土家族聚居区儿童青少年视力不良状况

徐素华; 孙贵龙; 武鹏; 宋忠良; 郑涛; 季鸿静; 刘文龙

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.06.031

土家族聚居区儿童青少年视力不良状况

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.06.031

1.
武汉工程大学体育部, 湖北 430205
2.
中南民族大学体育学院

基金项目:

湖北省高校省级教学研究项目 2021196

详细信息

作者简介:
徐素华(1973-)，男，湖北荆州人，硕士，副教授，主要研究方向为体质健康与健康促进

通讯作者:
孙贵龙，E-mail：2016022@mail.scuec.edu.cn

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R778.1 R179
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-12-13
- 修回日期: 2022-01-30
- 网络出版日期: 2022-06-23
- 刊出日期: 2022-06-25

Low vision among children and adolescents in Tujia inhabited areas

1.
Sports Department of Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan (430205), China

摘要

摘要: 目的了解土家族聚居区土家族和汉族儿童青少年视力不良状况，为少数民族地区儿童青少年近视防控提供参考。方法对湖北省恩施土家族苗族自治州利川市2所小学的土家族和汉族共3 437名7~12岁小学生进行整群抽样，检测视力状况，并采用χ²检验和多因素Logistic回归分析土家族与汉族学生视力不良情况及其影响因素。结果土家族聚居区儿童青少年总体视力不良检出率为44.9%，个体的左右眼视力不良程度存在差异，且不同民族、性别、年级和体质量指数(BMI)的学生筛查性视力不良检出率不同，差异均有统计学意义(左眼：χ²值分别为22.10，18.43，19.06，17.97，右眼：χ²值分别为17.52，20.44，21.49，18.61，P值均＜0.05)。民族、性别、年级和BMI是影响土家族聚居区儿童青少年视力不良的因素，其中儿童青少年超重、肥胖与视力不良呈正相关(OR值分别为1.81，1.70，95%CI分别为1.76~1.92，1.66~1.82，P值均 < 0.01)。结论土家族聚居区土家族儿童青少年视力不良问题严峻，应采取有效的干预措施预防儿童青少年的近视问题。
- 视力, 低 /
- 回归分析 /
- 学生 /
- 少数民族
Abstract: Objective To understand the prevalence of low vision among Tujia and Han children and adolescents in Tujia inhabited areas, and to provide reference for the prevention and control of myopia in children and adolescents in minority areas. Methods A cluster sampling of Tujia and Han primary school students from two primary schools in Lichuan City, Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Hubei Province (2 466 Tujia and 971 Han) were selected for visual acuity assessment. Univariate χ² test and multivariate Logistic analysis were used. Low vision and associated factors between Tujia and Han nationality were compared. Results The overall detection rate of low vision among children and adolescents in Tujia inhabited areas was 44.9%. There were differences in the degree of low vision in the left and right eyes of individuals, and the detection rate of low vision varied significantly by ethnic, gender and grade (χ²=22.10, 18.43, 19.06, 17.97 for the left eye, 17.52, 20.44, 21.49, 18.61 for the right eye, P < 0.05). There were many factors affecting low vision among children and adolescents in Tujia inhabited areas, overweight and obesity were negatively associated with low vision (OR=1.81, 1.70, 95%CI=1.76-1.92, 1.66-1.82, P < 0.01). Conclusion Low vision is highly prevalent in Tujia children and adolescents. Effective intervention measures should be taken to treat and prevent myopia in children and adolescents.
- Vision, low /
- Regression analysis /
- Students /
- Minority groups
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表 1 不同人口统计学特征小学生左右眼视力不良检出率比较

Table 1. Comparison of the detection rate of poor visual acuity among pupils with different demographic indicators

人口统计学指标	选项	人数	左眼			右眼
人口统计学指标	选项	人数	视力不良人数	χ²值	P值	视力不良人数	χ²值	P值
民族	汉族	971	423(43.6)	17.43	0.02	417(42.9)	18.52	< 0.01
	土家族	2 466	1 095(44.4)			1 127(45.7)
性别	男	1 837	811(44.1)	18.11	< 0.01	843(45.9)	19.34	0.01
	女	1 600	707(44.2)			701(43.8)
年级	一	487	278(57.1)	18.23	< 0.01	278(57.1)	22.26	< 0.01
	二	589	202(34.3)			208(35.3)
	三	527	205(38.9)			199(37.8)
	四	538	238(44.2)			247(45.9)
	五	646	251(38.9)			262(40.6)
	六	650	344(52.9)			350(53.8)
BMI	正常	2 045	826(40.4)	19.89	< 0.01	820(40.1)	23.55	< 0.01
	超重	870	434(49.9)			449(51.6)
	肥胖	522	258(49.4)			275(52.7)
注： ()内数字为检出率/%。

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 小学生视力不良多因素Logistic回归分析(n=3 437)

Table 2. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis of poor vision in primary school students (n=3 437)

自变量	选项	β值	标准误	Wald χ²值	OR值(OR值95%CI)	P值
民族	土家族	-0.35	0.04	41.74	0.84(0.79~0.87)	< 0.01
性别	女	0.28	0.04	89.01	1.71(1.65~1.77)	< 0.01
年级	二	-0.41	0.05	74.13	0.56(0.46~0.62)	< 0.01
	三	-0.47	0.03	55.43	0.71(0.61~0.82)	< 0.01
	四	-0.27	0.02	86.76	0.79(0.65~0.96)	< 0.01
	五	-0.98	0.07	99.42	0.67(0.62~0.71)	< 0.01
	六	-0.54	0.03	83.95	0.93(0.87~0.99)	< 0.01
BMI	超重	0.42	0.03	48.93	1.81(1.76~1.92)	< 0.01
	肥胖	0.57	0.04	70.32	1.70(1.66~1.82)	< 0.01

下载: 导出CSV

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