京津冀地区儿童青少年体力活动视屏和睡眠时间与超重肥胖的关系

吕子昕; 李涛

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.04.005

京津冀地区儿童青少年体力活动视屏和睡眠时间与超重肥胖的关系

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.04.005

吕子昕¹,
李涛²

1.
韩国国立安东大学，安东 151-742
2.
天津医科大学基础医学院

详细信息

作者简介:
吕子昕(1989-)，男，河南省人，在读博士，主要研究方向为体育社会学与体质健康

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-01-05
- 修回日期: 2022-01-26
- 网络出版日期: 2022-04-25
- 刊出日期: 2022-04-25

Relationship between physical activity screen time and sleep duration and overweight and obesity among children and adolescents in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region

LYU Zixin¹,
LI Tao²

1.
Andong National University, Andong (151-742), Korea

摘要

摘要: 目的了解京津冀地区儿童青少年体力活动、视屏和睡眠状况及其与超重肥胖的关系，为京津冀地区儿童青少年保持健康体型提供参考和借鉴。方法 2019年11月借助全国学生体质健康调研工作，参考儿童青少年体力活动指南对京津冀地区4 262名中小学生进行体力活动、睡眠状况、视屏时间调查，并采用Logistic回归分析其与超重肥胖之间存在的关联。结果京津冀地区儿童青少年超重肥胖检出率为22.03%；其中超重检出率12.01%，肥胖检出率10.02%。男生(26.09%)超重肥胖检出率高于女生(17.88%)，差异有统计学意义(χ²=41.77，P < 0.01)；城市(24.09%)和汉族(22.74%)儿童青少年超重肥胖检出率高于乡村(21.05%)和少数民族(17.70%)，差异均有统计学意义(χ²值分别为5.00，7.63，P值均 < 0.05)。体力活动时间合格率为24.85%，视屏时间合格率为38.69%，睡眠时间合格率为57.09%。体力活动时间、视屏时间、睡眠时间3项均不合格的比例为21.68%，1项合格和2项合格分别占42.80%和28.77%，3项均合格的仅占6.76%。Logistic回归分析显示，睡眠时间合格与超重肥胖发生的风险呈负相关(OR=0.72，95%CI=0.52~0.98)；与睡眠时间和视屏时间均未合格者相比，2项合格与超重肥胖的发生风险呈负相关(OR=0.57，95%CI=0.36~0.87)。结论京津冀地区儿童青少年体力活动时间合格率较低，保障睡眠时间将对超重肥胖的发生起到保护作用。应注重睡眠时间和视屏时间对儿童青少年超重肥胖的影响，并在以后的防控和干预中得以应用。
- 运动活动 /
- 注视, 眼 /
- 睡眠 /
- 超重 /
- 肥胖症 /
- 回归分析 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective To investigate the relationship among physical activity, sleep duration and screen time and overweight and obesity among children and adolescents in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, and to provide reference for children and adolescents in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region to maintain healthy physique. Methods In November 2019, 4 262 primary and secondary school students in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region were surveyed on physical activity, sleep status and screen time according to the physical activity guidelines for children and adolescents, and the relationship between overweight and obesity was analyzed by Logistic regression. Results The prevalence of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region was 22.03%. The positive rate of overweight was 12.01% and obesity was 10.02%. The prevalence of overweight and obesity in male students (26.09%) was higher than that in female students (17.88%), the difference was statistically significant (χ²=41.77, P < 0.01). The prevalence of overweight and obesity in urban children (24.09%) and Han children (22.74%) was significantly higher than that in rural areas (21.05%) and ethnic minorities (17.70%) (χ²=5.00, 7.63, P < 0.05). The proportion of children who met physical activity, screen time and sleep duration guideline was 24.85%, 38.69% and 57.09%, respectively. A total of 21.68% of children and adolescents did not meet the guideline of physical activity, screen time and sleep duration, among which 42.80% and 28.77% met the guideline for one or two out of three behaviors, respectively. Only 6.76% of children and adolescents met the guideline of all three behaviors. Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of overweight and obesity was negatively correlated with sleep duration (OR=0.72, 95%CI=0.52-0.98). The risk of overweight and obesity was lower in patients with 2 criteria than in those with less sleep duration and less screen time (OR=0.57, 95%CI=0.36-0.87). Conclusion Percentage of sufficient physical activity among children and adolescents in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region is low, and ensuring sufficient sleep duration is helpful for overweight and obesity prevention. The impact of sleep duration and screen time on overweight and obesity in children and adolescents should be considered in childhood obesity prevention and control.
- Motor activity /
- Fixation, ocular /
- Sleep /
- Overweight /
- Obesity /
- Regression analysis /
- Students
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表 1 京津冀地区不同组别儿童青少年超重肥胖检出率比较

Table 1. Comparison of overweight and obesity detection rates among children and adolescents in different groups in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region

组别	选项	人数	超重肥胖人数	χ²值	P值
性别	男生	2 154	562(26.09)	41.77	< 0.01
	女生	2 108	377(17.88)
学段	小学	3 257	723(22.20)	0.22	0.64
	中学	1 005	216(21.49)
城乡	城市	1 374	331(24.09)	5.00	0.03
	乡村	2 888	608(21.05)
民族	汉族	3 663	833(22.74)	7.63	0.01
	少数民族	599	106(17.70)
注： ()内数字为检出率/%。

