Influence of sports application on health literacy, physical exercise behavior and physical quality among college students
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摘要:
目的 探讨基于目标导向管理的运动APP在大学生体育锻炼中的应用效果，为指导大学生选择科学有效的锻炼行为提供参考。 方法 选择常州信息职业技术学院2019年7—12月无运动APP使用经历的172名大学生为研究对象，采用随机数字表法分为试验组与对照组(均为86例)。对照组给予大学生运动APP常规管理，试验组采用基于目标导向的运动APP管理。干预16周，比较两组大学生的健康素养、体育锻炼行为、身体素质。 结果 干预后，试验组大学生健康素养总分为(55.52±7.21)分，对照组为(50.99±7.13)分，差异有统计学意义(t=4.14，P < 0.05)；试验组大学生体育锻炼行为总分(126.89±17.45)分，对照组为(117.39±16.32)分，差异有统计学意义(t=3.69，P < 0.05)。试验组男大学生50 m跑、立定跳远、引体向上、1 000 m跑、坐位体前屈成绩分别为(7.52±0.71)s、(227.46±7.15)cm、(6.56±1.02)个、(262.20±13.24)s、(8.34±1.02)cm，对照组分别为(7.93±0.75)s、(223.74±8.24)cm、(5.94±0.93)个、(268.15±11.45)s、(7.56±1.15)cm，差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为-2.76，2.36，3.13，-2.37，3.76，P值均 < 0.05)。女大学生50 m跑、立定跳远、仰卧起坐、800 m跑、坐位体前屈成绩分别为(9.38±1.12)s、(170.23±8.24)cm、(28.50±2.25)个、(252.13±15.34)s、(11.35±2.13)cm，对照组分别为(10.07±1.10)s、(165.47±8.52)cm、(27.15±3.12)个、(264.35±14.56)s、(10.41±1.36)cm，差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为-2.68，2.46，2.17，-3.52，2.24，P值均 < 0.05)。 结论 基于目标导向管理的运动APP有助于促进大学生健康素养水平的提高，增强体育锻炼行为能力，进而改善身体素质。 Abstract:Objective To explore the effect of sports application (APP) based on goal-oriented management physical exercise among college students. Methods A total of 172 college students without sports APP experience were selected from Changzhou College of Information Technology during July to December in 2019. All the participants were divided into intervention group and control group by random number table method (both 86 cases). The control group was given routine management of college students' sports APP, while the intervention group was given goal-oriented sports APP management. After 16 weeks of intervention, health literacy, physical exercise and physical quality of the two groups were compared. Results After intervention, the total score of health literacy among students in the intervention group was (55.52±7.21) points, and that in the control group was (50.99±7.13) points, and the difference was statistically significant(t=4.14, P < 0.05). After intervention, the total score of physical exercise behavior of students in the intervention group (126.89±17.45) was significantly higher that in the control group (117.39±16.32)(t=3.69, P < 0.05). After intervention, the 50 m running, standing long jump, pull-up, 1 000 m running and sitting forward bend of male students in the intervention group were (7.52±0.71)s, (227.46±7.15)cm, (6.56±1.02)times, (262.20±13.24)s, (8.34±1.02)cm, and (7.93±0.75)s, (223.74±8.24)cm, (5.94±0.93)times, (268.15±11.45)s, (7.56±1.15)cm for the control group, the differences were statistically significant(t values were -2.76, 2.36, 3.13, -2.37, 3.76, all P < 0.05). The 50 m running, standing long jump, sit-ups, 800 m running, and sitting forward bending among female students of the intervention group were (9.38±1.12)s, (170.23±8.24)cm, (28.50±2.25)times, (252.13±15.34)s, (11.35±2.13)cm, and (10.07±1.10)s, (165.47±8.52)cm, (27.15±3.12)times, (264.35±14.56)s, (10.41±1.36) cm for the control group, all with statistical significance(t values were -2.68, 2.46, 2.17, -3.52, 2.24, P < 0.05). Conclusion The sports APP based on goal-oriented management could help promote health literacy, physical exercise, and physical quality among college students. -
