儿童期虐待类型与青少年焦虑抑郁关系的相对权重分析

张雨晗; 李洁阳; 尹学琴; 王金良

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.03.021

儿童期虐待类型与青少年焦虑抑郁关系的相对权重分析

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.03.021

西南大学心理健康教育研究中心/西南大学心理学部, 重庆 400715

详细信息

作者简介:
张雨晗(1997-), 女, 湖北荆门人, 在读硕士, 主要研究方向为青少年心理健康

通讯作者:
王金良，E-mail：wjl200789@163.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: G444 B844.2
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-10-15
- 修回日期: 2021-12-22
- 网络出版日期: 2022-03-29
- 刊出日期: 2022-03-25

Relative weights analysis on the impacts of childhood maltreatment forms on adolescent anxiety and depression

Center for Mental Health Education, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing (400715), China

摘要

摘要: 目的探讨儿童期虐待类型对青少年焦虑、抑郁影响的相对效应及其性别差异, 为经历虐待以及焦虑、抑郁的青少年开展干预提供参考。方法采用方便抽样法选取重庆市2所中学6 228名中学生作为研究对象进行问卷星调查, 调查人口统计学特征、儿童期虐待经历以及焦虑、抑郁情况。采用相对权重分析不同虐待经历对青少年焦虑、抑郁的影响及其性别差异。结果躯体忽视是最常见的虐待类型(28.2%), 其次是情感虐待(23.7%)、躯体虐待(16.0%)和情感忽视(12.4%), 性虐待是最不常见的虐待类型, 报告率为10.3%。在经历过虐待的青少年中, 大多数经历的虐待程度比较轻, 其次是中等程度的虐待。情感虐待对青少年焦虑、抑郁的影响最大(R²=0.12/0.15), 然后是情感忽视(R²=0.08/0.11)、躯体虐待(R²=0.02/0.03)、性虐待(R²=0.02/0.01)和躯体忽视(R²=0.01/0.01);相比于男生(R²=0.09/0.12, R²=0.06/0.09), 情感虐待(R²=0.13/0.16)和情感忽视(R²=0.10/0.13)对女生焦虑、抑郁的影响更大。结论儿童期情感方面的创伤经历对焦虑、抑郁的影响更大, 且存在性别差异, 在女生中的影响相对更强。
- 虐待儿童 /
- 焦虑 /
- 抑郁 /
- 精神卫生 /
- 青少年
Abstract: Objective To explore the relative effects of various forms of childhood maltreatment on adolescent anxiety and depression and to explore possible sex difference. Methods By using convenient sampling method, 6 228 middle school students were selected from 2 middle schools in Chongqing. Self-reported questionnaires were used to collect demographic characteristics, childhood maltreatment experiences, anxiety and depression symptoms. The relative weights analysis was conducted to analyze the relationship between childhood maltreatment forms and adolescent anxiety and depression and possible sex differences. Results The prevalence of physical neglect, emotional abuse, physical abuse, emotional neglect and sexual abuse was 28.2%, 23.7%, 16.0%, 12.4% and 10.3%, respectively. Among them, emotional abuse had the greatest impact on anxiety and depression (R²=0.12/0.15), followed by emotional neglect(R²=0.08/0.11), physical abuse (R²=0.02/0.03), sexual abuse (R²=0.02/0.01) and physical neglect (R²=0.01/0.01). Compared with boys (R²=0.09/0.12, R²=0.06/0.09), emotional abuse (R²=0.13/0.16) and emotional neglect (R²=0.10/0.13) had greater impacts on anxiety and depression among girls. Conclusion Psychological maltreatment (including emotional abuse and emotional neglect) in childhood has the greatest influence on anxiety and depression, especially for girls.
- Child abuse /
- Anxiety /
- Depression /
- Mental health /
- Adolescent
注释:

1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。

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表 1 儿童期虐待、焦虑、抑郁与性别、父母是否离异及是否独生的相关系数(r值，n=6 228)

Table 1. Intercorrelations between childhood maltreatment dimensions, anxiety, depression and only-child, parental divorce(r, n=6 228)

变量	性别	是否独生	父母是否离异	躯体忽视	情感忽视	情感虐待	躯体虐待	性虐待	焦虑
是否独生	0.04^**
父母是否离异	-0.04^**	0.07^*
躯体忽视	-0.03	0.02	-0.04^**
情感忽视	0.06^**	0.00	-0.11^**	0.41^**
情感虐待	0.11^**	0.01	-0.08^**	0.34^**	0.75^**
躯体虐待	-0.03^*	0.03	-0.02	0.24^**	0.50^**	0.60^**
性虐待	-0.05^**	-0.01	-0.04^**	0.15^**	0.26^**	0.25^**	0.26^**
焦虑	0.11^**	-0.04	-0.07^**	0.20^**	0.44^**	0.48^**	0.28^**	0.20^**
抑郁	0.13^**	-0.02	-0.07^**	0.20^**	0.49^**	0.53^**	0.29^**	0.18^**	0.86^**
注：P＜0.05，*P＜0.01。

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表 2 儿童期虐待各维度发生程度构成(n=6 228)

Table 2. Prevalence of childhood maltreatment severity by maltreatment subtypes(n=6 228)

儿童期虐待	无	轻	中	重
躯体忽视	4 475(71.8)	591(9.5)	460(7.4)	702(11.3)
情感忽视	5 458(87.6)	601(9.6)	104(1.7)	65(1.1)
情感虐待	4 756(76.3)	1 038(16.7)	244(3.9)	190(3.1)
躯体虐待	5 234(84.0)	579(9.3)	268(4.3)	147(2.4)
性虐待	5 586(89.7)	480(7.7)	140(2.2)	22(0.4)
注：( )内数字为构成比/%。

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