儿童期虐待类型与青少年焦虑抑郁关系的相对权重分析

张雨晗; 李洁阳; 尹学琴; 王金良

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.03.021

儿童期虐待类型与青少年焦虑抑郁关系的相对权重分析

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.03.021

西南大学心理健康教育研究中心/西南大学心理学部, 重庆 400715

详细信息

作者简介:
张雨晗(1997-), 女, 湖北荆门人, 在读硕士, 主要研究方向为青少年心理健康

通讯作者:
王金良，E-mail：wjl200789@163.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: G444 B844.2
计量
- 文章访问数: 610
- HTML全文浏览量: 215
- PDF下载量: 39
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-10-15
- 修回日期: 2021-12-22
- 网络出版日期: 2022-03-29
- 刊出日期: 2022-03-25

Relative weights analysis on the impacts of childhood maltreatment forms on adolescent anxiety and depression

Center for Mental Health Education, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing (400715), China

摘要

摘要: 目的探讨儿童期虐待类型对青少年焦虑、抑郁影响的相对效应及其性别差异, 为经历虐待以及焦虑、抑郁的青少年开展干预提供参考。方法采用方便抽样法选取重庆市2所中学6 228名中学生作为研究对象进行问卷星调查, 调查人口统计学特征、儿童期虐待经历以及焦虑、抑郁情况。采用相对权重分析不同虐待经历对青少年焦虑、抑郁的影响及其性别差异。结果躯体忽视是最常见的虐待类型(28.2%), 其次是情感虐待(23.7%)、躯体虐待(16.0%)和情感忽视(12.4%), 性虐待是最不常见的虐待类型, 报告率为10.3%。在经历过虐待的青少年中, 大多数经历的虐待程度比较轻, 其次是中等程度的虐待。情感虐待对青少年焦虑、抑郁的影响最大(R²=0.12/0.15), 然后是情感忽视(R²=0.08/0.11)、躯体虐待(R²=0.02/0.03)、性虐待(R²=0.02/0.01)和躯体忽视(R²=0.01/0.01);相比于男生(R²=0.09/0.12, R²=0.06/0.09), 情感虐待(R²=0.13/0.16)和情感忽视(R²=0.10/0.13)对女生焦虑、抑郁的影响更大。结论儿童期情感方面的创伤经历对焦虑、抑郁的影响更大, 且存在性别差异, 在女生中的影响相对更强。
- 虐待儿童 /
- 焦虑 /
- 抑郁 /
- 精神卫生 /
- 青少年
Abstract: Objective To explore the relative effects of various forms of childhood maltreatment on adolescent anxiety and depression and to explore possible sex difference. Methods By using convenient sampling method, 6 228 middle school students were selected from 2 middle schools in Chongqing. Self-reported questionnaires were used to collect demographic characteristics, childhood maltreatment experiences, anxiety and depression symptoms. The relative weights analysis was conducted to analyze the relationship between childhood maltreatment forms and adolescent anxiety and depression and possible sex differences. Results The prevalence of physical neglect, emotional abuse, physical abuse, emotional neglect and sexual abuse was 28.2%, 23.7%, 16.0%, 12.4% and 10.3%, respectively. Among them, emotional abuse had the greatest impact on anxiety and depression (R²=0.12/0.15), followed by emotional neglect(R²=0.08/0.11), physical abuse (R²=0.02/0.03), sexual abuse (R²=0.02/0.01) and physical neglect (R²=0.01/0.01). Compared with boys (R²=0.09/0.12, R²=0.06/0.09), emotional abuse (R²=0.13/0.16) and emotional neglect (R²=0.10/0.13) had greater impacts on anxiety and depression among girls. Conclusion Psychological maltreatment (including emotional abuse and emotional neglect) in childhood has the greatest influence on anxiety and depression, especially for girls.
- Child abuse /
- Anxiety /
- Depression /
- Mental health /
- Adolescent
注释:

1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。

HTML全文

表 1 儿童期虐待、焦虑、抑郁与性别、父母是否离异及是否独生的相关系数(r值，n=6 228)

Table 1. Intercorrelations between childhood maltreatment dimensions, anxiety, depression and only-child, parental divorce(r, n=6 228)

