母亲童年期不良经历及教养方式与学龄前儿童情绪行为问题的关联

荣璠; 李若瑜; 高畅; 黄永玲; 何海燕; 彭春燕; 王心柱; 万宇辉

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.08.004

母亲童年期不良经历及教养方式与学龄前儿童情绪行为问题的关联

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.08.004

1.
安徽医科大学公共卫生学院儿少卫生与妇幼保健学系/出生人口健康教育部重点实验室/人口健康与优生安徽省重点实验室，合肥 230032
2.
安徽医科大学第二临床医学院
3.
安徽省妇女儿童保健中心儿童保健科
4.
芜湖市妇幼保健院儿童保健科
5.
六安市妇幼保健院儿童保健科
6.
阜阳市妇幼保健院儿童保健科

基金项目:

安徽省自然科学基金优青项目 2208085Y23

国家自然科学基金项目 82073576

国家自然科学基金项目 81773453

详细信息

作者简介:
荣璠(1999-)，女，安徽六安人，在读硕士，主要研究方向为儿童心理行为问题

通讯作者:
万宇辉，E-mail: wyhayd@163.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: G78 B844.1 R179
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-05-05
- 修回日期: 2022-06-16
- 网络出版日期: 2022-08-24
- 刊出日期: 2022-08-25

Association of maternal adverse childhood experiences and parenting styles with emotional behavior problems in preschool children

1.
Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health/MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health across Life Cycle/Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei(230032), China

摘要

摘要: 目的探讨教养方式在母亲童年期不良经历(adverse childhood experiences, ACEs)与学龄前儿童情绪行为问题(emotional behavior problems, EBPs)关联中的作用，为儿童情绪行为问题防控提供参考。方法 2021年6月选取安徽省芜湖市、六安市和阜阳市36所幼儿园的3~6岁儿童为基线研究对象，于2021年12月收集随访资料，共6 111名儿童纳入研究。采用童年期不良经历问卷(ACEs-IQ)、父母教养方式问卷和中文版困难与长处问卷(SDQ)中的困难因子得分分别评估母亲ACEs、母亲教养方式和儿童EBPs，采用Bootstrap检验母亲教养方式的中介效应。结果母亲ACEs与儿童SDQ困难得分呈正相关(r=0.28, P < 0.01)。消极教养方式(溺爱性、放任性、专制性、不一致性)与母亲ACEs得分均呈正相关(r值分别为0.28，0.30，0.21，0.31)，与儿童SDQ困难得分均呈正相关(r值分别为0.25，0.20，0.20，0.28)(P值均 < 0.01);积极教养方式(民主性)与母亲ACEs和儿童SDQ困难得分均呈负相关(r值分别为-0.09，-0.29，P值均 < 0.01)。在控制混杂因素后，母亲教养方式(溺爱性、民主性、放任性、专制性、不一致性)在母亲ACEs与学龄前儿童EBPs中起中介作用，中介效应分别为19.13%，7.34%，24.88%，12.05%，26.83%。结论教养方式在母亲ACEs与学龄前儿童EBPs的关联中起中介作用，改善母亲消极教养方式对减少ACEs母亲子代EPBs有重要意义。
- 生活变动事件 /
- 母亲 /
- 教育 /
- 情绪 /
- 行为 /
- 儿童，学龄前
Abstract: Objective To explore the role of parenting style in the association of maternal adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and emotional behavior problems (EBPs) in preschool children, so as to provide a reference for the prevention and control of EBPs in children. Methods A total of 6 111 children aged 3-6 years old from 36 kindergartens in 3 areas of Anhui Province in June 2021, follow-up data were collected in December 2021. Maternal ACEs, mother-child relationship and children EBPs were respectively assessed using the Adverse Childhood Experiences International Questionnaire(ACEs-IQ), Parental Rearing Style Scale and the difficulty score factor in the Chinese Strength and Difficulty Questionnaire(SDQ). The Bootstrap was used to examine the mediation effect of maternal parenting styles. Results Maternal ACEs were positively associated with child SDQ difficulty scores(r=0.28, P < 0.01). Negative parenting (indulgent, permissive, authoritarian and inconsistent) were positively correlated with maternal ACEs scores(r=0.28, 0.30, 0.21, 0.31) and child SDQ difficulty scores(r=0.25, 0.20, 0.20, 0.28)(P < 0.01). Positive parenting (democracy) was negatively correlated with maternal ACEs and SDQ difficulty scores(r=-0.09, -0.29, P < 0.01). After adjusting for confounding factors, the results of the mediation effect test of Bootstraping procedure showed that maternal parenting styles (indulgent, democracy, permissive, authoritarian and inconsistent) played a mediation role in maternal ACEs and EBPs of preschool children, and the mediation effects were respectively 19.13%, 7.34%, 24.88%, 12.05% and 26.83%. Conclusion Parenting styles play a mediating role in the association of maternal ACEs and EBPs in preschool children, and improving mothers' negative parenting styles is of great significance to reduce EBPs in the offspring of maternal ACEs.
- Life change events /
- Mothers /
- Education /
- Emotions /
- Behavior /
- Child, preschool
注释:

