学龄期儿童体质现状及其与汉语阅读能力的关联

肖沛; 周新红; 周建荣; 姜琦; 冯雅楠; 吴小纤; 向真; 邹丽; 宋然然

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.05.034

学龄期儿童体质现状及其与汉语阅读能力的关联

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.05.034

肖沛¹,
周新红²,
周建荣²,
姜琦¹,
冯雅楠¹,
吴小纤¹,
向真¹,
邹丽^3, ,,
宋然然^1, ,

1.
华中科技大学同济医学院公共卫生学院儿少卫生与妇幼保健学系，武汉 430030
2.
武汉盘龙城经济开发区第一小学
3.
深圳市宝安区妇幼保健院儿童保健科

基金项目:

中国教育学会教育科研“体育与卫生”专项重点课题 19TY1731008ZA

详细信息

作者简介:
肖沛(1997-)，女，湖北潜江人，在读硕士，主要研究方向为儿童心理发展与心理卫生

通讯作者:
邹丽，E-mail：zouli_job@163.com

宋然然，E-mail：songranran@hust.edu.cn

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中图分类号: R748 R179 G804.49
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-11-25
- 修回日期: 2021-12-28
- 网络出版日期: 2022-05-20
- 刊出日期: 2022-05-25

Correlation between physical fitness and reading ability among school-aged children

1.
Department of Maternal and Child Health and MOE Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan (430030), China

摘要

摘要: 目的了解学龄期儿童体质健康与汉语阅读能力现状及两者的关联, 为提升儿童的阅读能力提供依据。方法采用整群抽样方法, 对湖北省武汉市某小学二至六年级1 923名学龄期儿童进行问卷调查, 内容包括基本人口学信息及汉语阅读能力筛查(《儿童汉语阅读障碍筛查量表》及《儿童学习障碍筛查量表》)。同时对研究对象进行体质健康测试, 包括身高、体重、肺活量、50 m跑、坐位体前屈、1 min跳绳、1 min仰卧起坐、50 m×8往返跑。结果检出汉语阅读障碍儿童共59名。正常儿童在体质总分、1 min跳绳评分、1 min仰卧起坐评分、坐位体前屈评分上均高于汉语阅读障碍儿童(P值均 < 0.05)。多重线性回归分析显示, 女童的阅读能力高于男童(β=-3.04, P < 0.01), 经常参加较大强度体育锻炼及体质评分越高的儿童阅读能力越强(β值分别为-1.68, -0.08, P值均 < 0.01);与父母文化程度初中及以下的儿童相比, 父母文化程度越高的儿童阅读能力越强(P值均 < 0.05)。结论性别、父母受教育程度、经常参加的体育锻炼强度及体质水平为学龄期儿童汉语阅读能力的相关因素, 儿童的体质健康水平与阅读能力存在正向关联。
- 体质 /
- 阅读障碍 /
- 回归分析 /
- 儿童 /
- 精神卫生
Abstract: Objective To determine the association between physical health fitness with Chinese reading ability of school-aged children, so as to provide evidence for improving children's reading ability. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 1 923 school-aged children in grades 2-6 in a primary school in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.The questionnaire included basic demographic information and Dyslexia Checklist for Chinese Children and the Pupil Rating Scale-Revised Screening.At the same time, participants underwent physical fitness tests which included an assessment of height, weight, and lung capacity, as well as a 50-meter run, sit-forward bend, one-minute skipping rope task, sit-ups, and a 50 × 8 round trip. Results A total of 59 children were identified with dyslexia.Normal children achieved higher scores than children with dyslexia in the total physical health score, as well as the one-minute skipping rope score, one-minute sit-up score, and sitting forward score (P < 0.05).Multiple linear regression analyses showed that the reading ability of girls was higher than that of boys (β=-3.04, P < 0.01), and the children who regularly participated in more intense physical activity and who had higher fitness scores had a higher reading ability (β=-1.68, -0.08, P < 0.01).Children's reading ability increased significantly with parental educational level (P < 0.05). Conclusion Gender, parents'education level, physical exercise intensity, and children's physical fitness were identified as influencing factors of school-age children's reading ability.A positive correlation was found between children's physical health level and reading ability.
- Body constitution /
- Dyslexia /
- Regression analysis /
- Child /
- Mental health
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表 1 不同组别儿童体质得分比较(x±s)

Table 1. Comparison of basic demographic characteristics and physical scores(x±s)

组别	人数	得分	t/F值	P值
性别
男	1 011	70.40±9.87	-6.25	< 0.01
女	912	73.03±8.61
年级
二	307	72.27±10.25	10.22	< 0.01
三	429	73.81±7.04
四	376	69.92±10.42
五	371	70.89±9.29
六	440	71.23±9.51
父亲文化程度^*
初中及以下	660	71.36±9.44	0.63	0.53
高中或同等学历	671	71.75±9.35
大专及以上	532	71.95±9.42
母亲文化程度^*
初中及以下	721	71.44±9.51	0.62	0.54
高中或同等学历	699	71.61±9.18
大专及以上	442	72.06±9.54
体育锻炼强度^*
小	1 564	71.45±9.31	-2.75	< 0.01
大	303	73.06±9.60
注：*表示数据有缺失值。

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表 2 阅读障碍组与正常组儿童体质得分比较[M(P₂₅，P₇₅)]

Table 2. Comparison of physical scores between dyslexia and normal children[M(P₂₅, P₇₅)]

组别	人数	BMI	肺活量	50 m跑	坐位体前屈
阅读障碍组	59	100.00(80.00, 100.00)	85.00(74.00, 100.00)	66.00(60.00, 72.00)	68.00(64.00, 72.00)
正常组	1 864	100.00(80.00, 100.00)	90.00(76.00, 100.00)	68.00(62.00, 76.00)	70.00(66.00, 76.00)
Z值		-0.54	-0.53	-1.39	-2.54
P值		0.59	0.60	0.16	< 0.01

组别	人数	1 min跳绳	1 min仰卧起坐	50 m×8往返跑	总分
阅读障碍组	59	60.00(0.00, 66.00)	66.00(55.00, 72.00)	68.00(47.50, 72.00)	66.10(61.20, 75.70)
正常组	1 864	62.00(40.00, 68.00)	70.00(64.00, 74.00)	70.00(62.00, 76.00)	73.40(66.70, 78.20)
Z值		-2.64	-2.82	-1.58	-3.64
P值		< 0.01	< 0.01	0.12	< 0.01

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表 3 儿童汉语阅读能力影响因素的多重线性回归分析(n=1 923)

Table 3. Multiple linear regression analysis of influencing factors of children's reading ability (n=1 923)

常数与自变量	选项	β值	标准误	B值	t值
常数项		65.20	2.02		32.35^**
体质评分		-0.08	0.02	-0.07	-3.22^**
性别	女	-3.04	0.46	-0.15	-6.65^**
年级	三	-0.84	0.73	-0.04	-1.15
	四	-2.22	0.75	-0.09	-2.94^**
	五	0.46	0.76	0.02	0.61
	六	-0.96	0.74	-0.04	-1.30
父亲文化程度	高中或同等学历	-1.35	0.63	-0.07	-2.16^*
	大专及以上	-3.13	0.75	-0.14	-4.16^**
母亲文化程度	高中或同等学历	-1.80	0.62	-0.09	-2.93^**
	大专及以上	-2.26	0.78	-0.10	-2.90^**
体育锻炼强度	大	-1.68	0.62	-0.06	-2.74^**
注：P < 0.05，*P < 0.01。

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