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表 2 京津冀地区不同组别儿童青少年体力活动视屏时间和睡眠时间合格率及不同组合合格项数比较

Table 2. Comparison of pass rates of screen time and sleep duration and physical activity and the number of pass items in different combinations of children and adolescents in different groups in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region

组别	选项	人数	统计值	体力活动时间合格人数	视屏时间合格人数	睡眠时间>合格人数	组合达标项数/项
组别	选项	人数	统计值	体力活动时间合格人数	视屏时间合格人数	睡眠时间>合格人数	1	2	3
性别	男生	2 154		559(25.95)	874(40.58)	1 217(56.50)	919(42.66)	595(27.62)	180(8.36)
	女生	2 108		500(23.72)	775(36.76)	1 216(57.69)	905(42.93)	631(29.93)	108(5.12)
			χ²值	2.84	6.52	0.61	0.03	2.78	17.68
			P值	0.09	0.01	0.43	0.86	0.10	< 0.01
学段	小学	3 257		739(22.69)	1 257(38.59)	1 856(56.98)	1 369(42.03)	937(28.77)	203(6.23)
	中学	1 005		320(31.84)	392(39.00)	577(57.41)	455(45.27)	289(28.76)	85(8.46)
			χ²值	34.44	0.05	0.06	3.30	0.00	6.03
			P值	< 0.01	0.82	0.81	0.07	0.97	0.01
城乡	城市	1 374		410(29.84)	541(39.37)	779(56.70)	586(42.65)	410(29.84)	108(7.86)
	乡村	2 888		649(22.47)	1 108(38.37)	1 654(57.27)	1 238(42.87)	816(28.25)	180(6.23)
			χ²值	27.06	0.40	0.13	0.02	1.14	3.91
			P值	< 0.01	0.53	0.72	0.89	0.29	0.04
民族	汉族	3 663		852(23.26)	1 388(37.89)	2 118(57.82)	1 613(44.03)	1 014(27.68)	239(6.52)
	少数民族	599		207(34.56)	261(43.57)	315(52.59)	211(35.23)	212(35.39)	49(8.18)
			χ²值	35.19	7.01	5.76	16.32	14.93	2.24
			P值	< 0.01	< 0.01	0.02	< 0.01	< 0.01	0.13
超重肥胖	否	3 323		829(24.95)	1 326(39.90)	1 953(58.77)	1 411(42.46)	999(30.06)	232(6.98)
	是	939		230(24.49)	323(34.40)	480(51.12)	413(43.98)	227(24.17)	56(5.96)
			χ²值	0.08	9.35	17.51	0.69	12.39	1.20
			P值	0.78	< 0.01	< 0.01	0.41	< 0.01	0.27
注： ()内数字为合格率/%。

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表 3 京津冀地区儿童青少年体力活动视屏时间和睡眠时间与超重肥胖的Logistic回归分析(n=4 262)

Table 3. Logistic regression analysis of physical activity and screen time and sleep duration among overweight and obesity in children and adolescents in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region (n=4 262)

自变量	选项	模型1		模型2		模型3
自变量	选项	OR值(OR值95%CI)	P值	OR值(OR值95%CI)	P值	OR值(OR值95%CI)	P值
体力活动时间合格		0.99(0.67~1.38)	0.89	0.97(0.67~1.42)	0.88	0.92(0.66~1.26)	0.56
视屏时间合格		0.78(0.56~1.07)	0.14	0.76(0.55~1.08)	0.12	0.72(0.53~0.95)	0.03
睡眠时间合格		0.74(0.53~1.01)	0.05	0.72(0.52~0.98)	0.05	0.78(0.57~1.02)	0.05
组合合格项数/项	1	0.83(0.54~1.20)	0.31	0.80(0.53~1.19)	0.28	0.78(0.55~1.11)	0.18
	2	0.64(0.40~0.97)	0.04	0.62(0.42~0.98)	0.04	0.54(0.35~0.77)	0.01
	3	0.67(0.32~1.31)	0.26	0.61(0.28~1.25)	0.17	0.72(0.38~1.28)	0.25
体力活动和视屏时间组合	1	0.79(0.55~1.07)	0.15	0.78(0.55~1.08)	0.15	0.66(0.48~0.87)	0.01
合格项数/项	2	0.88(0.51~1.43)	0.59	0.82(0.49~1.37)	0.47	0.78(0.52~1.23)	0.32
体力活动和睡眠时间组合	1	0.82(0.57~4.13)	0.23	0.81(0.56~1.13)	0.23	0.79(0.57~1.04)	0.11
合格项数/项	2	0.71(0.42~1.14)	0.16	0.67(0.38~1.13)	0.15	0.71(0.46~1.08)	0.12
睡眠时间和视屏时间组合	1	0.79(0.55~1.09)	0.17	0.75(0.52~1.08)	0.15	0.76(0.55~1.05)	0.12
合格项数/项	2	0.61(0.37~0.91)	0.03	0.57(0.36~0.87)	0.03	0.55(0.37~0.81)	0.01

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