新冠肺炎疫情初期上海市学龄儿童网课相关电子屏幕使用行为及影响因素分析

谢辉; 王菁菁; 杨金柳行; 陈军; 杜林琳; 潘臣炜; 何鲜桂

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.03.006

新冠肺炎疫情初期上海市学龄儿童网课相关电子屏幕使用行为及影响因素分析

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.03.006

谢辉¹,
王菁菁¹,
杨金柳行¹,
陈军¹,
杜林琳¹,
潘臣炜²,
何鲜桂^{1, 3, ,}

1.
上海市眼病防治中心/上海市眼科医院/上海市视觉健康中心(上海市儿童青少年近视防治技术中心), 200050
2.
苏州大学苏州医学院公共卫生学院
3.
上海交通大学附属上海市第一人民医院/国家眼部疾病临床医学研究中心/上海市眼底病重点实验室/上海眼视觉与光医学工程技术研究中心

基金项目:

上海市卫生健康委员会青年课题项目 20194Y0308

上海市公共卫生体系建设三年行动计划(2020-2022) GWV-9.1

国家自然科学基金项目 82003562

详细信息

作者简介:
谢辉(1994-), 男, 安徽蚌埠人, 硕士, 科员, 主要从事儿童青少年近视防控工作

通讯作者:
何鲜桂, E-mail: xianhezi@163.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: G478 G78 R179
计量
- 文章访问数: 708
- HTML全文浏览量: 271
- PDF下载量: 111
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-01-27
- 修回日期: 2022-02-10
- 网络出版日期: 2022-03-29
- 刊出日期: 2022-03-25

Online learning-related screen use and associated factors in school-aged children in Shanghai during the COVID-19 epidemic

1.
Shanghai Eye Disease Prevention and Treatment Center/Shanghai Eye Hospital/Shanghai Vision Health Center (Shanghai Children Myopia Institute) Shanghai (200050), China

摘要

摘要: 目的了解新冠肺炎疫情初期上海市学龄儿童网课相关电子屏幕使用时长和类型, 为加强相关健康教育提供依据。方法采用随机整群抽样, 于2020年4月抽取上海市嘉定区、浦东新区和宝山区国家近视调查学校库中的8所中小学5 591名学生家长作为研究对象, 采用电子问卷对家长开展疫情期间学生网课行为相关调查。结果学生个人每周网课相关电子屏幕使用总时长中位数为13.33 h, 每周课程和课外网课相关电子屏幕使用时长分别为10(8.75, 16.67)和0(0, 3.33)h, 29.44%的学生仅使用小屏幕设备上网课。高年级、近视学生以及父母均不近视学生网课相关电子屏幕使用时间更长(P值均 < 0.05);小学高年级以及父母均不近视学生仅使用小屏幕作为网课设备的概率更高(P值均＜0.05)。结论新冠肺炎疫情初期, 上海市学龄儿童网课相关电子屏幕使用负担过重, 出现不良网课相关电子屏幕使用行为。应加强学龄儿童父母有关网课相关电子屏幕使用健康教育, 正确引导儿童使用电子屏幕开展网课。
- 冠状病毒属 /
- 注视, 眼 /
- 行为 /
- 回归分析 /
- 儿童
Abstract: Objective To understand the online learning-related screen use duration and screen types in school-aged children in Shanghai during the COVID-19 epidemic. Methods Random clustering sampling was used to select 5 591 parents of students from 8 primary and junior schools that are in the sampling pool of the national myopia survey in districts of Jiading, Pudong and Baoshan in Shanghai in April 2020. Electronic questionnaire was administered to parents regarding their child's online learning-related screen use. Results On average, the median weekly duration of online learning-related screen use was 13.33 hours, the curricular and extracurricular parts of which were 10(8.75, 16.67) and 0(0, 3.33) hours, respectively. About 29.44% of investigated school-aged children only used small-size screen for online learning. Children in higher grades, being myopic and parents neither being myopic were associated with reporting higher weekly duration(P < 0.05); children in higher grades of primary school and parents neither being myopic were associated with a higher likelihood of using small-size screen for online learning(P < 0.05). Conclusion At the early stage of the COVID-19 epidemic, the burden associated with online-learning-related screen use was high in school-aged children in Shanghai. Health education regarding online learning-related screen use should be addressed in parents to guide their children to use screen appropriately.
- Coronavirus /
- Fixation, ocular /
- Behavior /
- Regression analysis /
- Child
注释:

1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。

HTML全文

表 1 新冠肺炎疫情期间上海市不同年级学龄儿童每周网课相关屏幕使用时长比较/[M(P₂₅，P₇₅), h]

