重庆市2021年学期初和学期末中学生抑郁和焦虑状况变化

邬东原; 王曼菲; 张滨; 赖维云; 顾典

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.05.022

重庆市2021年学期初和学期末中学生抑郁和焦虑状况变化

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.05.022

1.
重庆医科大学公共卫生与管理学院医学与社会发展研究中心/健康领域社会风险预测治理协调创新中心，重庆 400016
2.
重庆市健康教育所

详细信息

作者简介:
邬东原(1997-)，男，重庆市人，在读硕士，主要研究方向为卫生事业管理

通讯作者:
张滨，E-mail: zhangbin-127@163.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R179 G444 B844.2
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-12-15
- 修回日期: 2022-03-18
- 网络出版日期: 2022-05-20
- 刊出日期: 2022-05-25

Differences in the detection rates of depression and anxiety among middle school students in different time periods

1.
Medical and Social Development Research Center, College of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing (400016), China

摘要

摘要: 目的调查重庆市中学生在不同时段的抑郁和焦虑状况变化，为后续青少年的心理健康研究与干预提供参考。方法 2021年采用多阶段分层随机抽样的方法抽取重庆市1 505名初高中学生，在学期初(3—4月)和学期末(6—7月)分别采用流调用抑郁量表(CSE-D)和焦虑自评量表(SAS)调查中学生抑郁与焦虑状况。结果学期初调查结果显示，中学生抑郁症状检出434例(27.6%), 焦虑症状检出601例(38.2%)；学期末抑郁症状检出463例(30.8%)，焦虑症状检出653例(43.4%)。学期末中学生焦虑症状检出率明显高于学期初(43.4%，38.2%，χ²=8.55，P < 0.05)，女生在学期末焦虑症状检出率为52.8%，高于学期初的46.3%(χ²=6.19，P < 0.05)；高中生学期末焦虑症状检出率为44.9%，高于学期初的28.6%(χ²=43.33，P < 0.01)。学期初男生、初中生焦虑症状检出率与学期末差异均无统计学意义(χ²值分别为2.34，0.71，P值均>0.05)。结论一学期中不同时间段中学女生焦虑症状、高中生抑郁与焦虑症状检出率具有较大的差异。调查中学生抑郁和焦虑状况时，应考虑时间段的差异性。
- 抑郁 /
- 焦虑 /
- 精神卫生 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective To investigates the prevalence of depression and anxiety among middle school students at different times, and to provide a reference for mental health promotion among adolescents. Methods A total of 1 505 middle school students, selected from Chongqing in 2021 by using multi-stage stratified random sampling method, were surveyed by using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale(CSE-D) and Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS). Results At the beginning of the semester, 434(27.6%) and 601 students(38.2%) reported depressive and anxiety symptoms, respectively. While at the end of the semester showed that 463 cases (30.8%) were prone to depression, and 653 cases (43.4%) reported depressive and anxiety symptoms, respectively. The detection rate of depressive symptoms at the end of the semester was significantly higher than that at the beginning of semester. (43.4%, 38.2%, χ²=8.55, P < 0.05). Depressive of female students at the end of the semester(52.8%) was higher than that at the beginning of the semester(46.3%)(χ²=6.19, P < 0.05) The detection rate of anxiety symptoms in senior high school students at the end of the semester(44.9%) was significantly higher than that of at the beginning of the semester(28.6%) (χ²=43.33, P < 0.01). No significant difference in anxiety symptoms boys and junior high school students between the beginning and the end of the semester (χ²=2.34, 0.71, P>0.05). Conclusion Substantial changes are observed in anxiety symptoms among female middle school students and depressive and anxiety symptoms among high school students in different periods of a semester. When investigating depression and anxiety of middle school students, time effect should be considered.
- Depression /
- Anxiety /
- Mental health /
- Students
注释:

1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。

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表 1 不同性别学段中学生抑郁焦虑症状检出率比较

Table 1. Comparison of the detection of depression and anxiety symptoms among high school students of different genders and grades

组别	选项	统计值	学期初			学期末
组别	选项	统计值	人数	抑郁症状	焦虑症状	人数	抑郁症状	焦虑症状
性别	男		824	190(23.1)	254(30.8)	770	210(27.3)	265(34.4)
	女		749	244(32.6)	347(46.3)	735	253(34.4)	388(52.8)
		χ²值		17.79	39.94		9.02	51.68
		P值		< 0.01	< 0.01		< 0.05	< 0.01
年级	初中		805	266(32.6)	325(39.8)	755	262(34.7)	316(41.9)
	学段		768	168(22.2)	276(36.5)	750	201(26.8)	337(44.9)
		χ²值		21.28	1.80		11.03	1.45
		P值		< 0.01	>0.05		< 0.05	>0.05
注：()内数字为检出率/%。

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