新冠肺炎疫情封闭管理期间大学生心理健康状况及影响因素分析

闫春梅; 毛婷; 李日成; 王建凯; 陈亚荣

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.07.024

新冠肺炎疫情封闭管理期间大学生心理健康状况及影响因素分析

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.07.024

1.
兰州交通大学医院妇产科，甘肃 730000
2.
兰州交通大学医院内科
3.
甘肃省人民医院放疗科
4.
兰州大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学研究所

基金项目:

甘肃省科技计划项目 21JR1RA197

详细信息

作者简介:
闫春梅(1971-)，女，甘肃民勤人，硕士，副主任医师，主要研究方向为妇女保健

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: G444 B844.2 G647.8
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-02-16
- 修回日期: 2022-04-07
- 网络出版日期: 2022-07-27
- 刊出日期: 2022-07-25

Mental health and its associated factors in college students during COVID-19 confinement in campus

1.
Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Hospital of Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou(730000), China

摘要

摘要: 目的了解新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)局部暴发期间封闭式管理下大学生心理健康状况及其影响因素，为疫情应急状态下大学生心理健康教育提供科学依据。方法于2021年10月18日至11月18日，采用一般情况调查表、抑郁症状群量表、广泛性焦虑量表对1 816名实行封闭式管理的兰州某高校在读大学生进行调查，运用有序多分类Logistic回归方法进行统计分析。结果大学生抑郁的发生率是38.76%，其中轻度抑郁和中重度抑郁发生率分别为31.33%和7.43%；焦虑的发生率为16.36%，其中轻度焦虑和中重度焦虑发生率分别为13.33%和3.03%。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示，贫困生(OR=1.29)、作息情况(基本规律OR=0.33、规律OR=0.18)、网络教学适应度(一般适应OR=0.45、很适应OR=0.25)、担心自己及家人感染(有些担心OR=1.73、非常担心OR=2.09)、男生(OR=0.78)、隔离方式(OR=1.70)等6个因素是大学生抑郁状况的影响因素(P值均 < 0.05)；听音乐情况(有时OR=0.44、经常OR=0.41)、作息情况(基本规律OR=0.36、规律OR=0.19)、网络教学适应度(一般适应OR=0.42、很适应OR=0.28)、担心自己及家人感染(有些担心OR=1.87、非常担心OR=3.27)等4个因素是大学生焦虑状况的影响因素(P值均 < 0.05)。结论新冠肺炎局部暴发校园封闭式管理和集中隔离医学观察期间，大学生抑郁和焦虑状况检出率高，高校和有关部门应及时采取精准措施进行心理疏导。
- 精神卫生 /
- 抑郁 /
- 焦虑 /
- 回归分析 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective To investigate mental health and its associated factors in college students during COVID-19 confinement in campus, and to provide a scientific basis for mental health education. Methods A general questionnaire, the Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9) and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder- 7 (GAD-7) were administered. A total of 1 816 college students under COVID-19 confinement in campus in Lanzhou City were surveyed from October 18 to November 18, 2021. Data were analyzed by using the ordinal Logistic regression method. Results The overall incidence of depressive emotions was 38.76%, and the incidences of mild, moderate to severe depression emotions were 31.33% and 7.43%, respectively. About 16.36% of students showed anxiety, with mild, moderate to severe anxiety being 13.33% and 3.03%, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that poverty(OR=1.29), daily schedule (basically normal OR=0.33, normal OR=0.18), adaptability of online learning (moderate adaptation OR=0.45, high level of adaptation OR=0.25), concerns about the infection of oneself and family members (some concerns OR=1.73, considerable concerns OR=2.09), male(OR=0.78), and the isolation mode(OR=1.70). The music listening (sometimes OR=0.44, often OR=0.41), daily schedule (basically normal OR=0.36, normal OR=0.19), adaptability of online learning (moderate adaptation OR=0.42, high level of adaptation OR=0.28), and concerns about the infection of oneself and family members (some concerns OR=1.87, considerable concerns OR=3.27) were primary factors associated with high level of anxiety among college students(P < 0.05). Conclusion The incidence of depression and anxiety among college students increased following COVID-19 confinement and centralized isolation for medical observation in campus. Universities and relevant departments should take timely and precise measures for psychological counseling.
- Mental health /
- Depression /
- Anxiety /
- Regression analysis /
- Students
注释:

1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。

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表 1 新冠肺炎疫情封闭管理期间不同组别大学生抑郁状况检出率比较

Table 1. Comparison of depression among college students during the period of closed management of the COVID-19 epidemic

组别	人数	轻	中重度	H值	P值
性别
男	1 036	302(29.15)	73(7.05)	6.28	0.01
女	780	267(34.23)	62(7.95)
年级
本科生	203	67(33.00)	22(10.84)	3.63	0.16
硕士生	1 511	470(31.11)	108(7.15)
博士生	102	32(31.37)	5(4.90)
是否贫困生
是	524	189(36.07)	53(10.11)	18.71	< 0.01
否	1 292	380(29.41)	82(6.35)
是否独生子女
是	672	184(27.38)	49(7.29)	6.37	0.01
否	1 144	385(33.65)	86(7.52)
隔离方式
集中医学隔离	294	118(40.14)	26(8.84)	14.29	< 0.01
未隔离	1 522	451(29.63)	109(7.16)
听音乐情况
从不	82	24(29.27)	19(23.17)	12.41	< 0.01
有时	782	258(32.99)	47(6.01)
经常	952	287(30.15)	69(7.25)
体育锻炼情况
不锻炼	281	100(35.59)	45(16.01)	34.73	< 0.01
有时	1 207	382(31.65)	73(6.05)
经常	328	87(26.52)	17(5.18)
作息情况
不规律	243	108(44.44)	57(23.46)	154.75	< 0.01
基本规律	1 240	400(32.26)	69(5.56)
规律	333	61(18.32)	9(2.70)
网络教学适应度
不适应	102	33(32.35)	31(30.39)	95.48	< 0.01
一般适应	889	339(38.13)	68(7.65)
很适应	825	197(23.88)	36(4.36)
新冠肺炎认知度
不了解	19	3(15.79)	6(31.58)	27.65	< 0.01
一般了解	943	341(36.16)	77(8.17)
非常了解	854	225(26.35)	52(6.09)
担心自己和家人感染
不担心	664	152(22.89)	35(5.27)	51.39	< 0.01
有些担心	895	324(36.20)	68(7.60)
非常担心	257	93(36.19)	32(12.45)
注： ()内数字为检出率/%。

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表 2 大学生抑郁状况相关因素Logistic回归分析(n=1 816)

Table 2. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis of influencing depressive symptoms(n=1 816)

自变量	β值	标准误	Wald χ²值	P值	OR值(OR值95%CI)
是否贫困生
是	0.25	0.11	4.98	0.03	1.29(1.03~1.61)
是否独生子女
是	0.01	0.11	0.00	0.97	1.01(0.81~1.25)
体育锻炼情况
经常	-0.26	0.19	1.97	0.16	0.77(0.54~1.11)
有时	-0.24	0.14	2.78	0.10	0.79(0.60~1.04)
听音乐情况
经常	-0.33	0.25	1.73	0.19	0.72(0.44~1.18)
有时	-0.49	0.25	3.79	0.05	0.61(0.37~1.00)
作息情况
规律	-1.73	0.20	73.19	< 0.01	0.18(0.12~0.26)
基本规律	-1.10	0.15	55.26	< 0.01	0.33(0.25~0.44)
网络教学适应度
很适应	-1.39	0.23	38.04	< 0.01	0.25(0.16~0.39)
一般适应	-0.81	0.22	13.56	< 0.01	0.45(0.29~0.69)
新冠肺炎认知度
非常了解	-0.37	0.53	0.50	0.48	0.69(0.25~1.94)
一般了解	-0.24	0.53	0.20	0.65	0.79(0.28~2.22)
担心自己和家人感染
非常担心	0.74	0.16	21.70	< 0.01	2.09(1.53~2.85)
有些担心	0.55	0.12	22.22	< 0.01	1.73(1.38~2.17)
性别
男	-0.25	0.11	5.40	0.02	0.78(0.64~0.96)
隔离方式
未隔离	-0.35	0.13	7.16	0.01	0.70(0.54~0.91)