Table 1. Distribution of weekly duration of online-learning-related screen use among school-aged children with different grades in Shanghai during the COVID-19 epidemic/[M(P₂₅, P₇₅), h]

年级	人数	每周屏幕使用总时长	每周课程网课相关屏幕使用时长	每周课外网课相关屏幕使用时长
小学一至二年级	1 406	10.00(8.33，15.01)	10.00(8.33，12.50)	0(0，1.32)
小学三至四年级	1 454	11.03(10.00，16.76)	10.00(8.33，13.33)	0(0，2.34)
小学五年级	611	12.50(10.00，20.00)	10.00(8.33，20.00)	0(0，3.00)
初中非毕业年级	1 787	16.00(12.50，20.00)	15.00(11.67，17.50)	0(0，4.76)
初中毕业年级	333	18.67(13.33，24.22)	15.00(12.50，20.00)	3.00(0，5.45)
合计	5 591	13.33(10.00，20.00)	10.00(8.75，16.67)	0(0，3.33)
χ²值		646.11	550.49	269.81
P值		＜0.01	＜0.01	＜0.01

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 新冠肺炎疫情期间上海市学龄儿童每周网课相关屏幕使用总时长相关因素(n=5 591)

Table 2. Factors associated with weekly duration of overall online-learning-related screen use in school-aged children in Shanghai during the COVID-19 epidemic(n=5 591)

自变量	选项	B值(B值95%CI)	P值
性别	女	0.15(-0.22~0.51)	0.43
年级	三至四年级	1.09(0.59~1.59)	＜0.01
	五年级	2.38(1.71~3.05)	＜0.01
	初中非毕业年级	4.61(4.09~5.14)	＜0.01
	初中毕业年级	7.44(6.38~8.49)	＜0.01
儿童是否近视	是	0.44(0.00~0.87)	0.04
父母近视情况	一方近视	0.02(-0.43~0.47)	0.93
	均不近视	0.87(0.39~1.35)	＜0.01
户外活动时间		0.00(-0.00~0.01)	0.47
注：性别、年级、儿童是否近视、父母近视情况分别以男、小学一至二年级、否、双方近视为参照组。

下载: 导出CSV

表 3 新冠肺炎疫情期间上海市学龄儿童网课小屏幕使用相关因素(n=5 591)

Table 3. Factors associated with the likelihood of only-use of small screen for online learning in school-aged children in Shanghai during the COVID-19 epidemic(n=5 591)

自变量	选项	PR值(PR值95%CI)	P值
性别	男	1.00
	女	1.01(0.93~1.10)	0.84
年级	一至二	1.00
	三至四	1.14(1.02~1.28)	0.02
	五	1.44(1.27~1.65)	＜0.01
	初中非毕业班	0.78(0.68~0.89)	＜0.01
	初中毕业班	1.02(0.83~1.26)	0.85
儿童是否近视	否	1.00
	是	0.96(0.86~1.06)	0.38
父母近视情况	双方近视	1.00
	一方近视	1.17(1.04~1.31)	0.01
	均不近视	1.44(1.28~1.61)	＜0.01
户外活动时间		1.00(0.86~1.06)	0.95

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(21)