变量	性别	是否独生	父母是否离异	躯体忽视	情感忽视	情感虐待	躯体虐待	性虐待	焦虑
是否独生	0.04^**
父母是否离异	-0.04^**	0.07^*
躯体忽视	-0.03	0.02	-0.04^**
情感忽视	0.06^**	0.00	-0.11^**	0.41^**
情感虐待	0.11^**	0.01	-0.08^**	0.34^**	0.75^**
躯体虐待	-0.03^*	0.03	-0.02	0.24^**	0.50^**	0.60^**
性虐待	-0.05^**	-0.01	-0.04^**	0.15^**	0.26^**	0.25^**	0.26^**
焦虑	0.11^**	-0.04	-0.07^**	0.20^**	0.44^**	0.48^**	0.28^**	0.20^**
抑郁	0.13^**	-0.02	-0.07^**	0.20^**	0.49^**	0.53^**	0.29^**	0.18^**	0.86^**
注：P＜0.05，*P＜0.01。

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 儿童期虐待各维度发生程度构成(n=6 228)

Table 2. Prevalence of childhood maltreatment severity by maltreatment subtypes(n=6 228)

儿童期虐待	无	轻	中	重
躯体忽视	4 475(71.8)	591(9.5)	460(7.4)	702(11.3)
情感忽视	5 458(87.6)	601(9.6)	104(1.7)	65(1.1)
情感虐待	4 756(76.3)	1 038(16.7)	244(3.9)	190(3.1)
躯体虐待	5 234(84.0)	579(9.3)	268(4.3)	147(2.4)
性虐待	5 586(89.7)	480(7.7)	140(2.2)	22(0.4)
注：( )内数字为构成比/%。

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(25)

