高中生饮酒知信行与酒精使用障碍的关联

钱蕾; 唐传喜; 吴金贵; 李夏; 夏庆华

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.07.015

高中生饮酒知信行与酒精使用障碍的关联

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.07.015

1.
上海市长宁区疾病预防控制中心公共卫生监测科，200051
2.
上海中医药大学中医内科

基金项目:

2019年长宁区卫生健康委员会科研项目 20194Y020

详细信息

作者简介:
钱蕾(1989-)，女，上海市人，硕士，主治医师，主要从事慢性病防治工作

通讯作者:
夏庆华，E-mail：xiaqh56@126.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: G637.8 R179 R193
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-02-24
- 修回日期: 2022-05-05
- 网络出版日期: 2022-07-27
- 刊出日期: 2022-07-25

Association between alcohol-related knowledge, attitude, practice and alcohol use disorder among high school students

1.
Department of Public Health Monitoring, Changning District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai(200051), China

摘要

摘要: 目的分析高中生饮酒知信行与酒精使用障碍之间的关联，为高中生饮酒干预提供参考依据。方法采用分层整群抽样方法，抽取上海市长宁区4所高中的811名高中生进行饮酒相关知信行以及酒精使用障碍情况的问卷调查，采用SPSS 20.0软件进行统计学分析。结果高中生轻度酒精使用障碍有279名(34.4%)，重度酒精使用障碍有29名(3.6%)。高中生饮酒相关知识平均分为(9.56±3.55)分，态度(4.96±2.36)分，行为(2.81±1.29)分。高中生饮酒知识、态度和行为和酒精使用障碍得分之间均呈负相关(r值分别为-0.10，-0.39，-0.71，P值均 < 0.01)。多分类Logistic回归结果提示，饮酒知信行总分(OR=0.86，95%CI=0.83~0.89)和家庭经济水平(高经济水平：OR=2.05，95%CI=1.26~3.32)与轻度酒精使用障碍呈正相关，饮酒知信行总分(OR=0.76，95%CI=0.70~0.83)和学校类别(OR=3.72，95%CI=1.51~9.18)与重度酒精使用障碍均呈正相关(P值均 < 0.05)。结论高中生低饮酒知信行与酒精使用障碍存在相关性，应加强高中生饮酒相关健康教育，职业高中以及高家庭经济水平学生为重点干预对象。
- 饮酒 /
- 健康知识，态度，实践 /
- 酒精相关性障碍 /
- 回归分析 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective To analyze the relationship between alcohol-related knowledge, attitude, practice and alcohol use disorder among high school students, and to provide reference for alcohol abuse intervention. Methods The study adopted stratified cluster sampling. A total of 811 high school students from 4 high schools in Changning District were selected to conduct a questionnaire survey on alcohol-related knowledge, attitude, practice and alcohol dependence. The software SPSS 20.0 was used for statistical analysis. Results There were 279 (34.4%) high school students with mild alcohol use disorder and 29 (3.6%) with severe alcohol use disorder. The average score of high school students' alcohol-related knowledge, attitude, practice scores were (9.56±3.55) (4.96±2.36) and (2.81±1.29), respectively. High school students' alcohol-related knowledge, attitude, practice were negatively correlated with alcohol use disorder score (r=-0.10, -0.39, -0.71, P < 0.01). Multivariate Logistic regression indicated that the total score of alcohol-related KAP (OR=0.86, 95%CI=0.83-0.89) and the family economic level (high level: OR=2.05, 95%CI=1.26-3.32) were positively associated with mild alcohol use disorder. The total score of alcohol-related KAP (OR=0.76, 95%CI=0.70-0.83) and school type (OR=3.72, 95%CI=1.51-9.18) were positively associated with severe alcohol use disorder (P < 0.05). Conclusion There is a correlation between low alcohol-related KAP and alcohol use disorder, alcohol-related health education should be strengthened, especially among vocational school students and students from high family economic level.
- Alcohol drinking /
- Health knowledge, attitudes, practice /
- Alcohol-related disorders /
- Regression analysis /
- Students
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1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。

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表 1 不同酒精使用障碍评分高中生饮酒相关知识知晓率比较

Table 1. Comparison of awareness rates of alcohol-related knowledge among high school students with different alcohol use disorder scores

AUDIT评分	人数	经常饮酒会对中学生健康造成伤害	认为“低档酒才会伤害身体，高档酒不会”错误	认为“口渴时可以饮啤酒代替水”	认为“酒没有能量，不担心增加体重”	15岁以前饮酒更容易上瘾	一次性大量饮酒可能会烦躁不安	一次性大量饮酒可能会体温下降	一次性大量饮酒可能会大小便失禁
0	503	494(98.21)	465(92.45)	476(94.63)	456(90.66)	254(50.50)	356(70.78)	170(33.80)	178(35.39)
1~7	279	265(94.98)	255(91.40)	247(88.53)	255(91.40)	122(43.73)	188(67.38)	89(31.90)	87(31.18)
≥8	29	24(82.76)	26(89.66)	21(72.41)	22(75.86)	10(34.48)	15(51.72)	5(17.24)	6(20.69)
χ_趋势²值		17.97	0.48	21.01	1.41	5.32	3.73	2.04	3.26
P值		< 0.01	0.49	< 0.01	0.24	0.02	0.05	0.15	0.07