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表 3 新冠肺炎疫情封闭管理期间不同组别大学生焦虑状况检出率比较

Table 3. Distribution of anxiety among college students during the period of closed management of the COVID-19 epidemic

组别	人数	轻度	中重度	H值	P值
性别
男	1 036	140(13.51)	30(2.90)	< 0.01	0.97
女	780	102(13.08)	25(3.21)
年级
本科生	203	35(17.24)	6(2.96)	2.46	0.29
硕士生	1 511	193(12.77)	48(3.18)
博士生	102	14(13.73)	1(0.98)
是否贫困生
是	524	86(16.41)	24(4.58)	12.09	< 0.01
否	1 292	156(12.07)	31(2.40)
是否独生子女
是	672	84(12.50)	16(2.38)	1.83	0.18
否	1 144	158(13.81)	39(3.41)
隔离方式
集中医学隔离	294	40(13.61)	10(3.40)	0.12	0.73
未隔离	1 522	202(13.27)	45(2.96)
听音乐情况
从不	82	19(23.17)	10(12.20)	26.83	< 0.01
有时	782	111(14.19)	21(2.69)
经常	952	112(11.76)	24(2.52)
体育锻炼情况
不锻炼	281	52(18.51)	19(6.76)	20.70	< 0.01
有时	1 207	148(12.26)	29(2.40)
经常	328	42(12.80)	7(2.13)
作息情况
不规律	243	62(25.51)	28(11.52)	103.32	< 0.01
基本规律	1 240	159(12.82)	23(1.85)
规律	1 816	242(13.33)	55(3.03)
网络教学适应度
不适应	102	25(24.51)	15(14.71)	63.40	< 0.01
一般适应	889	141(15.86)	25(2.81)
很适应	825	76(9.21)	15(1.82)
新冠肺炎认知度
不了解	19	5(26.32)	1(5.26)	20.23	< 0.01
一般了解	943	150(15.91)	35(3.71)
非常了解	854	87(10.19)	19(2.22)
担心自己和家人感染
不担心	664	52(7.83)	13(1.96)	52.33	< 0.01
有些担心	895	129(14.41)	28(3.13)
非常担心	257	61(23.74)	14(5.45)
注： ()内数字为检出率/%。

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表 4 影响大学生焦虑状况的多因素Logistic回归分析(n=1 816)

Table 4. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis of influencing anxiety symptoms(n=1 816)

自变量	β值	标准误	Wald χ²值	P值	OR值(OR值95%CI)
体育锻炼情况
经常	0.17	0.24	0.49	0.49	1.18(0.74~1.88)
有时	-0.10	0.18	0.28	0.60	0.91(0.63~1.30)
听音乐情况
经常	-0.90	0.28	10.24	< 0.01	0.41(0.24~0.71)
有时	-0.82	0.28	8.49	< 0.01	0.44(0.25~0.76)
作息情况
规律	-1.67	0.27	38.04	< 0.01	0.19(0.11~0.32)
基本规律	-1.03	0.17	36.93	< 0.01	0.36(0.26~0.50)
是否贫困生
是	0.16	0.11	1.26	0.13	1.17(0.95~1.45)
网络教学适应度
很适应	-1.26	0.25	25.80	< 0.01	0.28(0.17~0.46)
一般适应	-0.87	0.24	13.14	< 0.01	0.42(0.26~0.67)
新冠肺炎认知度
非常了解	-0.23	0.57	0.16	0.69	0.80(0.26~2.45)
一般了解	0.10	0.57	0.03	0.86	1.11(0.36~3.39)
担心自己和家人感染
非常担心	1.19	0.20	35.36	< 0.01	3.27(2.21~4.83)
有些担心	0.62	0.17	14.24	< 0.01	1.87(1.35~2.58)

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