[1]	STOLTENBORGH M, BAKERMANS-KRANENBURG M J, ALINK L R A, et al. The prevalence of child maltreatment across the globe: review of a series of meta-analyses[J]. Child Abuse Rev, 2015, 24(1): 37-50. doi: 10.1002/car.2353
[2]	BERNSTEIN D P, STEIN J A, NEWCOMB M D, et al. Development and validation of a brief screening version of the childhood trauma questionnaire[J]. Child Abuse Negl, 2003, 27(2): 169-190. doi: 10.1016/S0145-2134(02)00541-0
[3]	方杰, 赖馨, 罗畏畏. 儿童期虐待对青少年网络欺负行为的影响: 冷酷无情特质和性别的调节作用[J]. 中国临床心理学杂志, 2020, 28(5): 991-994. FANG J, LAI X, LUO W W. Moderating effects of callous-unemotional traits and gender on the relationship between childhood maltreatment and cyberbullying in adolescents[J]. Chin J Clin Psychol, 2020, 28(5): 991-994.
[4]	胡梓悦, 李鹏声, 郭蓝, 等. 深圳市中学生儿童期虐待与抑郁症状关系[J]. 中国公共卫生, 2019, 35(6): 703-707. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGGW201906012.htm HU Z Y, LI P S, GUO L, et al. Correlation between childhood maltreatment and depressive symptoms among middle school students in Shenzhen City[J]. Chin J Public Health, 2019, 35(6): 703-707. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGGW201906012.htm
[5]	高鑫, 万宇辉, 谢阳, 等. 中学生童年期虐待经历和近期负性生活事件与自杀心理行为的关联[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2021, 42(3): 392-395. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.03.018 GAO X, WAN Y H, XIE Y, et al. Association between childhood abuse and recent negative life events with suicidal psychological behavior of middle school students[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2021, 42(3): 392-395. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.03.018
[6]	INFURNA M R, REICHL C, PARZER P, et al. Associations between depression and specific childhood experiences of abuse and neglect: a Meta-analysis[J]. J Affect Disord, 2016, 190: 47-55. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2015.09.006
[7]	CECIL C A M, VIDING E, FEARON P, et al. Disentangling the mental health impact of childhood abuse and neglect[J]. Child Abuse Negl, 2017, 63: 106-119. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2016.11.024
[8]	BROWN S, FITE P J, STONE K, et al. Associations between emotional abuse and neglect and dimensions of alexithymia: the moderating role of sex[J]. Psychol Traum, 2018, 10(3): 300-308. doi: 10.1037/tra0000279
[9]	RENNER L M, SCHWAB-REESE L M, COPPOLA E C, et al. The contribution of interpersonal violence victimization types to psychological distress among youth[J]. Child Abuse Negl, 2020, 106: 104493. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2020.104493
[10]	TONIDANDEL S, LEBRETON J M. RWA web: a free, comprehensive, web-based, and user-friendly tool for relative weight analyses[J]. J Business Psychol, 2015, 30(2): 207-216. doi: 10.1007/s10869-014-9351-z
[11]	ZUNG W W. A rating instrument for anxiety disorders[J]. Psychosomatics, 1971, 12(6): 371-379. doi: 10.1016/S0033-3182(71)71479-0
[12]	ZUNG W W. A Self-rating Depression Scale[J]. Arch Gen Psychiatry, 1965, 12(1): 63-70. doi: 10.1001/archpsyc.1965.01720310065008
[13]	ZHAO X, ZHANG Y, LI L, et al. Evaluation on reliability and validity of Chinese Version of Childhood Trauma Questionnaire[J]. Chin J Clin Rehabil, 2005, 9(16): 209-211.
[14]	WANKLYN S G, DAY D M, HART T A, et al. Cumulative childhood maltreatment and depression among incarcerated youth[J]. Child Maltreat, 2012, 17(4): 306-317. doi: 10.1177/1077559512466956
[15]	GLASER D. Emotional abuse and neglect (psychological maltreatment): a conceptual framework[J]. Child Abuse Negl, 2002, 26(6): 697-714.
[16]	BECK A T. Cognitive therapy and the emotional disorder[M]. New York: International Universities Press, 1976.
[17]	俞国良, 李森. 危机与转机: 童年期虐待对青少年心理健康的影响及应对策略[J]. 北京师范大学学报(社会科学版), 2021(1): 5-15. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-BJSF202101001.htm YU G L, LI S. Childhood maltreatment and its effect on adolescent internalizing and externalizing mental health problems: mechanism and interventions[J]. J Beijing Normal Univ(Soc Sci), 2021(1): 5-15. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-BJSF202101001.htm
[18]	TAILLIEU T L, BROWNRIDGE D A, SAREEN J, et al. Childhood emotional maltreatment and mental disorders: results from a nationally representative adult sample from the United States[J]. Child Abuse Negl, 2016, 59: 1-12. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2016.07.005
[19]	张慧会, 张亮. 早期应激对情绪调节的影响及其神经机制[J]. 心理科学进展, 2018, 26(7): 1193-1203. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XLXD201807006.htm ZHANG H H, ZHANG L. The effects of early life stress on emotion regulation and the underlying mechanisms[J]. Adv Psychol Sci, 2018, 26(7): 1193-1203. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XLXD201807006.htm
[20]	刘文, 张妮, 于增艳, 等. 情绪调节与儿童青少年心理健康关系的元分析[J]. 中国临床心理学杂志, 2020, 28(5): 1002-1008. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZLCY202005029.htm LIU W, ZHANG N, YU Z Y, et al. Emotion regulation and mental health in children and adolescents: a Meta-analysis[J]. Chin J Clin Psychol, 2020, 28(5): 1002-1008. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZLCY202005029.htm
[21]	XIAO D, WANG T, HUANG Y, et al. Gender differences in the associations between types of childhood maltreatment and sleep disturbance among Chinese adolescents[J]. J Affect Disord, 2020, 265: 595-602. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.11.099
[22]	ALAGGIA R, COLLIN-VÉZINA D, LATEEF R. Facilitators and barriers to child sexual abuse (CSA) disclosures: a research update (2000-2016)[J]. Traum Viol Abuse, 2017, 20(2): 260-283.
[23]	MCLAUGHLIN K A, SHERIDAN M A. Beyond cumulative risk: a dimensional approach to childhood adversity[J]. Cur Dir Psychol Sci, 2016, 25(4): 239-245. doi: 10.1177/0963721416655883
[24]	MACHLIN L, MILLER A B, SNYDER J, et al. Differential associations of deprivation and threat with cognitive control and fear conditioning in early childhood[J]. Front Behav Neurosci, 2019, 13(1): 80.
[25]	袁加锦, 汪宇, 鞠恩霞, 等. 情绪加工的性别差异及神经机制[J]. 心理科学进展, 2010, 18(12): 1899-1908. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XLXD201012009.htm YUAN J J, WANG Y, JU E X, et al. Gender differences in emotional processing and its neural mechanisms[J]. Adv Psychol Sci, 2010, 18(12): 1899-1908. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XLXD201012009.htm