安徽阜阳城区学龄前儿童面部外伤流行特征

于晓锋; 李心怡; 马杰; 方建强; 孙士温; 程其远

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.03.032

安徽阜阳城区学龄前儿童面部外伤流行特征

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.03.032

1.
安徽省阜阳市人民医院医学美容科, 236000
2.
安徽医科大学第一附属医院整形外科

基金项目:

2019年安徽省自然科学基金项目 9021548201

详细信息

作者简介:
于晓锋(1976-),男,安徽临泉人,硕士,副主任医师, 主要研究方向为儿童面部外伤瘢痕整形

通讯作者:
李心怡, E-mail:lixinyi2023@163.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R179 G641 R181.3
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-09-19
- 修回日期: 2022-01-07
- 网络出版日期: 2022-03-29
- 刊出日期: 2022-03-25

Epidemiological characteristics of facial trauma in preschool children in Fuyang City of Anhui Province

1.
Medical Cosmetology Department, Fuyang People's Hospital, Fuyang (236000), Anhui Province, China

摘要

摘要: 目的了解安徽阜阳城区3~6岁学龄前儿童面部外伤发生现状及相关影响因素, 为降低学龄前儿童面部外伤提供参考依据。方法采取多阶段分层整群抽样方法, 对阜阳市4所幼儿园3~6岁的1 062名学龄前儿童家长进行问卷调查。结果共收集面部外伤儿童146例, 学龄前儿童面部外伤报告率为13.7%。男女童之比为1.84∶1, 幼儿园小、中班男生报告率(24.5%, 16.4%)高于女生(13.4%, 9.0%), 差异均有统计学意义(χ²值分别为6.66, 4.25, P值均 < 0.05)。小班儿童面部外伤(19.4%)发生最多, 且随着年龄增长, 发病人数逐渐降低。跌倒(61.6%)是最常见原因。家庭(55.5%)和幼儿园(26.0%)是发生面部外伤的主要场所, 额部(26.0%)和下颌(21.2%)为主要受伤部位, 单纯皮肤裂伤(81.5%)是主要受伤类型。11:00—13:00(19.9%)及17:00—19:00(27.4%)为面部外伤高发时间; 6—8月(39.7%)为高发月份。单因素分析结果显示, 学龄前儿童面部外伤在性别、班级、家长自诉儿童性格、监护人文化程度和家庭类型方面差异均有统计学意义(χ²值分别为14.51, 18.84, 39.66, 6.56, 12.31, P值均＜0.05)。结论学龄前儿童面部外伤报告率较高, 不同性别、班级、性格、家庭类型等发生情况有所差异, 家庭、幼托机构和社会等多方共同干预, 可有效减少学龄前儿童意外伤害发生。
- 面部 /
- 创伤和损伤 /
- 儿童, 学龄前 /
- 问卷调查
Abstract: Objective To investigate the current situation and related factors of facial trauma in school-age children in urban areas of Fuyang, and to provide basis for child facial trauma prevention. Methods By cluster stratified random sampling method, a questionnaire survey was conducted among parents of school-age children aged 3-6 in four kindergartens in Fuyang City. A total of 1 062 valid questionnaires were included. Results A total of 146 (13.7%) children with facial trauma were included. The ratio of boys to girls was 1.84∶1.In primary and secondary classes in kindergarten, the reporting rate of boys (24.5%, 16.4%) was higher than that of girls (13.4%, 9.0%), and the difference was statistically significant (χ²=6.66, 4.25, P < 0.05).The incidence of facial trauma was highest (19.4%) in junior kindergarten class children, which decreased with age. Falls injury(61.6%) was the leading cause of facial trauma. Most of facial trauma occurred in family (55.5%) and kindergarten (26.0%). Forehead (26.0%) and mandible (21.2%) were the main injured body sites. Skin laceration (81.5%) was the main type of injury. Facial trauma mostly occurred at 11:00-13:00(19.9%) and 17:00-19:00(27.4%), during June to August (39.7%). The results of univariate analysis showed that the facial trauma of preschool children was associated with gender, class, parent-rated child temperament, parental education and family type(χ²=14.51, 18.84, 39.66, 6.56, 12.31, P < 0.05). Conclusion Facial trauma in preschool children in Fuyang is common, which varies in gender, class, temperament and family type.
- Face /
- Wounds and injuries /
- Child, preschool /
- Questionnaires
注释:

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表 1 不同组别学龄前儿童面部外伤不同受伤原因分布

Table 1. Composition of different causes of facial trauma in preschool children of different groups

组别	选项	人数	跌倒	交通伤	锐器伤	动物伤	其他
性别	男	90	54(60.0)	13(14.4)	9(10.0)	10(11.1)	4(4.5)
	女	56	36(64.3)	8(14.3)	7(12.5)	3(5.3)	2(3.6)
年级	小班	66	46(69.9)	4(6.0)	7(10.6)	6(9.0)	3(4.5)
	中班	46	27(58.7)	7(15.2)	5(10.9)	5(10.9)	2(4.3)
	大班	34	17(50.0)	10(29.4)	4(11.8)	2(5.9)	1(2.9)
幼儿园	公办	102	59(57.8)	16(15.7)	13(12.8)	9(8.8)	5(4.9)
性质	民办	44	31(70.4)	5(11.4)	3(6.8)	4(9.1)	1(2.3)
注：()内数字为构成比/%。

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表 2 学龄前儿童面部外伤相关因素单因素分析

Table 2. Univariate analysis of related factors of facial trauma in preschool children

因素	选项	人数	受伤人数	χ²值	P值
性别	男	565	99(17.5)	14.51	< 0.01
	女	497	47(9.5)
班级	小班	341	66(19.4)	18.84	< 0.01
	中班	355	46(13.0)
	大班	366	34(9.3)
家庭人均月收入	≥2 000	550	69(12.5)	1.39	0.24
/元	< 2 000	512	77(15.0)
儿童性格	偏外向	558	112(20.1)	39.66	< 0.01
	偏内向	504	34(6.7)
家庭人口/人	≤3	497	65(13.1)	0.35	0.55
	>4	565	81(14.3)
监护人文化程度	小学及以下	355	61(17.2)	6.56	0.04
	初中等教育	365	49(13.4)
	高等教育	342	36(10.5)
家庭类型	农村及打工家庭	526	92(17.5)	12.31	< 0.01
	城市家庭	536	54(10.1)
学校类型	公办	717	102(14.2)	0.43	0.51
	民办	345	44(12.8)
注：()内数字为报告率/%。

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