Correlation between lipid metabolism and heart rate deflection point among Tibetan primary school students in Ganzi high-altitude area
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摘要:
目的 了解甘孜高海拔地区藏族儿童脂肪代谢与心率拐点(heart rate deflection point, HRDP)的关系，为甘孜地区藏族儿童有效控制脂肪和身体锻炼干预提供参考。 方法 采用简单随机抽样于2019年9—10月抽取甘孜地区284名世居藏族小学生为研究对象，采用递增负荷的方法评估不同体质量指数(BMI)小学生心率拐点及拐点的速度，并测试被试的血清脂代谢指标，分析心率拐点与脂代谢水平之间的关联。 结果 甘孜高海拔地区藏族小学低年级不同营养状况学生血清瘦素、脂联素、总胆固醇、三酰甘油水平比较，差异均有统计学意义(F值分别为22.16，10.12，11.24，4.35，P值均 < 0.05)。低、中、高年级不同营养状况心率拐点时的心率值相比较，差异均有统计学意义(F值分别为3.35，4.76，4.68，P值均 < 0.05)。Pearson相关分析显示，小学低年级肥胖、超重、正常、消瘦组学生心率拐点与血清瘦素相关性均有统计学意义(r值分别为0.66，0.14，0.45，0.65，P值均 < 0.05)。 结论 甘孜高海拔地区藏族儿童心率拐点与脂肪代谢之间存在密切联系，拐点心率可作为高原儿童运动干预的有效参考强度。 Abstract:Objective To understand the relationship between lipid metabolism and heart rate deflection point (HRDP) in Tibetan children in the high-altitude area of Ganzi, and to provide reference for effective obesity prevention and physical exercise intervention for Tibetan children. Methods From September to October 2019, 284 Tibetan primary school students living in Ganzi area were randomly selected. HRDP and deflection point speed with different body mass index (BMI) by increasing load method, as well as serum lipid metabolism were assessed. The correlation between the HRDP and lipid metabolism level was analyzed. Results There were statistically significant differences in serum leptin, adiponectin, total cholesterol, and triglyceride levels among the first-and second-grade Tibetan primary school students in the Ganzi high-altitude area with different nutritional status (F=22.16, 10.12, 11.24, 4.35, P < 0.05). The heart rate values at the HRDP in the first and second grades, the third and fourth grades, and the fifth and sixth grades under different nutritional status were compared, and the differences were statistically significant (F=3.35, 4.76, 4.68, P < 0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that there were statistically significant correlations between HRDP and serum leptin in the obese, overweight, normal, and lean groups in the first and second grades of primary school (r=0.66, 0.14, 0.45, 0.65, P < 0.05). Conclusion There is a close relationship between HRDP and lipid metabolism of Tibetan children in the high-altitude area of Ganzi, and the heart rate at the deflection point can be used as an effective reference intensity for exercise intervention in plateau children. -
Key words:
- Adipose tissue /
- Metabolism /
- Heart rate /
- Growth and development /
- Child /
- Minority groups
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表 1 不同年级各营养状况藏族儿童身高体重BMI比较(x±s)
Table 1. Comparison of height, weight and BMI among Tibetan children in different grades and nutritional status (x±s)
年级 营养状况 人数 统计值 身高/cm 体重/kg BMI/(kg·m-2) 低 肥胖 16 119.42±5.45 30.14±3.42 20.67±0.91 超重 18 120.34±5.03 28.06±2.32 19.04±1.06 正常 32 119.62±5.13 21.62±2.02 15.52±1.09 消瘦 25 120.12±6.24 17.51±2.01 12.42±1.22 F值 0.12 0.09 0.10 中 肥胖 13 130.52±6.25 40.05±4.62 23.52±1.61 超重 23 129.64±6.82 35.26±4.06 21.06±1.52 正常 28 129.15±7.64 27.62±2.13 16.74±1.78 消瘦 33 129.75±5.64 21.16±2.25 13.01±1.01 F值 141.92** 180.49** 104.85** 高 肥胖 15 144.01±6.32 54.05±7.64 26.08±1.41 超重 21 143.05±5.42 46.28±6.42 22.64±1.02 正常 34 144.42±6.08 36.37±6.03 17.52±1.51 消瘦 26 143.35±6.75 27.84±3.94 13.24±0.84 F值 320.33** 390.48** 790.14** 注： **P < 0.01。 
