.16，0.12，0.10)(P值均 < 0.01)。多元线性回归分析显示，母亲各种类型ACEs与男童亲密性母子关系关联均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)，有躯体虐待、性虐待和同伴欺凌史的母亲与女童亲密性母子关系关联有统计学意义(β值分别为-0.17，-0.62，-0.19，P值均 < 0.05);母亲各种类型ACEs对男女童冲突性母子关系均有正向预测作用(β=0.37~1.96，P值均 < 0.05);母亲童年期性虐待与男童依赖性母子关系呈正相关(β=0.53，P < 0.05)，与女童依赖性母子关系关联无统计学意义(P>0.05)，母亲其他类型ACEs对依赖性母子关系均有正向预测作用(β=0.09~0.41，P值均 < 0.05)。结论母亲ACEs与学龄前儿童不良母子关系有关，关注有ACEs的母亲对改善亲子关系、促进儿童健康发展具有重要意义。
- 生活变动事件 /
- 母亲 /
- 亲子关系 /
- 回归分析 /
- 儿童，学龄前
Abstract: Objective To explore the relationship of maternal adverse childhood experiences(ACEs) with mother-child relationship, so as to provide reference for parent-child relationship and child health promotion. Methods In June 2021, children aged 3-6 years old of 36 kindergartens in three areas in Anhui Province were selected by stratified cluster sampling method, follow-up data were collected in December 2021, and a total of 6 111 children were included in the study. Maternal ACEs and mother-child relationship were respectively assessed using the Adverse Childhood Experiences International Questionnaire(ACEs-IQ)and the Child-Parent Relationship Scale (CPRS). A multiple linear regression model was established to analyze the association of maternal ACEs and mother-child relationship in preschool children. Results History of maternal childhood sexual abuse, physical neglect and peer bullying were negatively associated with mother-child intimacy (r=-0.03, -0.03, -0.03, P < 0.05). Maternal emotional abuse, physical abuse, sexual abuse, emotional neglect, physical neglect, peer bullying, community violence, and total family dysfunction were positively associated with mother-child dependence and mother-child conflict (r=0.09, 0.08, 0.05, 0.14, 0.06, 0.11, 0.08, 0.04; 0.18, 0.17, 0.07, 0.20, 0.11, 0.16, 0.12, 0.10, P < 0.01). There was no statistically significant between all types of maternal ACEs and mother-child intimacy in boys(P>0.05). Mothers with a history of physical abuse, sexual abuse and peer bullying had a statistically significant relationship between mother-child intimacy in girls(β=-0.17, -0.62, -0.19, P < 0.05). All types of maternal ACEs were positive predictors of mother-child conflict between boys and girls(β=0.37-1.96, P < 0.05). There was statistical significance between maternal childhood sexual abuse and mother-child dependence of boys(β=0.53, P < 0.05), but no statistical significance between maternal childhood sexual abuse and mother-child dependence of girls(P>0.05). All other types of maternal ACEs were positive predictors of mother-child dependence(β=0.09-0.41, P < 0.05). Conclusion Maternal ACEs are associated with poor mother-child relationship among preschool children, and maternal ACEs should be actively followed, which is of great significance for improving the parent-child relationship and promoting child healthy development.
- Life change events /
- Mothers /
- Parent-child relations /
- Regression analysis /
- Child, preschool
注释:

1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。

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表 1 母亲不同类型童年期不良经历与母子关系得分的相关分析(r值，n=6 111)

Table 1. Correlation analysis on the different types of maternal ACEs and mother-child relationship scores(r, n=6 111)

变量	情感虐待	躯体虐待	性虐待	情感忽视	躯体忽视	同伴欺凌	社区暴力	家庭功能不全	亲密性	冲突性
躯体虐待	0.67^**
性虐待	0.31^**	0.32^**
情感忽视	0.35^**	0.32^**	0.15^**
躯体忽视	0.40^**	0.34^**	0.23^**	0.35^**
同伴欺凌	0.41^**	0.39^**	0.50^**	0.23^**	0.30^**
社区暴力	0.39^**	0.42^**	0.37^**	0.25^**	0.27^**	0.45^**
家庭功能不全	0.22^**	0.20^**	0.09^**	0.23^**	0.21^**	0.15^**	0.19^**
亲密性	-0.01	-0.02	-0.03^*	0.00	-0.03^*	-0.03^*	0.00	0.00
冲突性	0.18^**	0.17^**	0.07^**	0.20^**	0.11^**	0.16^**	0.12^**	0.10^**	0.03^*
依赖性	0.09^**	0.08^**	0.05^**	0.14^**	0.06^**	0.11^**	0.08^**	0.04^**	0.20^**	0.56^**
注： P < 0.05，*P < 0.01。

