学龄前儿童身体活动和视屏时间与超重肥胖的关联

施宏波; 岳芷涵; 梁滨; 吕瑾莨; 王海俊

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.07.032

学龄前儿童身体活动和视屏时间与超重肥胖的关联

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.07.032

施宏波^{1, 2},
岳芷涵¹,
梁滨³,
吕瑾莨¹,
王海俊^1, ,

1.
北京大学公共卫生学院妇幼卫生学系，北京，100191
2.
北京市朝阳区王四营社区卫生服务中心保健科
3.
上海薄荷健康科技股份有限公司

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 81973053

详细信息

作者简介:
施宏波(1991-)，男，河北怀来人，硕士，主管医师，主要研究方向为儿少卫生与妇幼保健学

通讯作者:
王海俊，E-mail：whjun1@bjmu.edu.cn

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R723.14 G806 R179
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-01-21
- 修回日期: 2022-05-25
- 网络出版日期: 2022-07-27
- 刊出日期: 2022-07-25

Association of physical activity and screen time with overweight and obesity in preschool children

1.
Department of Maternal & Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing (100191), China

摘要

摘要: 目的分析学龄前儿童身体活动和视屏时间与超重肥胖的关联，为学龄前儿童超重肥胖的预防和控制提供依据。方法采用病例对照研究设计，选取北京市朝阳区某社区4所幼儿园109名超重肥胖儿童作为病例组，在同样的幼儿园内选择体重正常的117名儿童作为对照组，对照组与病例组的年龄和性别频数匹配。用单因素分析比较两组人口学、身体活动时间、视屏时间、睡眠、饮食等特征，采用Logistic回归在调整协变量的情况下分析学龄前儿童身体活动和视屏时间与超重肥胖的关联。结果在调整年龄、性别、平均每日睡眠时间、儿童睡眠习惯问卷(CSHQ)总评分、中国学龄前儿童平衡膳食指数(DBI-C)正端分等因素后，每日身体活动时间 < 3 h的儿童与身体活动时间≥3 h的儿童相比超重肥胖风险增加1.55倍(OR=2.55，95%CI=1.16~5.64，P=0.02)，儿童每日视屏时间每增加一个四分位数超重肥胖风险增加1.44倍(OR=2.44，95%CI=1.69~3.52，P < 0.01)。结论学龄前儿童身体活动时间不足和视屏时间较长都与超重肥胖相关。应采取综合干预措施有效增加身体活动时间并且减少儿童的视屏行为，降低学龄前儿童超重肥胖的发生率。
- 运动活动 /
- 注视，眼 /
- 超重 /
- 肥胖症 /
- 回归分析 /
- 儿童，学龄前
Abstract: Objective To analyze the association between physical activity and screen time with overweight and obesity in preschool children, and to provide evidence for childhood obesity prevention and control. Methods Using a case-control study design, 109 overweight or obese children (the case group) were recruited from four kindergartens from a community of Chaoyang District, Beijing, and 117 children with normal weight in the same kindergarten (the control group) were recruited as control. Gender and age were matched between the case and the control group. Univariate analysis was used to compare the demographics, physical activity time, screen time, sleep and diet characteristics between the two groups. Logistic regression was used to analyze the association of physical activity and screen time with overweight and obesity in preschool children with adjustment for covariates. Results After adjusting for age, gender, average daily sleep time, the total score of Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ), Chinese diet balance index for preschool children (DBI-C), children with < 3 h of daily physical activity had an increased risk of overweight and obesity compared with those with ≥3 h of physical activity (OR=2.55, 95%CI=1.16-5.64, P=0.02), and the risk of overweight and obesity increased with each additional quartile of daily screen time in children (OR=2.44, 95%CI=1.69-3.52, P < 0.01). Conclusion Insufficient physical activity and excessive screen time are independent risk factors of overweight and obesity in preschool children. Comprehensive intervention measures should be taken to effectively increase physical activity and reduce screen time for overweight and obesity prevention and control in preschool children.
- Motor activity /
- Fixation, ocular /
- Overweight /
- Obesity /
- Regression analysis /
- Child, preschool
注释:

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表 1 学龄前儿童超重肥胖组与非超重肥胖组之间的单因素分析

Table 1. Univariate analysis of overweight and obesity in preschool children

组别	人数	年龄/岁		性别		民族			母亲产次				是否早产		分娩方式		6个月内纯母乳喂养
组别	人数	2~3	4~6	男	女	汉族	少数民族		1	2	3		是	否	顺产	剖宫产	是	否
对照组	117	50(42.7)	67(57.3)	65(55.6)	52(44.4)	102(87.2)	15(12.8)		83(70.9)	33(28.2)	1(0.9)		14(12.0)	103(88.0)	59(50.4)	58(49.6)	110(94.0)	7(6.0)
病例组	109	47(43.1)	62(56.9)	61(56.0)	48(44.0)	102(93.6)	7(6.4)		61(56.0)	46(42.2)	2(1.8)		21(19.3)	88(80.7)	42(38.5)	67(61.5)	106(97.2)	3(2.8)
χ²值		0.00		0.00		2.63			5.56				2.30		3.23		1.39
P值		0.95		0.95		0.11			0.06				0.13		0.07		0.24

组别	人数	平均每日身体活动时间/h		平均每日MVPA时间/h		平均每日视屏时间/h					平均每日睡眠时间/h		CSHQ总评分		DBI-C正端分		DBI-C膳食质量距/分
组别	人数	≥3	＜3	≥1	＜1	≤0.4	> 0.4~0.7	> 0.7~0.9	＞0.9		≥11	＜11	＞40	≤40	摄入过量	较适宜	膳食失衡	较适宜
对照组	117	49(41.9)	68(58.1)	116(99.1)	1(0.9)	24(20.5)	31(26.5)	32(27.4)	30(25.6)		93(79.5)	24(20.5)	55(47.0)	62(53.0)	34(29.1)	83(70.9)	60(51.3)	57(48.7)
病例组	109	24(22.0)	85(78.0)	106(97.2)	3(2.8)	7(6.4)	6(5.5)	24(22.0)	72(66.1)		50(45.9)	59(54.1)	96(88.1)	13(11.9)	79(72.5)	30(27.5)	64(59.6)	45(40.4)
χ²值		10.18		1.17		44.40					27.44		42.92		42.55		1.59
P值		＜0.01		0.28		＜0.01					＜0.01		＜0.01		＜0.01		0.21
注： ()内数字为构成比/%。

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