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表 2 甘孜高海拔地区不同年级各营养状况藏族儿童脂代谢水平比较(x±s)
Table 2. Comparison of lipid metabolism levels of Tibetan children with different grades and nutritional status in Ganzi high altitude area (x±s)
年级 营养状况 人数 统计值 血清瘦素/
(μg·L-1)脂联素/
(μg·mL-1)总胆固醇/
(mmoL·L-1)三酰甘油/
(mmoL·L-1)低 肥胖 16 8.15±1.62 14.21±2.42 6.81±1.24 2.41±0.71 超重 18 5.02±1.74 12.13±2.86 5.26±1.01 2.01±0.51 正常 32 2.21±0.42 7.21±1.01 4.01±0.81 1.68±0.34 消瘦 25 2.01±0.63 5.41±0.91 3.75±0.56 1.34±0.16 F值 22.16 10.12 11.24 4.35 P值 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 0.02 中 肥胖 13 10.75±2.01 15.26±3.01 7.32±1.31 2.84±1.01 超重 23 7.32±1.62 12.08±2.24 6.31±0.94 2.81±0.42 正常 28 3.86±0.32 7.81±1.52 5.06±1.01 2.01±0.36 消瘦 33 2.61±0.52 6.13±0.81 4.72±0.64 1.94±0.31 F值 21.46 11.25 5.12 4.06 P值 < 0.01 < 0.01 0.01 0.02 高 肥胖 15 10.13±2.16 17.61±3.01 8.01±1.51 3.52±0.91 超重 21 8.26±1.24 13.52±3.52 6.72±0.71 3.06±1.01 正常 34 4.15±0.45 8.26±0.84 5.42±0.82 2.18±0.49 消瘦 26 3.24±0.49 7.01±0.63 5.13±0.56 2.08±0.41 F值 25.16 13.24 9.16 3.94 P值 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 0.02
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表 3 甘孜高海拔地区不同年级各营养状况藏族儿童递增负荷运动心率比较(x±s，次/min)
Table 3. Comparison of heart rate of increasing load exercise with different grades and nutritional status of Tibetan children in Ganzi high altitude area (x±s, time/min)
年级 营养状况 人数 统计值 负荷1 负荷2 负荷3 负荷4 负荷5 低 肥胖 16 106.72±11.25 121.35±9.62 141.86±9.26 161.25±11.06 173.25±10.86 超重 18 104.25±10.01 118.52±10.85 141.25±9.36 159.24±12.32 168.25±10.24 正常 32 100.06±11.06 115.25±10.12 130.62±9.52 149.62±10.52 161.35±10.12 消瘦 25 101.35±10.42 117.16±10.06 141.25±10.32 160.52±10.25 167.74±10.62 F值 0.95 1.03 2.71 2.14 1.65 P值 0.18 0.15 0.07 0.09 0.10 中 肥胖 13 104.12±9.65 119.12±12.05 143.16±10.02 157.62±10.12 167.25±10.12 超重 23 102.62±11.42 119.01±9.16 139.16±10.42 157.25±11.25 167.15±10.12 正常 28 96.15±9.25 113.25±8.64 119.25±11.03 151.62±10.24 159.86±9.12 消瘦 33 99.25±12.02 116.25±9.16 130.25±9.16 154.52±10.59 163.12±9.86 F值 1.46 0.99 2.93 0.46 0.53 P值 0.11 0.16 0.06 0.29 0.26 高 肥胖 15 101.75±9.45 117.76±9.52 141.75±9.16 153.62±10.25 163.42±10.12 超重 21 99.46±9.86 116.25±7.63 136.15±10.86 148.41±9.01 162.32±8.64 正常 34 93.24±8.64 109.52±8.41 125.25±11.01 138.86±9.46 158.01±9.25 消瘦 26 95.86±8.01 113.25±9.52 128.64±10.46 154.42±9.52 162.05±8.16 F值 0.74 1.31 2.64 3.41 0.91 P值 0.23 0.13 0.07 0.03 0.19
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表 4 甘孜高海拔地区不同年级各营养状况藏族儿童心率拐点和速度比较
Table 4. Comparison of heart rate deflection point and speed of Tibetan children with different grades and nutritional status in Ganzi high altitude area
年级 营养状况 人数 心率拐点时心率值 负荷级别 心率拐点速度/
(km·h-1)x±s/(次·min-1) F值 P值 低 肥胖 16 141.86±11.62 3.35 0.04 3 7 超重 18 141.25±10.26 3 7 正常 32 149.62±13.16 4 7.5 消瘦 25 141.25±12.32 3 7 中 肥胖 13 143.12±14.45 4.76 0.02 3 7 超重 23 139.12±10.35 3 7 正常 28 151.62±10.25 4 7.5 消瘦 33 154.52±11.42 4 7.5 高 肥胖 15 141.75±9.86 4.68 0.02 3 7 超重 21 148.32±10.16 4 7.5 正常 34 158.01±10.52 5 8 消瘦 26 154.42±10.67 5 8
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