Key words:
- Motor activity /
- Health education /
- Exercise movement techniques /
- Physical fitness /
- Students
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表 1 干预前后两组大学生健康素养评分比较(x±s)
Table 1. Comparison of health literacy scores of two groups of college students before and after intervention(x±s)
组别 人数 统计值 基本知识与理念 健康生活方式与行为 健康技能 健康素养总分 干预前 试验组 86 22.86±4.12 11.45±2.12 10.45±1.32 44.76±6.12 对照组 86 23.35±4.26 11.84±2.23 10.68±1.51 45.87±6.54 t值 -0.77 -1.18 -1.06 -1.15 P值 0.66 0.24 0.38 0.27 干预后 试验组 86 27.13±3.65 14.65±2.15 13.74±2.13 55.52±7.21 对照组 86 25.32±3.54 13.52±2.30 12.15±2.25 50.99±7.13 t值 3.30 3.33 4.76 4.14 P值 0.01 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 
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表 2 干预前后两组大学生体育锻炼行为评分比较(x±s)
Table 2. Comparison of physical exercise behavior scores between the two groups of college students before and after intervention(x±s)
干预前后 组别 人数 统计值 综合态度 主观标准 认知控制 行为意向 体育锻炼行为总分 干预前 试验组 86 25.36±4.15 40.32±5.33 21.22±4.20 18.65±4.10 105.55±13.24 对照组 86 26.01±5.12 41.26±6.21 21.65±4.32 19.14±4.23 108.06±14.12 t值 -0.92 -1.07 -0.66 -0.77 -1.20 P值 0.47 0.37 0.75 0.65 0.15 干预后 试验组 86 30.45±4.04 45.64±6.31 26.15±3.13 24.65±4.42 126.89±17.45 对照组 86 27.64±5.36 44.58±6.43 23.43±5.14 21.74±4.35 117.39±16.32 t值 3.88 1.09 4.19 4.35 3.69 P值 < 0.01 0.35 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01
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表 3 两组大学生干预前后身体素质指标比较(x±s)
Table 3. Comparison of physical fitness of two groups of college students before and after intervention(x±s)
组别 统计值 男生 女生 人数 50 m跑/s 立定跳远/cm 引体向上/次 1 000 m跑/s 坐位体前屈/cm 人数 50 m跑/s 立定跳远/cm 1 min仰卧起坐/次 800 m跑/s 坐位体前屈/cm 干预前 试验组 46 8.38±0.62 215.53±12.45 5.26±0.82 276.34±10.23 6.47±1.10 40 10.82±1.04 157.71±12.42 25.52±3.12 275.15±11.54 9.45±1.05 对照组 51 8.30±0.65 217.36±10.21 5.41±0.73 274.54±12.31 6.65±1.21 35 10.67±1.06 160.03±13.10 25.13±4.02 272.82±13.21 9.64±1.12 t值 0.62 -0.80 -0.95 0.78 -0.76 0.62 -0.79 0.47 0.82 -0.76 P值 0.82 0.64 0.47 0.66 0.66 0.82 0.65 0.96 0.61 0.68 干预后 试验组 46 7.52±0.71 227.46±7.15 6.56±1.02 262.20±13.24 8.34±1.02 40 9.38±1.12 170.23±8.24 28.50±2.25 252.13±15.34 11.35±2.13 对照组 51 7.93±0.75 223.74±8.24 5.94±0.93 268.15±11.45 7.56±1.15 35 10.07±1.10 165.47±8.52 27.15±3.12 264.35±14.56 10.41±1.36 t值 -2.76 2.36 3.13 -2.37 3.76 -2.68 2.46 2.17 -3.52 2.24 P值 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.02 < 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.01 0.02
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