1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。

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表 1 不同性别儿童SDQ困难、母亲童年期不良经历和教养方式得分比较(x±s)

Table 1. Comparison of SDQ difficulty scores, maternal ACEs and parenting styles scores of different gender children(x±s)

性别	人数	SDQ困难	母亲童年期不良经历	母亲教养方式
性别	人数	SDQ困难	母亲童年期不良经历	溺爱性	民主性	放任性	专制性	不一致性
男	3 117	9.12±3.85	2.29±1.73	8.97±2.38	38.65±6.42	14.73±4.08	17.85±4.57	10.75±3.69
女	2 994	8.70±3.88	2.30±1.68	9.14±2.57	38.89±6.48	14.60±4.00	18.08±4.46	10.78±3.68
t值		4.98	-0.13	-2.69	-1.46	1.32	-2.00	-0.37
P值		< 0.01	0.90	0.01	0.15	0.19	0.05	0.71
注： SDQ指困难与长处问卷。

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表 2 母亲童年期不良经历和教养方式与儿童SDQ困难得分的相关系数(r值, n=6 111)

Table 2. Correlations analysis of maternal ACEs, parenting styles and SDQ difficulty scores(r, n=6 111)

变量	母亲童年期不良经历	母亲教养方式
变量	母亲童年期不良经历	溺爱性	民主性	放任性	专制性	不一致性
溺爱性	0.28
民主性	-0.09	-0.11
放任性	0.30	0.43	-0.16
专制性	0.21	0.28	0.02	0.34
不一致性	0.31	0.39	-0.12	0.48	0.42
SDQ困难得分	0.28	0.25	-0.29	0.20	0.20	0.28
注： P值均 < 0.01;SDQ指困难与长处问卷。

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表 3 母亲教养方式在母亲童年期不良经历与学龄前儿童情绪行为问题关联中的中介效应值(n=6 111)

Table 3. Mediating effect of maternal parenting styles in the association between maternal ACEs and EBPs among preschool children(n=6 111)

模型	路径	母亲ACEs—教养方式	母亲教养方式—子代EBPs	中介效应	直接效应	中介效应比例/%
1	母亲ACEs—溺爱性—子代EBPs	0.32	0.42	0.08^**	0.34^**	19.72
	母亲ACEs—民主性—子代EBPs	-0.26	-0.14	0.04^**	0.38^**	8.68
	母亲ACEs—放任性—子代EBPs	0.57	0.18	0.10^**	0.31^**	24.92
	母亲ACEs—专制性—子代EBPs	0.45	0.12	0.05^**	0.37^**	12.78
	母亲ACEs—不一致性—子代EBPs	0.54	0.21	0.11^**	0.31^**	26.35
2	母亲ACEs—溺爱性—子代EBPs	0.32	0.25	0.08^**	0.33^**	19.13
	母亲ACEs—民主性—子代EBPs	-0.24	-0.13	0.03^**	0.38^**	7.34
	母亲ACEs—放任性—子代EBPs	0.57	0.18	0.10^**	0.31^**	24.88
	母亲ACEs—专制性—子代EBPs	0.44	0.11	0.05^**	0.36^**	12.05
	母亲ACEs—不一致性—子代EBPs	0.54	0.20	0.11^**	0.30^**	26.83
注：模型1为单因素分析; 模型2调整了儿童性别、年龄、父母年龄、是否早产、是否独生子女、出生时体重、母乳喂养时间、父母文化水平、家庭结构; **P < 0.01;ACEs指童年期不良经历，EBPs指情绪行为问题。

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