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表 2 母亲不同类型童年期不良经历与母子亲密性得分关联的多元线性回归分析[β值(β值95%CI)]

Table 2. Multiple linear regression analyses on different types on maternal ACEs and mother-child intimacy scores [β(β 95%CI)]

自变量	男(n=3 117)	女(n=2 994)	合计(n=6 111)
情感虐待	0.05(-0.12~0.22)	-0.12(-0.28~0.04)	-0.03(-0.15~0.08)
躯体虐待	0.03(-0.12~0.18)	-0.17(-0.32~-0.02)^*	-0.07(-0.18~0.04)
性虐待	-0.18(-0.61~0.25)	-0.62(-1.09~-0.15)^*	-0.37(-0.69~0.05)
情感忽视	0.01(-0.08~0.08)	0.02(-0.09~0.05)	-0.01(-0.06~0.05)
躯体忽视	-0.07(-0.17~0.04)	-0.04(-0.14~0.06)	-0.06(-0.13~0.02)
同伴欺凌	-0.01(-0.19~0.18)	-0.19(-0.37~-0.01)^*	-0.09(-0.22~0.04)
社区暴力	0.06(-0.13~0.25)	-0.07(-0.25~0.12)	0.01(-0.13~0.14)
家庭功能不全	0.01(-0.13~0.16)	0.01(-0.14~0.16)	0.01(-0.10~0.11)
注： *P < 0.05。

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表 3 母亲不同类型童年期不良经历与母子冲突性得分关联的多元线性回归分析[β值(β值95%CI)]

Table 3. Multiple linear regression analyses of different types of maternal ACEs and mother-child conflict scores [β(β 95%CI)]

自变量	男(n=3 117)	女(n=2 994)	合计(n=6 111)
情感虐待	1.60(1.30~1.89)^**	1.40(1.10~1.71)^**	1.50(1.29~1.72)^**
躯体虐待	1.50(1.24~1.77)^**	1.09(0.80~1.39)^**	1.31(1.12~1.51)^**
性虐待	1.96(1.19~2.73)^**	1.17(0.25~2.09)^*	1.64(1.05~2.23)^**
情感忽视	0.86(0.72~0.99)^**	0.77(0.63~0.91)^**	0.81(0.72~0.91)^**
躯体忽视	0.68(0.50~0.86)^**	0.37(0.17~0.56)^**	0.53(0.40~0.67)^**
同伴欺凌	1.50(1.17~1.82)^**	1.40(1.06~1.75)^**	1.46(1.22~1.70)^**
社区暴力	1.33(0.99~1.67)^**	1.08(0.72~1.44)^**	1.21(0.96~1.46)^**
家庭功能不全	0.85(0.59~1.11)^**	0.79(0.50~1.07)^**	0.82(0.63~1.01)^**
注： P < 0.05，*P < 0.01。

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表 4 母亲不同类型童年期不良经历与母子依赖性得分关联的多元线性回归分析[β值(β值95%CI)]

Table 4. Multiple linear regression analyses of different types of maternal ACEs and mother-child dependence scores [β(β 95%CI)]

自变量	男(n=3 117)	女(n=2 994)	合计(n=6 111)
情感虐待	0.35(0.24~0.46)^**	0.19(0.08~0.30)^**	0.27(0.19~0.35)^**
躯体虐待	0.29(0.19~0.39)^**	0.15(0.04~0.26)^**	0.23(0.15~0.30)^**
性虐待	0.53(0.25~0.82)^**	0.25(-0.08~0.58)	0.41(0.20~0.63)^**
情感忽视	0.21(0.16~0.26)^**	0.19(0.14~0.24)^**	0.20(0.16~0.24)^**
躯体忽视	0.11(0.05~0.18)^**	0.09(0.02~0.16)^*	0.10(0.05~0.15)^**
同伴欺凌	0.40(0.28~0.52)^**	0.30(0.18~0.43)^**	0.36(0.27~0.44)^**
社区暴力	0.33(0.21~0.46)^**	0.21(0.08~0.35)^**	0.28(0.19~0.37)^**
家庭功能不全	0.14(0.05~0.23)^**	0.12(0.01~0.22)^*	0.13(0.06~0.20)^**
注： P < 0.05，*P < 0.01。

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