AUDIT评分	人数	一次性大量饮酒可能会昏迷休克	一次性大量饮酒可能会死亡	长期大量饮酒可导致脂肪肝	长期大量饮酒可导致胃溃疡	长期大量饮酒可导致大脑萎缩	长期大量饮酒可导致健忘症		长期大量饮酒可导致酒精成瘾
0	503	343(68.19)	240(47.71)	345(68.59)	318(63.22)	183(36.38)	208(41.35)		428(85.09)
1~7	279	196(70.25)	125(44.80)	166(59.50)	181(64.87)	105(37.63)	100(35.84)		238(85.30)
≥8	29	12(41.38)	12(41.38)	13(44.83)	18(62.07)	8(27.59)	10(34.48)		18(62.07)
χ_趋势²值		1.44	0.92	11.35	0.08	0.07	2.42		3.10
P值		0.23	0.34	< 0.01	0.78	0.80	0.12		0.08
注： ()内数字为知晓率/%。

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表 2 不同酒精使用障碍评分高中生饮酒相关态度持有率比较

Table 2. Comparison of alcohol-related attitude holding rates among high school students with different alcohol use disorder scores

AUDIT评分	人数	反对“朋友聚会饮酒，不喝不合群”	反对“朋友聚会饮酒，拒绝别人倒酒不礼貌”	反对“朋友聚会饮酒，不喝不够朋友”	反对“饮酒的年轻人能交更多朋友”	反对“饮酒的年轻人更有魅力”	支持国家应该禁止向未成年人售酒	最好的朋友让你喝酒也肯定不喝	朋友聚会时最好都不喝酒
0	503	367(72.96)	329(65.41)	424(84.29)	424(84.29)	433(86.08)	396(78.73)	238(47.32)	217(43.14)
1~7	279	164(58.78)	136(48.75)	208(74.55)	201(72.04)	225(80.65)	161(57.71)	15(5.38)	24(8.60)
≥8	29	7(24.14)	8(27.59)	9(31.03)	10(34.48)	12(41.38)	12(41.38)	1(3.45)	1(3.45)
χ_趋势²值		36.41	31.98	38.51	42.36	23.59	49.51	142.78	104.02
P值		< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01
注： ()内数字为持有率/%。

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表 3 不同酒精使用障碍评分高中生饮酒相关行为报告率比较

Table 3. Comparison of reported rates of alcohol-related practice among high school students with different alcohol use disorder scores

AUDIT评分	人数	未曾替别人买过酒	逢年过节，没人主动建议喝酒	聚会时朋友给倒酒的反应为坚决不喝	最近春节，没喝过酒
0	503	407(80.91)	440(87.48)	428(85.09)	498(99.01)
1~7	279	152(54.48)	152(54.48)	48(17.20)	135(48.39)
≥8	29	5(17.24)	8(27.59)	3(10.34)	5(17.24)
χ_趋势²值		96.85	134.59	340.83	336.77
P值		< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01
注： ()内数字为报告率/%。

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表 4 高中生饮酒知信行得分与酒精使用障碍的关系(x±s)

Table 4. The relationship between high school students' drinking knowledge, belief and behavior scores and alcohol use disorder(x±s)

AUDIT评分	人数	知识	态度	行为
0	503	9.77±3.60	5.62±2.22	3.52±0.73
1~7	279	9.39±3.34	4.06±2.09	1.75±1.15
≥8	29	7.59±4.14	2.07±2.07	0.72±0.88
F值		5.75	72.88	430.59
P值		< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01

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表 5 高中生酒精使用障碍程度的多分类Logistic回归分析(n=811)

Table 5. Multiclass Logistic regression analysis of alcohol use disorder degree among high school students(n=811)

常量与自变量	选项	轻度					重度
常量与自变量	选项	β值	标准误	Wald χ²值	P值	OR值(OR值95%CI)	β值	标准误	Wald χ²值	P值	OR值(OR值95%CI)
常量		1.61	0.36	20.44	< 0.01	-	0.46	0.75	0.37	0.54
饮酒知信行总分		-0.15	0.02	75.11	< 0.01	0.86(0.83~0.89)	-0.27	0.04	43.54	< 0.01	0.76(0.70~0.83)
学校类别	职业高中	0.01	0.20	0.01	0.94	1.01(0.69~1.50)	1.31	0.46	8.13	< 0.01	3.72(1.51~9.18)
家庭经济水平	高	0.72	0.25	8.35	< 0.01	2.05(1.26~3.32)	0.56	0.57	0.97	0.32	1.76(0.57~5.37)
	中	0.28	0.22	1.66	0.20	1.33(0.86~2.04)	0.05	0.50	0.01	0.92	1.05(0.39~2.82)

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