[1]	教育部. 教育部: 利用网络平台, "停课不停学"[A/OL]. (2020-01-29)[2021-11-25]. http://www.moe.gov.cn/jyb_xwfb/gzdt_gzdt/s5987/202001/t20200129_416993.html. Ministry of Education. Ministry of Education: suspension of classes but maintenance of learning via online platforms[A/OL]. (2020-01-29)[2021-11-25]. http://www.moe.gov.cn/jyb_xwfb/gzdt_gzdt/s5987/202001/t20200129_416993.html.
[2]	教育部. 教育部部署深入做好中小学"停课不停学"工作[A/OL]. (2020-03-06)[2021-11-25]. http://www.moe.gov.cn/jyb_xwfb/gzdt_gzdt/s5987/202003/t20200306_428342.html. Ministry of Education. Ministry of Education deploys in depth the implementation of the "suspension of classes but maintenance of learning"[A/OL]. (2020-03-06)[2021-11-25]. http://www.moe.gov.cn/jyb_xwfb/gzdt_gzdt/s5987/202003/t20200306_428342.html.
[3]	KENNEY E L, GORTMAKER S L. United States adolescents' television, computer, videogame, smartphone, and tablet use: associations with sugary drinks, sleep, physical activity, and obesity[J]. J Pediatr, 2017, 182: 144-149. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2016.11.015
[4]	DURUSOY R, HASSOY H, ZKURT A, et al. Mobile phone use, school electromagnetic field levels and related symptoms: a cross-sectional survey among 2150 high school students in Izmir[J]. Environ Health, 2017, 16 (1): 51. doi: 10.1186/s12940-017-0257-x
[5]	ZHENG F, GAO P, HE M, et al. Association between mobile phone use and self-reported well-being in children: a questionnaire-based cross-sectional study in Chongqing, China[J]. BMJ Open, 2015, 5(5): e007302. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2014-007302
[6]	TOH S H, COENEN P, HOWIE E K, et al. A prospective longitudinal study of mobile touch screen device use and musculoskeletal symptoms and visual health in adolescents[J]. Appl Ergon, 2020, 85: 103028. doi: 10.1016/j.apergo.2019.103028
[7]	MCCRANN S, LOUGHMAN J, BUTLER J S, et al. Smartphone use as a possible risk factor for myopia[J]. Clin Exp Optom, 2021, 104 (1): 35-41. doi: 10.1111/cxo.13092
[8]	KIM J, HWANG Y, KANG S, et al. Association between exposure to smartphones and ocular health in adolescents[J]. Ophthalmic Epidemiol, 2016, 23 (4): 269-276. doi: 10.3109/09286586.2015.1136652
[9]	WONG C W, TSAI A, JONAS J B, et al. Digital screen time during the COVID-19 pandemic: risk for a further myopia boom?[J]. Am J Ophthalmol, 2021, 223: 333-337. doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2020.07.034
[10]	全国学生体质与健康调研组. 2014年全国学生体质与健康调研工作手册[Z]. 北京, 2014. National Student Physique and Health Research Group. 2014 national student physique and health survey manual[Z]. Beijing, 2014.
[11]	LEVINSONM, CEVIK M, LIPSITCH M. Reopening primary schools during the pandemic[J]. N Engl J Med, 2020, 383(10): 981-985. doi: 10.1056/NEJMms2024920
[12]	American Academy of Pediatrics, Committee on Public Education. American academy of pediatrics: children, adolescents, and television[J]. Pediatrics, 2001, 107(2): 423-426. doi: 10.1542/peds.107.2.423
[13]	章舒心, 谭恺韫, 黄思哲, 等. 新冠肺炎疫情期间广东省小学生视屏行为现状及影响因素[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2021, 42(8): 1148-1151, 1155. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.08.007 ZHANG S X, TAN K Y, HUANG S Z et al. Current status and correlates of screen time among children in Guangdong during the COVID-19 pandemic[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2021, 42(8): 1148-1151, 1155. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.08.007
[14]	DELFINO L D, DOS SANTOS SILVA D A, TEBAR W R, et al. Screen time by different devices in adolescents: association with physical inactivity domains and eating habits[J]. J Sports Med Phys Fitn, 2018, 58 (3): 318-325.
[15]	TING D S W, CARIN L, DZAU V, et al. Digital technology and COVID-19[J]. Nat Med, 2020, 26(4): 459-461. doi: 10.1038/s41591-020-0824-5
[16]	HE M, XIANG F, ZENG Y, et al. Effect of time spent outdoors at school on the development of myopia among children in China: a randomized clinical trial[J]. JAMA, 2015, 314(11): 1142-1148. doi: 10.1001/jama.2015.10803
[17]	WU P C, TSAI C L, WU H L, et al. Outdoor activity during class recess reduces myopia onset and progression in school children[J]. Ophthalmology, 2013, 120 (5): 1080-1085. doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2012.11.009
[18]	WU P C, CHEN C T, LIN K K, et al. Myopia prevention and outdoor light intensity in a school-based cluster randomized trial[J]. Ophthalmology, 2018, 125(8): 1239-1250. doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2017.12.011
[19]	GOLEBIOWSKI B, LONG J, HARRISON K, et al. Smartphone use and effects on tear film, blinking and binocular vision[J]. Curr Eye Res, 2020, 45(4): 428-434. doi: 10.1080/02713683.2019.1663542
[20]	JAISWAL S, ASPER L, LONG J, et al. Ocular and visual discomfort associated with smartphones, tablets and computers: what we do and do not know[J]. Clin Exp Optom, 2019, 102 (5): 463-477. doi: 10.1111/cxo.12851
[21]	HUANG H M, CHANG D S, WU P C. The association between near work activities and myopia in children: a systematic review and Meta-analysis[J]. PLoS One, 2015, 10(10): e0140419.